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It is useful in denoting the appearance, characteristics and morphology of the [[dosha]] involved with respect to its color (varna), smell (gandha), exudate (strava), type of pain (vedana) etc. and helps to differentiate between two types of same disease. For instance, the differential diagnosis of [[kushtha]] is largely based in the analogical aspects mentioned in the texts. For instance, the udumbarakushtha is similar to the fruit of fig, sidhmakushtha resembles the flower of lagenaria siceraria (alabu) while the kakanakakushtha resembles the abrus seeds. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]].7/13-20]
The diagnosis of kshudrakushtha is largely based on the upamana pramana as these are compared with anecdotes like matsya-shakalopama (resembling the scales of a fish) like in eka-kushta, hasticharmavata (like the skin of an elephant) twacha in charma-kushta. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]].7/21]
It is also helpful in determining the manifestation of disease pathology in the body like seed-soil theory i.e. the vitiation of a particular [[dosha]] in particular [[dhatu]] [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]].3/68], involvement of [[rasa dhatu]] and vyana-vayu in every disease manifestation. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]].15/37]
===Importance in treatment===
Upamana pramana is applied to elaborate the effect of interventions on the physiological components like [[dosha]], [[dhatu]], [[srotas]], [[mala]], [[oja]] etc. that are difficult to assess. The similes in the form of upamana pramana help decipher the mode of action and consequences of the treatment procedures. Hence to elaborate on the mechanism and importance of [[agni]] in the process of [[snehana]], the example of a piece of cloth is illustrated.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]].13/96] Similar to elaborating the [[snehana]] and [[swedana]] process, the example of softening of dried timber/wood after application of oleation and sudation is explained.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]].14/5] The contribution of [[basti]] in relieving the symptoms spread in the entire body is compared with the rising of the sun.[Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 7/65] Similarly, the role of a physician in disease management is compared with different examples like a cook in cooking, ruler of the state etc.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]].9/11,12] The selection of drugs is also based on the herb's inherent ability, for example, the use of plumbago (chitraka) in enhancing digestive abilities.
Article under development.
Article under development.