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<p style='text-align:justify;'>Samadhi is a state of deep meditation, and the aspirant forgets about the point at which he is meditating. The sense of oneness can be found in samadhi. When there is no fluctuation of any kind in mind (thought waves, feelings, awareness), then only one can achieve the state of samadhi. It has been mentioned in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism etc., with different names. Still, all conclude that it will give liberation from this world without leaving the body. Ayurveda, a health science or science of life, mentions samadhi and its utility for preventing and treating mental disorders (manasa vyadhi). Samadhi is more elaborately explained in the Yogic texts. Gheranda Samhita says samadhi means separating mind from the body and uniting it with the Paramatma (ultimate self).<ref name="ref1">Gherand Samhita, commentary on Maharishi Gherand’s Yoga teachings by Swami niranjanand Saraswati, 3rd edition, Bihar yoga Bharati 2011.</ref> According to Hathratnavali, the state of samadhi can be attained when the mind becomes motionless due to deep concentration. However, the description of samadhi for psychological disorders in Ayurveda texts appears to be in a therapeutically applicable form. To attain the samadhi, as mentioned in Yoga Shastra may not be easy for psychiatric patients with severely afflicted minds. In these conditions, as part of sattvavajaya chikitsa, samadhi may be implied to improve mental strength and prevent progression of mental disorders. Dhyana is the preceding stage of samadhi. This article describes the concepts and practices of samadhi with therapeutic utility.</p>
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Samadhi is a state of deep meditation, and the aspirant forgets about the point at which he is meditating. The sense of oneness can be found in samadhi. When there is no fluctuation of any kind in mind (thought waves, feelings, awareness), then only one can achieve the state of samadhi. It has been mentioned in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism etc., with different names. Still, all conclude that it will give liberation from this world without leaving the body. Ayurveda, a health science or science of life, mentions samadhi and its utility for preventing and treating mental disorders (manasa vyadhi). Samadhi is more elaborately explained in the Yogic texts. Gheranda Samhita says samadhi means separating mind from the body and uniting it with the Paramatma (ultimate self).<ref name="ref1">Gherand Samhita, commentary on Maharishi Gherand’s Yoga teachings by Swami niranjanand Saraswati, 3rd edition, Bihar yoga Bharati 2011.</ref> According to Hathratnavali, the state of samadhi can be attained when the mind becomes motionless due to deep concentration. However, the description of samadhi for psychological disorders in Ayurveda texts appears to be in a therapeutically applicable form. To attain the samadhi, as mentioned in Yoga Shastra may not be easy for psychiatric patients with severely afflicted minds. In these conditions, as part of sattvavajaya chikitsa, samadhi may be implied to improve mental strength and prevent progression of mental disorders. Dhyana is the preceding stage of samadhi. This article describes the concepts and practices of samadhi with therapeutic utility.</p>
'''Agni Purana<ref name="ref10">Yoga perceived and practiced by sages of India, author J.c. Singhal,first edition, Abhishek prakashan, 2009, Chapter 23- Samadhi, page no. 448, Agni Purana 372.</ref> :''' When the yogi becomes still like curd (Milk has a property to flow, means it has some motion, but when it is converted to curd, then the flow property changes and it becomes stable)and where dhyana gets reduced to pure consciousness (when the object of dhyana also disappears), that is samadhi.
'''Agni Purana<ref name="ref10">Yoga perceived and practiced by sages of India, author J.c. Singhal,first edition, Abhishek prakashan, 2009, Chapter 23- Samadhi, page no. 448, Agni Purana 372.</ref> :''' When the yogi becomes still like curd (Milk has a property to flow, means it has some motion, but when it is converted to curd, then the flow property changes and it becomes stable)and where dhyana gets reduced to pure consciousness (when the object of dhyana also disappears), that is samadhi.
== Samadhi in Ayurveda ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Samadhi is one of the treatments for psychiatric diseases (manasika roga). It is indicated to preserve and protect mental health and prevent diseases. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/58]
One can attain a samadhi state by controlling the indriyas (especially mind) from indulging in their objects (vishaya) and restraining the chitta from various inclinations (vritti). [Chakrapani on Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/58] </p>
=== Ashtanga Yoga<ref name="ref11">Patanjala yogadarshana of Maharishi Patanjali, edited with yogasiddhi hindi commentary by prof. Suresh Chandra Shrivastava, chaukhambha publishing house, 2020, ch. 2, sutra 29.</ref> ===
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Maharishi Patanjali describes eight steps of practicing yoga (ashtanga yoga) in Patanjala Yoga sutras. He defined yoga as means of controlling the thoughts, emotions etc. (vrittis) of subconscious mind (chitta). The eight steps of yoga practice help to attain samadhi. It starts with control from the outside of the body to the inside.</p>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Table 1: Eight steps of yoga practice
|-
! scope="row"| 1. Yama
| Social restraints
| Ahimsa (Non- Violence)
| Satya (Truth)
| Asteya (Non- Stealing)
| Brahmacharya (Control over senses)
| Aparigraha (No greed)
|-
! scope="row"| 2. Niyama
| Personal restraints
| Shaucha (Purity)
| Santosha (Contentment)
| Tapa (Discipline)
| Swadhyaya (Self- study)
| Ishwarpranidhan (Devotion)
|-
! scope="row"| 3. Asana
| Postures
| colspan="5"|
|-
! scope="row"| 4. Pranayama
| Controlling breath or Prana
| Suryabhedi
| Ujjayi
| Sheetali
| Sheetkaari
| Bhastrika
|-
! scope="row"| 5. Pratyahara
| Withdrawal from senses
| colspan="5"|
|-
! scope="row"| 6. Dharana
| Concentration
| Parthivi
| Ambhasi
| Agneyi
| Vayavi
| Akashi
|-
! scope="row"| 7. Dhyana
| Meditation
| colspan="1.5"| Sthoola Dhyana
| colspan="1.5"| Jyoti Dhyana
| colspan="1.5"| Sukshma Dhyana
|-
! scope="row"| 8. Samadhi
| One-pointedness
| colspan="2"| Sabeeja Samadhi
| colspan="2"| Nirbeeja Samadhi
|
|-
|}
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