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|image_alt=charak samhita
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Menopause is a natural consequence of the aging process. It is a state of deficiency of female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone due to the reduced activities of ovaries. The permanent cessation of menstrual bleeding characterizes it. Some women do not experience any associated symptoms or very mild symptoms only. However, some women suffer from severe discomfort during menopause, which negatively impacts their quality of life. Management of menopausal syndrome is vital for the preservation of health and prevention of disorders in old age.
Menopause is a natural consequence of the aging process. It is a state of deficiency of female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone due to the reduced activities of ovaries. The permanent cessation of menstrual bleeding characterizes it. Some women do not experience any associated symptoms or very mild symptoms only. However, some women suffer from severe discomfort during menopause, which negatively impacts their quality of life. Management of menopausal syndrome is vital for the preservation of health and prevention of disorders in old age.
Menstruation is termed as ‘artava’ or ‘raja pravritti’ in Sanskrit. Its cessation (nivrutti) is known as menopause (rajonivrutti). The clinical features during menopause are collectively known as a menopausal syndrome. This article describes Ayurvedic perspective of pathophysiology and management of menopausal syndrome.
Menstruation is termed as ‘artava’ or ‘raja pravritti’ in Sanskrit. Its cessation (nivrutti) is known as menopause (rajonivrutti). The clinical features during menopause are collectively known as a menopausal syndrome. This article describes Ayurvedic perspective of pathophysiology and management of menopausal syndrome.
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==Age of onset ==
==Age of onset ==
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The average age of onset of menopause is 50 years. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 14/6]. This age may vary based on individual biological constitution, familial and geographical differences. [Arunadatta, A. Hr. Sharira Sthana 1/7].
The average age of onset of menopause is 50 years. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 14/6]. This age may vary based on individual biological constitution, familial and geographical differences. [Arunadatta, A. Hr. Sharira Sthana 1/7].
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==Physiology ==
==Physiology ==
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Menopause is a normal physiological phenomenon in women’s life due to the aging process (jara). The decrease (kshaya) of menstruation (raja) is observed due to the natural process of biological decline due to ageing. [Su. Sa. Sharira Sthana 3/11]
Menopause is a normal physiological phenomenon in women’s life due to the aging process (jara). The decrease (kshaya) of menstruation (raja) is observed due to the natural process of biological decline due to ageing. [Su. Sa. Sharira Sthana 3/11]
Process of enstruation directly depends upon [[rasa dhatu ]], [[rakta dhatu]] and nutrient fluid (ahara rasa). The nutrient fluid (ahara rasa) is unable to nourish body tissues responsible for menstruation as a result of aging process in women of menopausal age. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 14/19] This leads to a spontaneous decrease in the tissues elements and the metabolic process related to menstruation. Due to the wear and tear process of aging, it is reflected in reproductive physiology ([[shukra dhatau]]). This is observed in the form of deficiency of female hormones during the menopausal age. The [[pitta dosha]] is decreasing, and [[vata dosha]] is predominant at this age. Therefore a state of depleted [[kapha dosha]], moderate [[pitta dosha]], and aggravated [[vata dosha]] is observed during menopause.
Process of enstruation directly depends upon [[rasa dhatu ]], [[rakta dhatu]] and nutrient fluid (ahara rasa). The nutrient fluid (ahara rasa) is unable to nourish body tissues responsible for menstruation as a result of aging process in women of menopausal age. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 14/19] This leads to a spontaneous decrease in the tissues elements and the metabolic process related to menstruation. Due to the wear and tear process of aging, it is reflected in reproductive physiology ([[shukra dhatau]]). This is observed in the form of deficiency of female hormones during the menopausal age. The [[pitta dosha]] is decreasing, and [[vata dosha]] is predominant at this age. Therefore a state of depleted [[kapha dosha]], moderate [[pitta dosha]], and aggravated [[vata dosha]] is observed during menopause.
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==Classification==
==Classification==
Menopause is a natural condition (swabhavabala pravrutta vyadhi). In some cases, it can turn into an acquired pathological condition which is classified into two types based on age of onset.
Menopause is a natural condition (swabhavabala pravrutta vyadhi). In some cases, it can turn into an acquired pathological condition which is classified into two types based on age of onset.