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Excessive aggravation of ''kapha'' and ''vayu'' in an aged, emaciated and mentally depressed individual leads to ''hikka''. This ''hikka'' is characterised by deep and resonant sound, and affliction of the chest. He yawns, contracts and expands his body, and while respiring he contracts both the flanks making murmuring sounds, and suffers from stiffness and pain. In such a patient the ''hikka'' arises from the umbilicus or ''pakvashaya'' (intestines) with pain all over the body. During this time his body bends and he suffers from black outs, obstruction in the respiratory tract and loss of strength and unconsciousness. Such ''hikka'' is known as ''gambhira hikka'' which ultimately results in death. [27-30]

Excessive aggravation of [[kapha]] and [[vayu]] in an aged, emaciated and mentally depressed individual leads to ''hikka''. This ''hikka'' is characterised by deep and resonant sound, and affliction of the chest. He yawns, contracts and expands his body, and while respiring he contracts both the flanks making murmuring sounds, and suffers from stiffness and pain. In such a patient the ''hikka'' arises from the umbilicus or ''pakvashaya'' (intestines) with pain all over the body. During this time his body bends and he suffers from black outs, obstruction in the respiratory tract and loss of strength and unconsciousness. Such ''hikka'' is known as ''gambhira hikka'' which ultimately results in death. [27-30]

=== ''Vyapeta hikka'' ===

=== ''Vyapeta hikka'' ===