Changes

The patient, before the ''basti pranidana'' (administration), is required to lie down on his left side on a bed which has uniform level or which is low in the head side. These two alternatives are described for the comfort of the patient. This can be explained in a different way also. If the patient has a bulky buttock, then the head side of the cot should be uniform. If he has thin buttock, then the head side of bed should be lowered to facilitate the uniform distribution of ''basti dravya'' in the body.

The patient, before the ''basti pranidana'' (administration), is required to lie down on his left side on a bed which has uniform level or which is low in the head side. These two alternatives are described for the comfort of the patient. This can be explained in a different way also. If the patient has a bulky buttock, then the head side of the cot should be uniform. If he has thin buttock, then the head side of bed should be lowered to facilitate the uniform distribution of ''basti dravya'' in the body.

When the patient lies on his left side, both the grahaņi and guda remain in normal position. ''Basti'' administered in this position gets absorbed properly and distributed easily. In this position, the sphincters remain relaxed. Therefore, the enema fluid enters into rectum easily without any obstruction and impregnates the ''grahani'' to produce the desired therapeutic effect.<ref>Chakrapanidutta, Commentator. Charak samhita, Siddhi Sthana, 3/24-25, edited by Vaidya Jadavaji Trikamji Acharya, 2nd edition, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1990</ref>

When the patient lies on his left side, both the grahaņi and guda remain in normal position. ''Basti'' administered in this position gets absorbed properly and distributed easily. In this position, the sphincters remain relaxed. Therefore, the enema fluid enters into rectum easily without any obstruction and impregnates the ''grahani'' to produce the desired therapeutic effect.<ref>Chakrapani, Charak. Sidhi Sthana, Cha.3 astisutiyam Siddhi Adhyaya ver.24-25. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editor. Charak Samhita.2nd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan;1990</ref>

''Basti'' drug reaches first to the ''pakvashaya'' and then to the ''grahani''. ''Pakvashaya'' is the site of ''pureeshadhara kala'' and ''grahani'' is the site of ''pittadhara kala''. So basti directly acts on ''pureeshadhara kala'' and ''pittadhara kala''.  

''Basti'' drug reaches first to the ''pakvashaya'' and then to the ''grahani''. ''Pakvashaya'' is the site of ''pureeshadhara kala'' and ''grahani'' is the site of ''pittadhara kala''. So basti directly acts on ''pureeshadhara kala'' and ''pittadhara kala''.  

Commentator Dalhana has commented that ''pureeshadhara kala'' and ''asthidhara kala'' are same and ''pittadhara kala'' and ''majjadhara kala'' are one and same.<ref>Dalhana, Commentator. Sushruta Samhita, Kalpasthana, 4/40, edited by Vaidya Jadavaji Trikamji Acharya, 2nd edition, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1996</ref>. So from these evidences it is clear that ''basti'' has direct action on ''asthi'' and ''majja dhatu''. ''Majja'' is present in the ''asthi''. Also ''mastulunga'' is considered as ''mastaka majja''.<ref>Dalhana, Commentator. Sushruta Samhita, Sutrasthana, 32/12, edited by Vaidya Jadavaji Trikamji Acharya, 2nd edition, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1996</ref> ''Vata nadi'' are also made by ''majja'' which is the seat of ''vata dosha''. So in this way, ''basti'' is useful in the disorders of central nervous system.

Commentator Dalhana has commented that ''pureeshadhara kala'' and ''asthidhara kala'' are same and ''pittadhara kala'' and ''majjadhara kala'' are one and same.<ref>Dalhana, Sushruta. Kalpa Sthana, Cha.4 Sarpadashtavisha vijnaniya kalpa Adhyaya verse 40. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 2nd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1996</ref>.So from these evidences it is clear that ''basti'' has direct action on ''asthi'' and ''majja dhatu''. ''Majja'' is present in the ''asthi''. Also ''mastulunga'' is considered as ''mastaka majja''.<ref>Dalhana, Sushruta. Sutra Sthana, Cha.32 Swabhava viprtipatti Adhyaya verse 12. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 2nd ed. Varanasi:Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1996</ref> ''Vata nadi'' are also made by ''majja'' which is the seat of ''vata dosha''. So in this way, ''basti'' is useful in the disorders of central nervous system.

It is thought that an enema introduced would never ascend so high as the stomach. There is a reference from the Best and Taylor that “materials introduced by enema, in some instances pass through the walls into the ilium, such incompetence may permit the enema fluid to reach the duodenum.” Also the possibility of materials from even the lower bowel, reaching the mouth is strongly suggested by the fact that lycopodium sporce, introduced into the colon by enema, has been recovered some hours later from washing of the stomach.<ref>Best and Taylor, Physiological Basis of Medicine</ref>

It is thought that an enema introduced would never ascend so high as the stomach. There is a reference from the Best and Taylor that “materials introduced by enema, in some instances pass through the walls into the ilium, such incompetence may permit the enema fluid to reach the duodenum.” Also the possibility of materials from even the lower bowel, reaching the mouth is strongly suggested by the fact that lycopodium sporce, introduced into the colon by enema, has been recovered some hours later from washing of the stomach.<ref>Best and Taylor, Physiological Basis of Medicine</ref>