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Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya (view source)
Revision as of 13:41, 18 December 2019
, 13:41, 18 December 2019no edit summary
{{#seo:
|title=Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya
|titlemode=append
|keywords=Food, digestion, eatable, drinks, disorders of various systems, treatment, movement of dosha, koshtha, shakha
|description=Sutra Sthana Chapter 28. Sequential effects of food and beverages
}}
<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 28. Sequential effects of food and beverages'''</big>
<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 28. Sequential effects of food and beverages'''</big>
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
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अथातो विविधाशितपीतीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
अथातो विविधाशितपीतीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
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athātō vividhāśitapītīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
athātō vividhāśitapītīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
</div></div>
Now we shall expound the chapter dealing with "Different types of food and drinks." Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1]
Now we shall expound the chapter dealing with "Different types of food and drinks." Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1]
==== Digestion process and its effects ====
==== Digestion process and its effects ====
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विविधमशितं पीतं लीढं खादितं जन्तोर्हितमन्तरग्निसन्धुक्षितबलेन यथास्वेनोष्मणा सम्यग्विपच्यमानंकालवदनवस्थितसर्वधातुपाकमनुपहतसर्वधातूष्ममारुतस्रोतः केवलं शरीरमुपचयबलवर्णसुखायुषा योजयति शरीरधातूनूर्जयतिच|
विविधमशितं पीतं लीढं खादितं जन्तोर्हितमन्तरग्निसन्धुक्षितबलेन यथास्वेनोष्मणा सम्यग्विपच्यमानंकालवदनवस्थितसर्वधातुपाकमनुपहतसर्वधातूष्ममारुतस्रोतः केवलं शरीरमुपचयबलवर्णसुखायुषा योजयति शरीरधातूनूर्जयतिच|
धातवो हि धात्वाहाराः प्रकृतिमनुवर्तन्ते||३||
धातवो हि धात्वाहाराः प्रकृतिमनुवर्तन्ते||३||
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vividhamaśitaṁ pītaṁ līḍhaṁ khāditaṁ jantōrhitamantaragnisandhukṣitabalēna yathāsvēnōṣmaṇāsamyagvipacyamānaṁ kālavadanavasthitasarvadhātupākamanupahatasarvadhātūṣmamārutasrōtaḥkēvalaṁ śarīramupacayabalavarṇasukhāyuṣā yōjayati śarīradhātūnūrjayati ca|
vividhamaśitaṁ pītaṁ līḍhaṁ khāditaṁ jantōrhitamantaragnisandhukṣitabalēna yathāsvēnōṣmaṇāsamyagvipacyamānaṁ kālavadanavasthitasarvadhātupākamanupahatasarvadhātūṣmamārutasrōtaḥkēvalaṁ śarīramupacayabalavarṇasukhāyuṣā yōjayati śarīradhātūnūrjayati ca|
vividhamashitaM pItaM lIDhaM khAditaM jantorhitamantaragnisandhukShitabalena yathAsvenoShmaNAsamyagvipacyamAnaM kAlavadanavasthitasarvadhAtupākamanupahatasarvaDhātushmamArutasrotaHkevalaM sharIramupacayabalavarNasukhAyuShA yojayati sharIradhAtUnUrjayati ca|
vividhamashitaM pItaM lIDhaM khAditaM jantorhitamantaragnisandhukShitabalena yathAsvenoShmaNAsamyagvipacyamAnaM kAlavadanavasthitasarvadhAtupākamanupahatasarvaDhātushmamArutasrotaHkevalaM sharIramupacayabalavarNasukhAyuShA yojayati sharIradhAtUnUrjayati ca|
dhAtavo hi dhAtvAhArAH prakRutimanuvartante||3||
dhAtavo hi dhAtvAhArAH prakRutimanuvartante||3||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Different types of wholesome foods ingested in the form of eatables, drinkables, lickables and masticables stimulate the ''antaragni'' (digestive process) and get properly digested by respective ''bhutagni'' (specific digestion as per basic constituent or element). Further in due course of time food gets transformed into different ''dhatus'' in presence of ''dhatvagni'' (tissue specific digestion and metabolism) and ''vata'' (''vyana vayu'') by the process of ''dhatvagnipaka'' or metabolism, nourishes the tissues through the channels of circulation without any interruption, and produces plumpness, strength, complexion, health and longevity. The tissues are sustained by getting fed by various nourishing factors (''poshaka dhatus''). [3]
Different types of wholesome foods ingested in the form of eatables, drinkables, lickables and masticables stimulate the ''antaragni'' (digestive process) and get properly digested by respective ''bhutagni'' (specific digestion as per basic constituent or element). Further in due course of time food gets transformed into different ''dhatus'' in presence of ''dhatvagni'' (tissue specific digestion and metabolism) and ''vata'' (''vyana vayu'') by the process of ''dhatvagnipaka'' or metabolism, nourishes the tissues through the channels of circulation without any interruption, and produces plumpness, strength, complexion, health and longevity. The tissues are sustained by getting fed by various nourishing factors (''poshaka dhatus''). [3]
==== Metabolism, excretion, and homeostasis ====
==== Metabolism, excretion, and homeostasis ====
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तत्राहारप्रसादाख्यो रसः किट्टं च मलाख्यमभिनिर्वर्तते|
तत्राहारप्रसादाख्यो रसः किट्टं च मलाख्यमभिनिर्वर्तते|
किट्टात् स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषवातपित्तश्लेष्माणः कर्णाक्षिनासिकास्यलोमकूपप्रजननमलाः केशश्मश्रुलोमनखादयश्चावयवाःपुष्यन्ति|
किट्टात् स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषवातपित्तश्लेष्माणः कर्णाक्षिनासिकास्यलोमकूपप्रजननमलाः केशश्मश्रुलोमनखादयश्चावयवाःपुष्यन्ति|
निमित्ततस्तु क्षीणवृद्धानां प्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां वृद्धिक्षयाभ्यामाहारमूलाभ्यां रसः साम्यमुत्पादयत्यारोग्याय, किट्टं चमलानामेवमेव|
निमित्ततस्तु क्षीणवृद्धानां प्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां वृद्धिक्षयाभ्यामाहारमूलाभ्यां रसः साम्यमुत्पादयत्यारोग्याय, किट्टं चमलानामेवमेव|
स्वमानातिरिक्ताः पुनरुत्सर्गिणः शीतोष्णपर्यायगुणैश्चोपचर्यमाणा मलाः शरीर धातुसाम्यकराः समुपलभ्यन्ते||४||
स्वमानातिरिक्ताः पुनरुत्सर्गिणः शीतोष्णपर्यायगुणैश्चोपचर्यमाणा मलाः शरीर धातुसाम्यकराः समुपलभ्यन्ते||४||
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tatrāhāraprasādākhyō Rasaḥ kiṭṭaṁ ca malākhyamabhinirvartatē|
tatrāhāraprasādākhyō Rasaḥ kiṭṭaṁ ca malākhyamabhinirvartatē|
nimittatastu kShINavRuddhAnAM pRasadAkhyAnAM dhAtUnAM vRuddhikShayAbhyAmAhAramUlAbhyAMRasaH sAmyamutpAdayatyArogyAya, kiTTaM ca malAnAmevameva|
nimittatastu kShINavRuddhAnAM pRasadAkhyAnAM dhAtUnAM vRuddhikShayAbhyAmAhAramUlAbhyAMRasaH sAmyamutpAdayatyArogyAya, kiTTaM ca malAnAmevameva|
svamAnAtiriktAH punarutsargiNaH shItoShNaparyAyaguNaishcopacaryamANA malAH sharIraDhātusAmyakarAH samupalabhyante||4||
svamAnAtiriktAH punarutsargiNaH shItoShNaparyAyaguNaishcopacaryamANA malAH sharIraDhātusAmyakarAH samupalabhyante||4||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
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The food gets transformed into two forms i.e. ''prasada'' or essence form (''ahara rasa'') and ''kitta'' (the waste form). The ''kitta'' part nourishes the mala or excretory products like sweat, urine, stool, ''vata, pitta, kapha,'' excreta of the ear, nose, mouth, hair follicle, genital organs, hair, beard, body hair, nails, etc. The essence part or ''ahara rasa'' nourishes ''rasa'' (body fluids), ''rakta'' (blood), ''mamsa'' (flesh), ''medas'' (fat), ''asthi'' (bone), ''majja'' (bone marrow), ''shukra'' (reproductive elements like semen and ovum), ''ojas'' (essence of the seven fundamental tissue elements, or the ''sapta dhatus''), basic components of five sense organs, joints, ligaments, tendons and mucilage part in the body. All the ''malas'' (wastes) and ''dhatu'' (tissue elements) of the body are nourished by the waste part of food and essence of food or ''ahara rasa'' respectively. The ''rasadi dhatus'' and ''malas'' or waste products are nourished so that the quality is maintained according to size and age of the body. Thus, after digestion, the essence and waste of food in their normal quantity maintain the equilibrium of tissues. The tissue elements may increase or decrease due to some etiology, which can be normalized by the essence part of digested food in decreased or increased quantity. Similarly, ''malas'' can be transformed into the waste part of ''ahara rasa''. The waste products, when in excess, can be excreted and the status of the body can be brought to an equilibrium through treatments with the therapies having opposite qualities like hot, cold, etc. [4]
The food gets transformed into two forms i.e. ''prasada'' or essence form (''ahara rasa'') and ''kitta'' (the waste form). The ''kitta'' part nourishes the mala or excretory products like sweat, urine, stool, ''vata, pitta, kapha,'' excreta of the ear, nose, mouth, hair follicle, genital organs, hair, beard, body hair, nails, etc. The essence part or ''ahara rasa'' nourishes ''rasa'' (body fluids), ''rakta'' (blood), ''mamsa'' (flesh), ''medas'' (fat), ''asthi'' (bone), ''majja'' (bone marrow), ''shukra'' (reproductive elements like semen and ovum), ''ojas'' (essence of the seven fundamental tissue elements, or the ''sapta dhatus''), basic components of five sense organs, joints, ligaments, tendons and mucilage part in the body. All the ''malas'' (wastes) and ''dhatu'' (tissue elements) of the body are nourished by the waste part of food and essence of food or ''ahara rasa'' respectively. The ''rasadi dhatus'' and ''malas'' or waste products are nourished so that the quality is maintained according to size and age of the body. Thus, after digestion, the essence and waste of food in their normal quantity maintain the equilibrium of tissues. The tissue elements may increase or decrease due to some etiology, which can be normalized by the essence part of digested food in decreased or increased quantity. Similarly, ''malas'' can be transformed into the waste part of ''ahara rasa''. The waste products, when in excess, can be excreted and the status of the body can be brought to an equilibrium through treatments with the therapies having opposite qualities like hot, cold, etc. [4]
==== Channels for the nourishment of tissues ====
==== Channels for the nourishment of tissues ====
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तेषां तु मलप्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां स्रोतांस्ययनमुखानि|
तेषां तु मलप्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां स्रोतांस्ययनमुखानि|
अशितपीतलीढखादितप्रभवाश्चास्मिञ् शरीरे व्याधयो भवन्ति|
अशितपीतलीढखादितप्रभवाश्चास्मिञ् शरीरे व्याधयो भवन्ति|
हिताहितोपयोगविशेषास्त्वत्र शुभाशुभविशेषकरा भवन्तीति||५||
हिताहितोपयोगविशेषास्त्वत्र शुभाशुभविशेषकरा भवन्तीति||५||
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tēṣāṁ tu malaprasādākhyānāṁ dhātūnāṁ srōtāṁsyayanamukhāni|
tēṣāṁ tu malaprasādākhyānāṁ dhātūnāṁ srōtāṁsyayanamukhāni|
tāni yathāvibhāgēna yathāsvaṁ dhātūnāpūrayanti|
tāni yathāvibhāgēna yathāsvaṁ dhātūnāpūrayanti|
ashitapItalIDhakhAditaprabhavAshcAsmi~j sharIre vyAdhayo bhavanti|
ashitapItalIDhakhAditaprabhavAshcAsmi~j sharIre vyAdhayo bhavanti|
hitAhitopayogavisheShAstvatra shubhAshubhavisheShakarA bhavantIti||5||
hitAhitopayogavisheShAstvatra shubhAshubhavisheShakarA bhavantIti||5||
</div></div>
The nourishing as well as excretory products enter different channels of circulation and nourish the respective ''dhatus''. Thus, this body is maintained by the nourishment drawn from eatables, drinkables, linctuses and chewables. The diseases could also be caused by these sources (i.e., eatables, etc.). Intake of wholesome and unwholesome food results in positive health and diseases respectively. [5]
The nourishing as well as excretory products enter different channels of circulation and nourish the respective ''dhatus''. Thus, this body is maintained by the nourishment drawn from eatables, drinkables, linctuses and chewables. The diseases could also be caused by these sources (i.e., eatables, etc.). Intake of wholesome and unwholesome food results in positive health and diseases respectively. [5]
==== Query of Agnivesha ====
==== Query of Agnivesha ====
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एवंवादिनं भगवन्तमात्रेयमग्निवेश उवाच-दृश्यन्ते हि भगवन्! हितसमाख्यातमप्याहारमुपयुञ्जाना व्याधिमन्तश्चागदाश्च,तथैवाहितसमाख्यातम्; एवं दुष्टे कथं हिताहितोपयोगविशेषात्मकं शुभाशुभविशेषमुपलभामह इति||६||
एवंवादिनं भगवन्तमात्रेयमग्निवेश उवाच-दृश्यन्ते हि भगवन्! हितसमाख्यातमप्याहारमुपयुञ्जाना व्याधिमन्तश्चागदाश्च,तथैवाहितसमाख्यातम्; एवं दुष्टे कथं हिताहितोपयोगविशेषात्मकं शुभाशुभविशेषमुपलभामह इति||६||
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ēvaṁvādinaṁ bhagavantamātrēyamagnivēśa uvāca- dr̥śyantē hi bhagavan!hitasamākhyātamapyāhāramupayuñjānā vyādhimantaścāgadāśca, tathaivāhitasamākhyātam; ēvaṁ duṣṭēkathaṁ hitāhitōpayōgaviśēṣātmakaṁ śubhāśubhaviśēṣamupalabhāmaha iti||6||
ēvaṁvādinaṁ bhagavantamātrēyamagnivēśa uvāca- dr̥śyantē hi bhagavan!hitasamākhyātamapyāhāramupayuñjānā vyādhimantaścāgadāśca, tathaivāhitasamākhyātam; ēvaṁ duṣṭēkathaṁ hitāhitōpayōgaviśēṣātmakaṁ śubhāśubhaviśēṣamupalabhāmaha iti||6||
evaMvAdinaM bhagavantamAtreyamagnivesha uvAca- dRushyante hi bhagavan!hitasamAkhyAtamapyAhAramupayu~jjAnA vyAdhimantashcAgadAshca, tathaivAhitasamAkhyAtam; evaMduShTe kathaM hitAhitopayogavisheShAtmakaM shubhAshubhavisheShamupalabhAmaha iti||6||
evaMvAdinaM bhagavantamAtreyamagnivesha uvAca- dRushyante hi bhagavan!hitasamAkhyAtamapyAhAramupayu~jjAnA vyAdhimantashcAgadAshca, tathaivAhitasamAkhyAtam; evaMduShTe kathaM hitAhitopayogavisheShAtmakaM shubhAshubhavisheShamupalabhAmaha iti||6||
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After hearing an explanation of Lord Atreya, Agnivesha said “Oh Lord, some individuals consuming wholesome food get afflicted with diseases, while some individuals consuming unwholesome food remain healthy. In this regard, how does one infer that health and disease are influenced by wholesome and unwholesome foods respectively?”. [6]
After hearing an explanation of Lord Atreya, Agnivesha said “Oh Lord, some individuals consuming wholesome food get afflicted with diseases, while some individuals consuming unwholesome food remain healthy. In this regard, how does one infer that health and disease are influenced by wholesome and unwholesome foods respectively?”. [6]
==== Answer by Atreya about causative factors of disease and immunity ====
==== Answer by Atreya about causative factors of disease and immunity ====
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तमुवाच भगवानात्रेयः- न हिताहारोपयोगिनामग्निवेश! तन्निमित्ता व्याधयो जायन्ते, न च केवलं हिताहारोपयोगादेवसर्वव्याधिभयमतिक्रान्तं भवति, सन्ति ह्यृतेऽप्यहिताहारोपयोगादन्या रोगप्रकृतयः, तद्यथा- कालविपर्ययः, प्रज्ञापराधः,शब्दस्पर्शरूपरसगन्धाश्चासात्म्या इति|
तमुवाच भगवानात्रेयः- न हिताहारोपयोगिनामग्निवेश! तन्निमित्ता व्याधयो जायन्ते, न च केवलं हिताहारोपयोगादेवसर्वव्याधिभयमतिक्रान्तं भवति, सन्ति ह्यृतेऽप्यहिताहारोपयोगादन्या रोगप्रकृतयः, तद्यथा- कालविपर्ययः, प्रज्ञापराधः,शब्दस्पर्शरूपरसगन्धाश्चासात्म्या इति|
एभ्यश्चैवापथ्याहारदोषशरीरविशेषेभ्यो व्याधयो मृदवो दारुणाः क्षिप्रसमुत्थाश्चिरकारिणश्च भवन्ति|
एभ्यश्चैवापथ्याहारदोषशरीरविशेषेभ्यो व्याधयो मृदवो दारुणाः क्षिप्रसमुत्थाश्चिरकारिणश्च भवन्ति|
त एव वातपित्तश्लेष्माणः स्थानविशेषे प्रकुपिता व्याधिविशेषानभिनिर्वर्तयन्त्यग्निवेश!||७||
त एव वातपित्तश्लेष्माणः स्थानविशेषे प्रकुपिता व्याधिविशेषानभिनिर्वर्तयन्त्यग्निवेश!||७||
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tamuvāca bhagavānātrēyaḥ- na hitāhārōpayōgināmagnivēśa! tannimittā vyādhayō jāyantē, na ca kēvalaṁhitāhārōpayōgādēva sarvavyādhibhayamatikrāntaṁ bhavati, santi hyr̥tē'pyahitāhārōpayōgādanyārōgaprakr̥tayaḥ, tadyathā- kālaviparyayaḥ, prajñāparādhaḥ, śabdasparśarūpaRasagandhāścāsātmyā iti|
tamuvāca bhagavānātrēyaḥ- na hitāhārōpayōgināmagnivēśa! tannimittā vyādhayō jāyantē, na ca kēvalaṁhitāhārōpayōgādēva sarvavyādhibhayamatikrāntaṁ bhavati, santi hyr̥tē'pyahitāhārōpayōgādanyārōgaprakr̥tayaḥ, tadyathā- kālaviparyayaḥ, prajñāparādhaḥ, śabdasparśarūpaRasagandhāścāsātmyā iti|
ebhyashcaivApathyAhAraDoṣasharIravisheShebhyo vyAdhayo mRudavo dAruNAHkShipRasamutthAshcirakAriNashca bhavanti|
ebhyashcaivApathyAhAraDoṣasharIravisheShebhyo vyAdhayo mRudavo dAruNAHkShipRasamutthAshcirakAriNashca bhavanti|
ta eva VātaPittashleShmANaH sthānavisheShe prakupitAvyAdhivisheShAnabhinirvartayantyagnivesha!||7||
ta eva VātaPittashleShmANaH sthānavisheShe prakupitAvyAdhivisheShAnabhinirvartayantyagnivesha!||7||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Lord Atreya replied, "An individual consuming wholesome food will not get afflicted with disease due to the food. Intake of wholesome food alone is not the causative factor for a disease or can it prevent diseases. Apart from unwholesome food, there are many other etiological factors that lead to a disease, such as changes in season, intellectual errors, unwholesome contacts, excessive, wrong and overutilization of senses of sound, touch, vision, taste and smell. These etiological factors can cause diseases in an individual despite wholesome intake of ''rasa'' and diet. Hence, an individual taking wholesome food has also been observed to have taken ill. Similarly, consuming unwholesome diet does not immediately produce untoward effects. All unwholesome food articles are not equally harmful, all the ''doshas'' are not of equal strength, and all the bodies are not capable of preventing disease. Unwholesome food can be more harmful depending upon the habitat, season, combination, potency, and intake in excessive quantity. The ''doshas'' become acute and extremely difficult to manage when they get associated with multiple factors, treated with wrong therapies, become deep rooted, chronic, get vitiated in one of the ten seats of ''prana'', and when they afflict vital centers within the body known as ''marma''. Individuals, who are excessively obese, emaciated, whose muscles, blood, bones are depleted, who are very weak physically, who are habituated to consuming unwholesome food, who take in inadequate quantities of food, and who have very weak mind cannot withstand diseases. Contrary to this, individuals having opposite qualities to the ones mentioned above are capable of resisting diseases. Thus, unwholesome diet, ''doshas'', and body constitution factors produce diseases of mild, severe, acute and chronic nature. [7]
Lord Atreya replied, "An individual consuming wholesome food will not get afflicted with disease due to the food. Intake of wholesome food alone is not the causative factor for a disease or can it prevent diseases. Apart from unwholesome food, there are many other etiological factors that lead to a disease, such as changes in season, intellectual errors, unwholesome contacts, excessive, wrong and overutilization of senses of sound, touch, vision, taste and smell. These etiological factors can cause diseases in an individual despite wholesome intake of ''rasa'' and diet. Hence, an individual taking wholesome food has also been observed to have taken ill. Similarly, consuming unwholesome diet does not immediately produce untoward effects. All unwholesome food articles are not equally harmful, all the ''doshas'' are not of equal strength, and all the bodies are not capable of preventing disease. Unwholesome food can be more harmful depending upon the habitat, season, combination, potency, and intake in excessive quantity. The ''doshas'' become acute and extremely difficult to manage when they get associated with multiple factors, treated with wrong therapies, become deep rooted, chronic, get vitiated in one of the ten seats of ''prana'', and when they afflict vital centers within the body known as ''marma''. Individuals, who are excessively obese, emaciated, whose muscles, blood, bones are depleted, who are very weak physically, who are habituated to consuming unwholesome food, who take in inadequate quantities of food, and who have very weak mind cannot withstand diseases. Contrary to this, individuals having opposite qualities to the ones mentioned above are capable of resisting diseases. Thus, unwholesome diet, ''doshas'', and body constitution factors produce diseases of mild, severe, acute and chronic nature. [7]
==== Description of diseases affecting various ''dhatu'' (tissue) ====
==== Description of diseases affecting various ''dhatu'' (tissue) ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
तत्र रसादिषु स्थानेषु प्रकुपितानां दोषाणां यस्मिन् स्थाने ये ये व्याधयः सम्भवन्ति तांस्तान् यथावदनुव्याख्यास्यामः||८||
तत्र रसादिषु स्थानेषु प्रकुपितानां दोषाणां यस्मिन् स्थाने ये ये व्याधयः सम्भवन्ति तांस्तान् यथावदनुव्याख्यास्यामः||८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
tatra rasādiṣu sthānēṣu prakupitānāṁ dōṣāṇāṁ yasmin sthānē yē yē vyādhayaḥ sambhavanti tāṁstānyathāvadanuvyākhyāsyāmaḥ||8||
tatra rasādiṣu sthānēṣu prakupitānāṁ dōṣāṇāṁ yasmin sthānē yē yē vyādhayaḥ sambhavanti tāṁstānyathāvadanuvyākhyāsyāmaḥ||8||
tatra RasadiShu sthAneShu prakupitAnAM doShANAM yasmin sthAne ye ye vyAdhayaH sambhavantitAMstAn yathAvadanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH||8||
tatra RasadiShu sthAneShu prakupitAnAM doShANAM yasmin sthAne ye ye vyAdhayaH sambhavantitAMstAn yathAvadanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH||8||
</div></div>
The specific diseases caused due to vitiated ''doshas'' in the seats of ''rasa, rakta,'' etc. ''dhatus'' will be explained further. [8]
The specific diseases caused due to vitiated ''doshas'' in the seats of ''rasa, rakta,'' etc. ''dhatus'' will be explained further. [8]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''rasa'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''rasa'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अश्रद्धा चारुचिश्चास्यवैरस्यमरसज्ञता|
अश्रद्धा चारुचिश्चास्यवैरस्यमरसज्ञता|
रसप्रदोषजा रोगा,...|११|
रसप्रदोषजा रोगा,...|११|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
aśraddhā cāruciścāsyavairasyamaRasajñatā|
aśraddhā cāruciścāsyavairasyamaRasajñatā|
RasapradoShajA rogA,...|11|
RasapradoShajA rogA,...|11|
</div></div>
Aversion towards food, anorexia, altered sense of taste, inability to identify tastes, nausea, heaviness in the body, drowsiness, body ache, fever, blackouts, anemia, obstruction of channels, impotence, tiredness (''angavasada''), emaciation, diminished ''agni'', and premature aging (wrinkling of skin and graying of hair) are some of the disorders caused due to vitiation of ''rasa''. [9-11]
Aversion towards food, anorexia, altered sense of taste, inability to identify tastes, nausea, heaviness in the body, drowsiness, body ache, fever, blackouts, anemia, obstruction of channels, impotence, tiredness (''angavasada''), emaciation, diminished ''agni'', and premature aging (wrinkling of skin and graying of hair) are some of the disorders caused due to vitiation of ''rasa''. [9-11]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''rakta'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''rakta'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
...वक्ष्यन्ते रक्तदोषजाः|
...वक्ष्यन्ते रक्तदोषजाः|
दद्रुश्चर्मदलं श्वित्रं पामा कोठास्रमण्डलम्|
दद्रुश्चर्मदलं श्वित्रं पामा कोठास्रमण्डलम्|
रक्तप्रदोषाज्जायन्ते,...|१3|
रक्तप्रदोषाज्जायन्ते,...|१3|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
...vakṣyantē Rakta dōṣajāḥ|
...vakṣyantē Rakta dōṣajāḥ|
dadrushcarmadalaM shvitraM pAmA koThAsramaNDalam|
dadrushcarmadalaM shvitraM pAmA koThAsramaNDalam|
Rakta pradoShAjjAyante,...|13|
Rakta pradoShAjjAyante,...|13|
</div></div>
The following diseases are caused due to vitiation of ''rakta'': Skin disorders including ''kushtha'', erysipelas (''visarpa''), furuncles (''pidaka''), ''raktapitta'' (a kind of bleeding disorder), menorrhagia (''asrugdara''), inflammation of anus, penis, oral cavity, splenic disorders (''pliha''), abdominal lump (''gulma''), abscess (''vidradhi''), blue mole (''nilika''), jaundice (''kamala''), freckles/blemish (''vyanga''), portwine mark (''piplu''), black mole of the size of sesame seed (''tilakalaka''), ringworm (''dadru''), dermatitis (''charmadala''), leucoderma (''svitra''), scabies (''pama''), urticaria (''kotha''), and circular erythema (''asra mandala''). [11-13]
The following diseases are caused due to vitiation of ''rakta'': Skin disorders including ''kushtha'', erysipelas (''visarpa''), furuncles (''pidaka''), ''raktapitta'' (a kind of bleeding disorder), menorrhagia (''asrugdara''), inflammation of anus, penis, oral cavity, splenic disorders (''pliha''), abdominal lump (''gulma''), abscess (''vidradhi''), blue mole (''nilika''), jaundice (''kamala''), freckles/blemish (''vyanga''), portwine mark (''piplu''), black mole of the size of sesame seed (''tilakalaka''), ringworm (''dadru''), dermatitis (''charmadala''), leucoderma (''svitra''), scabies (''pama''), urticaria (''kotha''), and circular erythema (''asra mandala''). [11-13]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''mamsa'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''mamsa'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
...शृणु मांसप्रदोषजान्||१३||
...शृणु मांसप्रदोषजान्||१३||
विद्यान्मांसाश्रयान्,...|१५|
विद्यान्मांसाश्रयान्,...|१५|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
...śr̥ṇu māṁsapradōṣajān||13||
...śr̥ṇu māṁsapradōṣajān||13||
vidyAnMaṃsa shrayAn,...|15|
vidyAnMaṃsa shrayAn,...|15|
</div></div>
Following diseases are caused due to vitiation of ''mamsadhatu'': ''adhimamsa'' (granuloma), ''arbuda'' (myoma), ''kila'' (piles), ''galashaluka'' (uvulitis), ''galashundika'' (tonsillitis), ''putimamsa'' (gangrene), ''alaji'' (boils), ''ganda'' (goiter), ''gandamala'' (cervical lymphadenitis) and ''upajihvika'' (inflammation of epiglottis). [13-15]
Following diseases are caused due to vitiation of ''mamsadhatu'': ''adhimamsa'' (granuloma), ''arbuda'' (myoma), ''kila'' (piles), ''galashaluka'' (uvulitis), ''galashundika'' (tonsillitis), ''putimamsa'' (gangrene), ''alaji'' (boils), ''ganda'' (goiter), ''gandamala'' (cervical lymphadenitis) and ''upajihvika'' (inflammation of epiglottis). [13-15]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''meda'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''meda'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
.. मेदःसंश्रयांस्तु प्रचक्ष्महे|
.. मेदःसंश्रयांस्तु प्रचक्ष्महे|
निन्दितानि प्रमेहाणां पूर्वरूपाणि यानि च||१५||
निन्दितानि प्रमेहाणां पूर्वरूपाणि यानि च||१५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
.. mēdaḥsaṁśrayāṁstu pracakṣmahē|
.. mēdaḥsaṁśrayāṁstu pracakṣmahē|
... medaHsaMshrayAMstu pracakShmahe|
... medaHsaMshrayAMstu pracakShmahe|
ninditAni pramehANAM pUrvarUpANi yAni ca||15||
ninditAni pramehANAM pUrvarUpANi yAni ca||15||
</div></div>
Premonitory symptoms of persistent urinary disorders including diabetes mellitus and eight undesirable types of physical constitutions, which are not appreciable in the society (to be avoided, described earlier in chapter 21 of ''ashta nindita'') are produced due to vitiation of ''medas''. [15]
Premonitory symptoms of persistent urinary disorders including diabetes mellitus and eight undesirable types of physical constitutions, which are not appreciable in the society (to be avoided, described earlier in chapter 21 of ''ashta nindita'') are produced due to vitiation of ''medas''. [15]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''asthi'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''asthi'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अध्यस्थिदन्तौ दन्तास्थिभेदशूलं विवर्णता|
अध्यस्थिदन्तौ दन्तास्थिभेदशूलं विवर्णता|
केशलोमनखश्मश्रुदोषाश्चास्थिप्रदोषजाः||१६||
केशलोमनखश्मश्रुदोषाश्चास्थिप्रदोषजाः||१६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
adhyasthidantau dantāsthibhēdaśūlaṁ vivarṇatā|
adhyasthidantau dantāsthibhēdaśūlaṁ vivarṇatā|
adhyasthidantau dantAsthibhedashUlaM vivarNatA|
adhyasthidantau dantAsthibhedashUlaM vivarNatA|
keshalomanakhashmashruDoṣashcAsthipradoShajAH||16||
keshalomanakhashmashruDoṣashcAsthipradoShajAH||16||
</div></div>
Hypertrophy of bones and teeth, splitting and severe pain in teeth and bone, discoloration, abnormality of body hair, nail and beard are the diseases caused due to vitiation of ''asthi''. [16]
Hypertrophy of bones and teeth, splitting and severe pain in teeth and bone, discoloration, abnormality of body hair, nail and beard are the diseases caused due to vitiation of ''asthi''. [16]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''majja'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''majja'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
रुक् पर्वणां भ्रमो मूर्च्छा दर्शनं तमसस्तथा|
रुक् पर्वणां भ्रमो मूर्च्छा दर्शनं तमसस्तथा|
मज्जप्रदोषात्, ...|१८|
मज्जप्रदोषात्, ...|१८|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
ruk parvaṇāṁ bhramō mūrcchā darśanaṁ tamasastathā|
ruk parvaṇāṁ bhramō mūrcchā darśanaṁ tamasastathā|
MajjāpradoShAt, ...|18|
MajjāpradoShAt, ...|18|
</div></div>
Pain in the joints, giddiness, unconsciousness, blackouts and deep rooted abscess in joints are caused due to vitiation of ''majja''. [17-18]
Pain in the joints, giddiness, unconsciousness, blackouts and deep rooted abscess in joints are caused due to vitiation of ''majja''. [17-18]
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''shukra'' ====
==== Diseases due to vitiation of ''shukra'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
...शुक्रस्य दोषात् क्लैब्यमहर्षणम्|
...शुक्रस्य दोषात् क्लैब्यमहर्षणम्|
न चास्य जायते गर्भः पतति प्रस्रवत्यपि|
न चास्य जायते गर्भः पतति प्रस्रवत्यपि|
शुक्रं हि दुष्टं सापत्यं सदारं बाधते नरम्||१९||
शुक्रं हि दुष्टं सापत्यं सदारं बाधते नरम्||१९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
...śukrasya dōṣāt klaibyamaharṣaṇam|
...śukrasya dōṣāt klaibyamaharṣaṇam|
na cAsya jAyate garbhaH patati prasravatyapi|
na cAsya jAyate garbhaH patati prasravatyapi|
ŚukraM hi duShTaM sApatyaM sadAraM bAdhate naram||19||
ŚukraM hi duShTaM sApatyaM sadAraM bAdhate naram||19||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Due to vitiation of ''shukra'', the person becomes sexually impotent, suffers from ''aharshana'' (inability to penetrate despite erection), and may have sick, impotent, and short-lived children with congenital abnormalities. There could be cases of no conception, or there will be spontaneous abortion. Thus, abnormalities of ''shukra'' result in misery for the individual as well as his family. [18-19]
Due to vitiation of ''shukra'', the person becomes sexually impotent, suffers from ''aharshana'' (inability to penetrate despite erection), and may have sick, impotent, and short-lived children with congenital abnormalities. There could be cases of no conception, or there will be spontaneous abortion. Thus, abnormalities of ''shukra'' result in misery for the individual as well as his family. [18-19]
==== Disease of sense organs ====
==== Disease of sense organs ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
इन्द्रियाणि समाश्रित्य प्रकुप्यन्ति यदा मलाः|
इन्द्रियाणि समाश्रित्य प्रकुप्यन्ति यदा मलाः|
उपघातोपतापाभ्यां योजयन्तीन्द्रियाणि ते||२०||
उपघातोपतापाभ्यां योजयन्तीन्द्रियाणि ते||२०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
indriyāṇi samāśritya prakupyanti yadā malāḥ|
indriyāṇi samāśritya prakupyanti yadā malāḥ|
indriyANi samAshritya prakupyanti yadA malAH|
indriyANi samAshritya prakupyanti yadA malAH|
upaghAtopatApAbhyAM yojayantIndriyANi te||20||
upaghAtopatApAbhyAM yojayantIndriyANi te||20||
</div></div>
When the ''doshas'' get vitiated in sense organs, they either cause impairment or deformity of the respective sense organ. [20]
When the ''doshas'' get vitiated in sense organs, they either cause impairment or deformity of the respective sense organ. [20]
==== Diseases of ligaments, vessels, and tendons ====
==== Diseases of ligaments, vessels, and tendons ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्नायौ सिराकण्डराभ्यो दुष्टाः क्लिश्नन्ति मानवम्|
स्नायौ सिराकण्डराभ्यो दुष्टाः क्लिश्नन्ति मानवम्|
स्तम्भसङ्कोचखल्लीभिर्ग्रन्थिस्फुरणसुप्तिभिः||२१||
स्तम्भसङ्कोचखल्लीभिर्ग्रन्थिस्फुरणसुप्तिभिः||२१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
snāyau sirākaṇḍarābhyō duṣṭāḥ kliśnanti mānavam|
snāyau sirākaṇḍarābhyō duṣṭāḥ kliśnanti mānavam|
snAyau sirAkaNDarAbhyo duShTAH klishnanti mAnavam|
snAyau sirAkaNDarAbhyo duShTAH klishnanti mAnavam|
stambhasa~gkocakhallIbhirgranthisphuraNasuptibhiH||21||
stambhasa~gkocakhallIbhirgranthisphuraNasuptibhiH||21||
</div></div>
Stiffness, contraction, and neuralgia of upper and lower extremities, tumor, throbbing sensation and numbness are produced by the vitiated ''doshas'' in ligaments, blood vessels and tendons. [21]
Stiffness, contraction, and neuralgia of upper and lower extremities, tumor, throbbing sensation and numbness are produced by the vitiated ''doshas'' in ligaments, blood vessels and tendons. [21]
==== Vitiation of ''mala'' by ''dosha'' ====
==== Vitiation of ''mala'' by ''dosha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मलानाश्रित्य कुपिता भेदशोषप्रदूषणम्|
मलानाश्रित्य कुपिता भेदशोषप्रदूषणम्|
दोषा मलानां कुर्वन्ति सङ्गोत्सर्गावतीव च||२२||
दोषा मलानां कुर्वन्ति सङ्गोत्सर्गावतीव च||२२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
malānāśritya kupitā bhēdaśōṣapradūṣaṇam|
malānāśritya kupitā bhēdaśōṣapradūṣaṇam|
malAnAshritya kupitA bhedashoShapradUShaNam|
malAnAshritya kupitA bhedashoShapradUShaNam|
doShA malAnAM kurvanti sa~ggotsargAvatIva ca||22||
doShA malAnAM kurvanti sa~ggotsargAvatIva ca||22||
</div></div>
The aggravation of ''doshas'' in the ''malas'' of the body causes excess discharge (''bheda'') of ''mala'' (as in diarrhea), decrease or dryness of ''mala'', and abnormalities on normal color, smell, etc. leading to their retention or excessive elimination. [22]
The aggravation of ''doshas'' in the ''malas'' of the body causes excess discharge (''bheda'') of ''mala'' (as in diarrhea), decrease or dryness of ''mala'', and abnormalities on normal color, smell, etc. leading to their retention or excessive elimination. [22]
==== Management principles ====
==== Management principles ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
विविधादशितात् पीतादहिताल्लीढखादितात्|
विविधादशितात् पीतादहिताल्लीढखादितात्|
नवेगान्धारणेऽध्याये चिकित्सासङ्ग्रहः कृतः|
नवेगान्धारणेऽध्याये चिकित्सासङ्ग्रहः कृतः|
मलजानां विकाराणां सिद्धिश्चोक्ता क्वचित्क्वचित्||३०||
मलजानां विकाराणां सिद्धिश्चोक्ता क्वचित्क्वचित्||३०||
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vividhādaśitāt pītādahitāllīḍhakhāditāt|
vividhādaśitāt pītādahitāllīḍhakhāditāt|
navegAndhAraNe~adhyAye cikitsAsa~ggrahaH kRutaH|
navegAndhAraNe~adhyAye cikitsAsa~ggrahaH kRutaH|
malajAnAM vikArANAM siddhishcoktA kvacitkvacit||30||
malajAnAM vikArANAM siddhishcoktA kvacitkvacit||30||
</div></div>
Various diseases produced due to the intake of unwholesome eatables, drinkables, linctuses, and chewables have been illustrated.
Various diseases produced due to the intake of unwholesome eatables, drinkables, linctuses, and chewables have been illustrated.
==== Movement of ''dosha'' from ''koshtha'' (gut) to ''shakha'' (periphery) ====
==== Movement of ''dosha'' from ''koshtha'' (gut) to ''shakha'' (periphery) ====
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व्यायामादूष्मणस्तैक्ष्ण्याद्धितस्यानवचारणात्|
व्यायामादूष्मणस्तैक्ष्ण्याद्धितस्यानवचारणात्|
तत्रस्थाश्च विलम्बन्ते कदाचिन्न समीरिताः|
तत्रस्थाश्च विलम्बन्ते कदाचिन्न समीरिताः|
नादेशकाले कुप्यन्ति भूयो हेतुप्रतीक्षिणः||३२||
नादेशकाले कुप्यन्ति भूयो हेतुप्रतीक्षिणः||३२||
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vyāyāmādūṣmaṇastaikṣṇyāddhitasyānavacāraṇāt|
vyāyāmādūṣmaṇastaikṣṇyāddhitasyānavacāraṇāt|
tatrasthAshca vilambante kadAcinna samIritAH|
tatrasthAshca vilambante kadAcinna samIritAH|
nAdeshakAle kupyanti bhUyo hetupratIkShiNaH||32||
nAdeshakAle kupyanti bhUyo hetupratIkShiNaH||32||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
As mentioned earlier, the vitiated doshas move from the alimentary tract region (''koshtha'') to the periphery (''shakha'') i.e. ''raktadi dhatu'' and skin - due to several reasons such as excessive exercise, excessive heat, intake of unwholesome diet and regimen, and an excess pressure of fast-moving ''vata''. These vitiated ''doshas'' stay in the peripheral regions in a dormant state and do not cause any disease till the season or environment is conducive for them to act. The ''doshas'' wait for other favorable provocative factors in the form of the region, season, etc. to cause diseases. [31-32]
As mentioned earlier, the vitiated doshas move from the alimentary tract region (''koshtha'') to the periphery (''shakha'') i.e. ''raktadi dhatu'' and skin - due to several reasons such as excessive exercise, excessive heat, intake of unwholesome diet and regimen, and an excess pressure of fast-moving ''vata''. These vitiated ''doshas'' stay in the peripheral regions in a dormant state and do not cause any disease till the season or environment is conducive for them to act. The ''doshas'' wait for other favorable provocative factors in the form of the region, season, etc. to cause diseases. [31-32]
==== Movement of ''dosha'' from ''shakha'' to ''koshtha'' ====
==== Movement of ''dosha'' from ''shakha'' to ''koshtha'' ====
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वृद्ध्या विष्यन्दनात् पाकात् स्रोतोमुखविशोधनात्|
वृद्ध्या विष्यन्दनात् पाकात् स्रोतोमुखविशोधनात्|
शाखा मुक्त्वा मलाः कोष्ठं यान्ति वायोश्च निग्रहात्||३३||
शाखा मुक्त्वा मलाः कोष्ठं यान्ति वायोश्च निग्रहात्||३३||
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vr̥ddhyā viṣyandanāt pākāt srōtōmukhaviśōdhanāt|
vr̥ddhyā viṣyandanāt pākāt srōtōmukhaviśōdhanāt|
śākhā muktvā malāḥ kōṣṭhaṁ yānti vāyōśca nigrahāt||33||
śākhā muktvā malāḥ kōṣṭhaṁ yānti vāyōśca nigrahāt||33||
vRuddhyA viShyandanAt pākat srotomukhavishodhanAt|
vRuddhyA viShyandanAt pākat srotomukhavishodhanAt|
Shākhā muktvA malAH KoṣṭhaM yAnti vAyoshca nigrahAt||33||
Shākhā muktvA malAH KoṣṭhaM yAnti vAyoshca nigrahAt||33||
</div></div>
The ''doshas'' leave the ''shakha'' (extremities or peripheral regions) and come to ''koshtha'' (alimentary tract) due to aggravation, liquefaction, suppuration, clearing of the obstacle at the opening of the channels, or pacification of ''vata''. [33]
The ''doshas'' leave the ''shakha'' (extremities or peripheral regions) and come to ''koshtha'' (alimentary tract) due to aggravation, liquefaction, suppuration, clearing of the obstacle at the opening of the channels, or pacification of ''vata''. [33]
==== Prevention of diseases ====
==== Prevention of diseases ====
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अजातानामनुत्पत्तौ जातानां विनिवृत्तये|
अजातानामनुत्पत्तौ जातानां विनिवृत्तये|
सुखार्थाः सर्वभूतानां मताः सर्वाः प्रवृत्तयः|
सुखार्थाः सर्वभूतानां मताः सर्वाः प्रवृत्तयः|
ज्ञानाज्ञानविशेषात्तु मार्गामार्गप्रवृत्तयः||३५||
ज्ञानाज्ञानविशेषात्तु मार्गामार्गप्रवृत्तयः||३५||
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ajātānāmanutpattau jātānāṁ vinivr̥ttayē|
ajātānāmanutpattau jātānāṁ vinivr̥ttayē|
sukhArthAH sarvabhUtAnAM matAH sarvAH pravRuttayaH|
sukhArthAH sarvabhUtAnAM matAH sarvAH pravRuttayaH|
j~jAnAj~jAnavisheShAttu mArgAmArgapravRuttayaH||35||
j~jAnAj~jAnavisheShAttu mArgAmArgapravRuttayaH||35||
</div></div>
An individual desirous of happiness should follow the regimen advocated in this scripture for prevention and management of the manifested diseases. All living beings strive in this direction to attain the goal of staying happy, and they follow the right and wrong path depending on their awareness and ignorance. [34-35]
An individual desirous of happiness should follow the regimen advocated in this scripture for prevention and management of the manifested diseases. All living beings strive in this direction to attain the goal of staying happy, and they follow the right and wrong path depending on their awareness and ignorance. [34-35]
==== Benefits and harms of observing and non-observance of regimen ====
==== Benefits and harms of observing and non-observance of regimen ====
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हितमेवानुरुध्यन्ते प्रपरीक्ष्य परीक्षकाः|
हितमेवानुरुध्यन्ते प्रपरीक्ष्य परीक्षकाः|
लौकिकं नाश्रयन्त्येते गुणा मोहरजःश्रितम् |
लौकिकं नाश्रयन्त्येते गुणा मोहरजःश्रितम् |
तन्मूला बहवो यन्ति रोगाः शारीरमानसाः||३८||
तन्मूला बहवो यन्ति रोगाः शारीरमानसाः||३८||
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hitamēvānurudhyantē praparīkṣya parīkṣakāḥ|
hitamēvānurudhyantē praparīkṣya parīkṣakāḥ|
laukikaM nAshrayantyete guNA moharajaHshritam |
laukikaM nAshrayantyete guNA moharajaHshritam |
tanmUlA bahavo yanti rogAH shArIramAnasAH||38||
tanmUlA bahavo yanti rogAH shArIramAnasAH||38||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
An intelligent individual follows an effective regimen after a thorough evaluation of the disease and its etiological factors as well as his ''prakriti''. An individual dominated by ''Rajas'' and ''Tamas'' mental faculty, on the other hand, follows a regimen that could be pleasant to his senses, without any consideration or evaluation of his condition, the treatment, and his constitution. An intelligent person possesses the qualities of obedience, intelligence, memory, stable, able, purity of speech, tranquility, courage, and follows a wholesome regimen. Ignorant individuals do not possess these qualities as their mind is enveloped in ''moha'' (attachments to possessions) and ''rajas''. Hence they suffer from various physical and mental disorders. [36-38]
An intelligent individual follows an effective regimen after a thorough evaluation of the disease and its etiological factors as well as his ''prakriti''. An individual dominated by ''Rajas'' and ''Tamas'' mental faculty, on the other hand, follows a regimen that could be pleasant to his senses, without any consideration or evaluation of his condition, the treatment, and his constitution. An intelligent person possesses the qualities of obedience, intelligence, memory, stable, able, purity of speech, tranquility, courage, and follows a wholesome regimen. Ignorant individuals do not possess these qualities as their mind is enveloped in ''moha'' (attachments to possessions) and ''rajas''. Hence they suffer from various physical and mental disorders. [36-38]
</div>
</div>
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प्रज्ञापराधाद्ध्यहितानर्थान् पञ्च निषेवते|
प्रज्ञापराधाद्ध्यहितानर्थान् पञ्च निषेवते|
सन्धारयति वेगांश्च सेवते साहसानि च||३९||
सन्धारयति वेगांश्च सेवते साहसानि च||३९||
तदात्वसुखसञ्ज्ञेषु भावेष्वज्ञोऽनुरज्यते|
तदात्वसुखसञ्ज्ञेषु भावेष्वज्ञोऽनुरज्यते|
रज्यते न तु विज्ञाता विज्ञाने ह्यमलीकृते||४०||
रज्यते न तु विज्ञाता विज्ञाने ह्यमलीकृते||४०||
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prajñāparādhāddhyahitānarthān pañca niṣēvatē|
prajñāparādhāddhyahitānarthān pañca niṣēvatē|
tadAtvasukhasa~jj~jeShu bhAveShvaj~jo~anurajyate|
tadAtvasukhasa~jj~jeShu bhAveShvaj~jo~anurajyate|
rajyate na tu vij~jAtA vij~jAne hyamalIkRute||40||
rajyate na tu vij~jAtA vij~jAne hyamalIkRute||40||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
An ignorant individual, due to intellectual errors, indulges in unwholesome behavior with respect to the five sense organs, withholds the natural urges, and indulges in rash behavior which could be pleasant temporarily, but lead to misery in due course of time. A wise person due to his clarity of mind and awareness does not indulge in such activities and remains happy. [39-40]
An ignorant individual, due to intellectual errors, indulges in unwholesome behavior with respect to the five sense organs, withholds the natural urges, and indulges in rash behavior which could be pleasant temporarily, but lead to misery in due course of time. A wise person due to his clarity of mind and awareness does not indulge in such activities and remains happy. [39-40]
==== The importance of food ====
==== The importance of food ====
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न रागान्नाप्यविज्ञानादाहारानुपयोजयेत्|
न रागान्नाप्यविज्ञानादाहारानुपयोजयेत्|
परीक्ष्य हितमश्नीयाद्देहो ह्याहारसम्भवः||४१||
परीक्ष्य हितमश्नीयाद्देहो ह्याहारसम्भवः||४१||
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na rāgānnāpyavijñānādāhārānupayōjayēt|
na rāgānnāpyavijñānādāhārānupayōjayēt|
na rAgAnnApyavij~jAnAdAhArAnupayojayet|
na rAgAnnApyavij~jAnAdAhArAnupayojayet|
parIkShya hitamashnIyAddeho hyAhARasambhavaH||41||
parIkShya hitamashnIyAddeho hyAhARasambhavaH||41||
</div></div>
One should not take food with greed and ignorance. One should consume wholesome food after evaluation as the body is formed from food. [41]
One should not take food with greed and ignorance. One should consume wholesome food after evaluation as the body is formed from food. [41]
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आहारस्य विधावष्टौ विशेषा हेतुसञ्ज्ञकाः|
आहारस्य विधावष्टौ विशेषा हेतुसञ्ज्ञकाः|
शुभाशुभसमुत्पत्तौ तान् परीक्ष्य प्रयोजयेत्||४२||
शुभाशुभसमुत्पत्तौ तान् परीक्ष्य प्रयोजयेत्||४२||
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āhārasya vidhāvaṣṭau viśēṣā hētusañjñakāḥ|
āhārasya vidhāvaṣṭau viśēṣā hētusañjñakāḥ|
AhArasya vidhAvaShTau visheShA hetusa~jj~jakAH|
AhArasya vidhAvaShTau visheShA hetusa~jj~jakAH|
shubhAshubhasamutpattau tAn parIkShya prayojayet||42||
shubhAshubhasamutpattau tAn parIkShya prayojayet||42||
</div></div>
Eight special factors are to be considered while consuming food. These factors should be evaluated before consuming food, as they are responsible for good and bad effects on the body. [43]
Eight special factors are to be considered while consuming food. These factors should be evaluated before consuming food, as they are responsible for good and bad effects on the body. [43]
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परिहार्याण्यपथ्यानि सदा परिहरन्नरः|
परिहार्याण्यपथ्यानि सदा परिहरन्नरः|
यत्तु रोगसमुत्थानमशक्यमिह केनचित्|
यत्तु रोगसमुत्थानमशक्यमिह केनचित्|
परिहर्तुं न तत् प्राप्य शोचितव्यं मनीषिभिः||४४||
परिहर्तुं न तत् प्राप्य शोचितव्यं मनीषिभिः||४४||
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parihāryāṇyapathyāni sadā pariharannaraḥ|
parihāryāṇyapathyāni sadā pariharannaraḥ|
yattu rogasamutthAnamashakyamiha kenacit|
yattu rogasamutthAnamashakyamiha kenacit|
parihartuM na tat prApya shocitavyaM manIShibhiH||44||
parihartuM na tat prApya shocitavyaM manIShibhiH||44||
</div></div>
One should always avoid unwholesome food. If one gets afflicted with a disease despite leading a healthy lifestyle, then he is not at fault as it could be the effect of previous birth. [43-44]
One should always avoid unwholesome food. If one gets afflicted with a disease despite leading a healthy lifestyle, then he is not at fault as it could be the effect of previous birth. [43-44]
==== Summary ====
==== Summary ====
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तत्र श्लोकाः-
तत्र श्लोकाः-
प्राज्ञाज्ञयोर्विशेषश्च स्वस्थातुरहितं च यत्|
प्राज्ञाज्ञयोर्विशेषश्च स्वस्थातुरहितं च यत्|
विविधाशितपीतीये तत् सर्वं सम्प्रकाशितम्||४८||
विविधाशितपीतीये तत् सर्वं सम्प्रकाशितम्||४८||
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tatra ślōkāḥ-
tatra ślōkāḥ-
prAj~jAj~jayorvisheShashca svasthAturahitaM ca yat|
prAj~jAj~jayorvisheShashca svasthAturahitaM ca yat|
vividhAshitapItIye tat sarvaM samprakAshitam||48||
vividhAshitapItIye tat sarvaM samprakAshitam||48||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
The origin of life- and diseases - is food. Wholesome and unwholesome food articles are responsible for happiness and sorrow respectively. The body that can sustain and not sustain the diseases of body and mind, various diseases of individual ''dhatu'', and their treatment, the mode of movement of ''doshas'' from alimentary tract (''koshtha'') to periphery, i.e, ''rakta'' etc. ''dhatus'' and skin (''shakha'') and vice versa, features of intelligent and ignorant individuals, wholesome regimens for healthy and patients are highlighted in [[Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]]. [45-48]
The origin of life- and diseases - is food. Wholesome and unwholesome food articles are responsible for happiness and sorrow respectively. The body that can sustain and not sustain the diseases of body and mind, various diseases of individual ''dhatu'', and their treatment, the mode of movement of ''doshas'' from alimentary tract (''koshtha'') to periphery, i.e, ''rakta'' etc. ''dhatus'' and skin (''shakha'') and vice versa, features of intelligent and ignorant individuals, wholesome regimens for healthy and patients are highlighted in [[Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]]. [45-48]