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→Skanda graha and Skandapasmara
==== ''Skanda graha'' and ''Skandapasmara'' ====
==== ''Skanda graha'' and ''Skandapasmara'' ====
Per [[Ayurveda]], children get afflicted by apasmara due to the effects of any of ''grahas'' (Sanskrit, means seizing) such as ''skandapasmara'' <ref>Sushruta. Uttara Tantra, Cha.27 Navagrahakritivijnaniya Adhyaya verse 8-9. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1.</ref> <ref name=Hridaya>Vagbhata. Uttara Sthana, Cha.3 Balagrahapratishedam Adhyaya verse 6-11. In: Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Editors. Ashtanga Hridayam. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.</ref> ''skanda'', etc. knowledge of features of nine evil spirits which seize children is described, ''skanda'' and ''skandapasmara'' are the first two evil spirits which when affect a child, the clinical presentation is similar to that of epilepsy as narrated below.
Per [[Ayurveda]], children get afflicted by apasmara due to the effects of any of ''grahas'' (Sanskrit, means seizing) such as ''skandapasmara'' <ref>Sushruta. Uttara Tantra, Cha.27 Navagrahakritivijnaniya Adhyaya verse 8-9. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref> <ref name=Hridaya>Vagbhata. Uttara Sthana, Cha.3 Balagrahapratishedam Adhyaya verse 6-11. In: Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Editors. Ashtanga Hridayam. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.</ref> ''skanda'', etc. knowledge of features of nine evil spirits which seize children is described, ''skanda'' and ''skandapasmara'' are the first two evil spirits which when affect a child, the clinical presentation is similar to that of epilepsy as narrated below.
A child seized by ''skanda graha'' has swelling of the eyes, smells like blood, has aversion to the breasts, distorted face, and eyelids or one eye having either loss of movement or more movements. The child could also be restless or irritable, have closed eyes, cry very little, hold its fists tight, and have hard bowel movement.
A child seized by ''skanda graha'' has swelling of the eyes, smells like blood, has aversion to the breasts, distorted face, and eyelids or one eye having either loss of movement or more movements. The child could also be restless or irritable, have closed eyes, cry very little, hold its fists tight, and have hard bowel movement.