Changes

== Factors responsible for abnormal states of kapha ==

== Factors responsible for abnormal states of kapha ==

<div style='text-align:justify;'>Certain factors cause excess or decline of kapha in the human body. These factors are natural or unavoidable and artificial or avoidable. </div>

<div style='text-align:justify;'>Certain factors cause excess or decline of kapha in the human [[Sharira|body]]. These factors are natural or unavoidable and artificial or avoidable.</div>

=== Natural factors: ===  

=== Natural factors: ===  

<div style='text-align:justify;'>These factors are the essential components of biological rhythm occurring in the external as well as internal environment of the body. This natural increase is physiological. These factors are as follows:[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/24]<ref name="ref3"/>, [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana1/8]<ref name="ref8"/>, [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana12/24-25]<ref name="ref8"/> [A.Hr. NidanaSthana1/17-18]<ref name="ref8"/>(Figure 05)  

<div style='text-align:justify;'>These factors are the essential components of biological rhythm occurring in the external as well as internal environment of the [[Sharira|body]]. This natural increase is physiological. These factors are as follows:[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/24]<ref name="ref3"/>, [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana1/8]<ref name="ref8"/>, [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana12/24-25]<ref name="ref8"/> [A.Hr. NidanaSthana1/17-18]<ref name="ref8"/>(Figure 05)  

<ul><li style="font-weight:bold">Season(ritu): <span style="font-weight:normal">Kapha undergoes accumulation in winter(hemant and shishira), gets vitiated in during spring(vasanta) and subsides to normal during summer(grishma).</span></li>

<ul><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Ritu|Season(ritu)]]: <span style="font-weight:normal">Kapha undergoes accumulation in winter([[Hemanta|hemant]] and [[Shishira|shishira]]), gets vitiated in during [[Vasanta|spring(vasanta)]] and subsides to normal during [[Grishma|summer(grishma)]].</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Various stages of digestion of food: <span style="font-weight:normal">Kaphagetsincreasedduring thefirst stage of digestion or immediately after eating food(bhuktamatra).</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Various stages of digestion of food: <span style="font-weight:normal">Kapha gets increased during the first stage of digestion or immediately after eating food(bhuktamatra).</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Biological rhythm of day and night: <span style="font-weight:normal">Kaphais increased in the morning (purvahe) and evening (purvaratre or pradoshe).</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Biological rhythm of day and night: <span style="font-weight:normal">Kaphais increased in the morning (purvahe) and evening (purvaratre or pradoshe).</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Habitat(desha): <span style="font-weight:normal">Marshy area (anupa).</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">[[Desha|Habitat(desha)]]: <span style="font-weight:normal">Marshy area (anupa).</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Age (vaya): <span style="font-weight:normal">In childhood, kapha is dominant as compared to other dosha.</span></li></ul>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Age (vaya): <span style="font-weight:normal">In childhood, kapha is dominant as compared to other [[Dosha|dosha]].</span></li></ul>

[[File:Kapha Fig5.jpg|center|Figure 05: Natural factors responsible for kapha vriddhi.]]<center>'''Figure 05: Natural factors responsible for kapha vriddhi.'''</center></div>

[[File:Kapha Fig5.jpg|center|Figure 05: Natural factors responsible for kapha vriddhi.]]<center>'''Figure 05: Natural factors responsible for kapha vriddhi.'''</center></div>

=== Acquired factors: ===

=== Acquired factors: ===

<div style='text-align:justify;'>Acquired factors are those which increase and aggravate kapha dosha other than natural factors. These are avoidable and used in clinical practice by applying the concept of samanyavisheshasiddhanta. These factors are as follows: [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/23-24]<ref name="ref3"/> [A.Hr. Nidana Sthana 1/17-18]<ref name="ref8"/>  

<div style='text-align:justify;'>Acquired factors are those which increase and aggravate kapha dosha other than natural factors. These are avoidable and used in clinical practice by applying the concept of [[Samanya Vishesha Theory|samanyavisheshasiddhanta]]. These factors are as follows: [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/23-24]<ref name="ref3"/> [A.Hr. Nidana Sthana 1/17-18]<ref name="ref8"/>  

<ul><li style="font-weight:bold">Diet(dravya) and properties of diet: <span style="font-weight:normal">Food with sweet(madhura), sour(amla)and salt(lavana) taste, heavy-to-digest food, slimy, unctuous food articles and excessive intake of water cause kapha vitiation.</span></li>

<ul><li style="font-weight:bold">Diet([[Dravya|dravya]]) and properties of diet: <span style="font-weight:normal">Food with [[Madhura|sweet(madhura)]], [[Amla|sour(amla)]] and [[Lavana|salt(lavana)]] taste, heavy-to-digest food, slimy, unctuous food articles and excessive intake of water cause kapha vitiation.</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Lifestyle and other activities: <span style="font-weight:normal">Daytime sleep (diwaswapana), lack of exercise(avyayama), drinking water at night(nishaambupana), mixing wholesome and unwholesome together (samashana) and over eating before digestion of previous meals(adhyashana), etc. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/23-24]<ref name="ref3"/> </span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Lifestyle and other activities: <span style="font-weight:normal">Daytime sleep (diwaswapana), lack of exercise(avyayama), drinking water at night(nishaambupana), mixing wholesome and unwholesome together (samashana) and over eating before digestion of previous meals(adhyashana), etc. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/23-24]<ref name="ref3"/> </span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Emotional and behavior factors: <span style="font-weight:normal">pleasure(harsha). </span></li></ul></div>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Emotional and behavior factors: <span style="font-weight:normal">pleasure(harsha). </span></li></ul></div>