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Line 1: − + − The word Akasha literally means ‘a free or open space’ or ‘the ether’, ‘sky’ or ‘atmosphere’.<ref>Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, akasa, Page 126-27</ref> It is one of the [[panchamahabhuta]] ([[Sharira Sthana]] 1/27). In human biology, the empty space in the body or cavity corresponds to akasha mahabhuta. Akasha is one of the five basic constituents or fundamental elements of the universe. − − {{Infobox − − |title = Contributors − − |label1 = Section/Chapter/topic − |data1 = [[Sharira]] / [[Pachamahabhuta]] / Akasha − − |label2 = Authors − |data2 = Aneesh E.G., Deole Y.S. − − |label3 = Reviewed by − |data3 = Basisht G. − − |label4 = Affiliations − |data4 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar − − |label5 = Correspondence email: − |data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com − − |label6 = Date of first publication: − |data6 = April 10, 2020 − }} − − ==Etymology and derivation== − − The word akasha is derived from Kashru-deptau dhatu, meaning ‘that spreads all over’.<ref name=Dingari2012>Dingarilakshmanachary.Acharya’sAyurvedeeyapadarthavigyana. Delhi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit pratisthan;2012.Chapter 11,Akasha nirupana;page 64-65</ref> − − ==Synonyms== − − Nabha, gagana, vyoma, nakshatra loka, divyaloka, viyat, antariksha and kha<ref name=Dingari2012 /> − − ==Contextual meanings== − − The term Akasha denotes mainly the following meanings − # Akasha mahabhuta − − # Space/ether − − ==Evolution of Akasha mahabhuta== − − In the sequence of the evolution process of [[panchamahabhuta]], Akasha is the first mahabhuta. It evolves from subtle form ‘shabdatanmatra.’<ref>BK Dwivedi.Padarthavijnana. Varanasi: Chowkhambakrishnadasacademy;2003.Chapter 2,Dravya vigyana;page 70</ref> − − ==Numerology of Akasha== − − Akasha is eka (unique) (tarkasangraha).<ref name=Dingari2012 /> It is eternal and spreads all over. (Chakrapani on [[Sutra Sthana]] 01/50). − − ==General characteristics== − − A material with the predominance of Akasha mahabhuta possesses the following characteristics. − *Soft (mrudu) − *Light( laghu) − *Subtle (sukshma) − *Smooth (shlakshna)([[Sutra Sthana]].26/11) − *The abundance of sound (shabdaguna). This property is unique for akasha mahabhuta only ([[Sharira Sthana]].01/27). − − ==Specific characteristics== − − Free flow/unobstructability (apratighatatva) is the characteristic feature of akasha mahabhuta ([[Sharira Sthana]] 01/29). Free flow or transport of nutrients in srotasa (transportation systems) indicates this feature of akasha. The empty space or hollow cavities in biological systems are denoted. − − ==Importance== − − Akasha mahabhuta is one of the basic six constituents of [[purusha]] or holistic human being. ([[Sharira Sthana]] 05/04) − − ===In the constitution of garbha (fetus) and embryogenesis=== − − Shabda (sound), shrotra (audition), laghava (lightness), saukshmya (fineness) and viveka (disintegration) in the fetus are attributed to akasha mahabhuta([[Sharira Sthana]]04/12). Akasha mahabhuta is a factor responsible for determining [[prakriti]] (constitution) of human being formed in embryonic life. It is categorized under mahabhutavikara prakriti. ([[Vimana Sthana]].08/95) − After the formation of garbha(fetus), akasha is responsible for vivardhana(enlargement) (Su.Sa.Sa 05/03). It provides space for enlargement of the size of the fetus. − − ===Organs and constituents in the body=== − − *Sound, auditory organ, all orifices and distinctness (bones, blood vessels, ligaments etc) in the body are attributed to akasha mahabhuta (Su.Sa.Sa 01/19). − *In the person, akasha is represented in the form of embodiment, space ([[Sharira Sthana]] 05/05). − − ===Inherent properties=== − − *Akasha mahabhuta in its subtle form is one among ashta prakriti (eightfold nature of all beings) ([[Sharira sthana]] 01/64) − *It is most subtle in nature and as a result, it is the lightest among mahabhuta ([[Sharira Sthana]] 04/12) − *Akasha possesses dominance of sattva guna. Hence it shows the purest form. (Su.Sa.Sa 01/20) − − ==Importance in clinical practice== − − *The [[vata]][[dosha]] is constituted from [[vayu]] and akasha mahabhuta.<ref>Shivprasad Sharma, editor. Astaangasamgraha by vridhavaagbata with SasilekhaCommentry. 3rd edition. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit series office, 2012. Sootrastaana 20; p..</ref> In [[vata]] [[prakriti]] individual, the dominance of properties of akasha mahabhuta are observed. − *Similarly, in conditions of [[vata]][[dosha]] aggravation, akasha mahabuta predominance is observed. The treatment of such conditions is done by avoiding diet and lifestyle measures with akasha predominance. − *On the other side, the akasha mahabhuta dominant regimen is indicated in conditions of [[kapha]][[dosha]] aggravation. − *The action of drugs having more akasha mahabhuta is shamana (pacifies dosha) (Su.sa.su.41/06-09). Akasha predominant drugs are selected for shamana treatment. − *The drugs which are bitter in taste (tikta) have panchabhuta constitution as [[vayu]] and akasha(Su.sa.su.42/03). This can produce mardava (softness), saushirya (porousness) and laghava(lightness) in the body ([[Sutra Sthana]].26/11). Therefore these are part of langhana treatment prescribed in diseases due to over-nutrition. − − ==Current views and researches== − − In view of quantum mechanics, the akasha mahabhuta corroborates to spin 2 (graviton) and superfield gravity. In the body, it corresponds with the body channels and spaces.<ref>Sharma Hari,Christopher Clark. Contemporary Ayurveda: Medicine and Research in Maharishi Ayur-Veda.Churchill Livingstone; 1 edition;1997,36-37</ref> − − ==More information== − − * [[Vatakalakaliya Adhyaya]] − * [[Katidhapurusha Sharira]] − * [[Indriyopakramaniya Adhyaya]] − − === Related articles === − − *[[Vayu mahabhuta]] − *[[Agni mahabhuta]] − *[[Jala mahabhuta]] − *[[Prithvi mahabhuta]] − − The list of references for Akasha in Charak Samhita can be seen [[Media:Table_of_references_for_Akasha.pdf|here]] − − ==References== − − [[Category:Pancha mahabhuta]]
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