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Matrashiteeya Adhyaya (view source)
Revision as of 11:17, 13 December 2019
, 11:17, 13 December 2019no edit summary
=== Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation ===
=== Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation ===
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अथातो मात्राशितीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
अथातो मात्राशितीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
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Athātō mātrāśitīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
Athātō mātrāśitīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
</div></div>
Now we shall expound on the chapter “The quantity of one’s diet”. Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
Now we shall expound on the chapter “The quantity of one’s diet”. Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
===== Quantity of diet and criteria =====
===== Quantity of diet and criteria =====
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मात्राशी स्यात्|
मात्राशी स्यात्|
आहारमात्रा पुनरग्निबलापेक्षिणी||३||
आहारमात्रा पुनरग्निबलापेक्षिणी||३||
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Mātrāśī syāt|
Mātrāśī syāt|
AhAramAtrA punaragnibalApekShiNI||3||
AhAramAtrA punaragnibalApekShiNI||3||
</div></div>
One must take food in proper quantity, which depends on the strength of [[agni]] (digestive power). [3]
One must take food in proper quantity, which depends on the strength of [[agni]] (digestive power). [3]
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यावद्ध्यस्याशनमशितमनुपहत्य प्रकृतिं यथाकालं जरां गच्छति तावदस्य मात्राप्रमाणं वेदितव्यं भवति||४||
यावद्ध्यस्याशनमशितमनुपहत्य प्रकृतिं यथाकालं जरां गच्छति तावदस्य मात्राप्रमाणं वेदितव्यं भवति||४||
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Yāvaddhyasyāśanamaśitamanupahatya prakr̥tiṁ yathākālaṁ jarāṁ gacchati tāvadasya mātrāpramāṇaṁvēditavyaṁ bhavati||4||
Yāvaddhyasyāśanamaśitamanupahatya prakr̥tiṁ yathākālaṁ jarāṁ gacchati tāvadasya mātrāpramāṇaṁvēditavyaṁ bhavati||4||
yAvaddhyasyAshanamashitamanupahatya prakRutiM yathAkAlaM jarAM gacchati tAvadasya mAtrApramANaM veditavyaM bhavati||4||
yAvaddhyasyAshanamashitamanupahatya prakRutiM yathAkAlaM jarAM gacchati tAvadasya mAtrApramANaM veditavyaM bhavati||4||
</div></div>
That shall be known as the proper quantity of food which is digested in due time without disturbing the normalcy. [4]
That shall be known as the proper quantity of food which is digested in due time without disturbing the normalcy. [4]
===== Inherently heavy and light to digest foods =====
===== Inherently heavy and light to digest foods =====
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तत्र शालिषष्टिकमुद्गलावकपिञ्जलैणशशशरभशम्बरादीन्याहारद्रव्याणि प्रकृतिलघून्यपि मात्रापेक्षीणि भवन्ति|
तत्र शालिषष्टिकमुद्गलावकपिञ्जलैणशशशरभशम्बरादीन्याहारद्रव्याणि प्रकृतिलघून्यपि मात्रापेक्षीणि भवन्ति|
तथा पिष्टेक्षुक्षीरविकृतितिलमाषानूपौदकपिशितादीन्याहारद्रव्याणि प्रकृतिगुरूण्यपि मात्रामेवापेक्षन्ते||५||
तथा पिष्टेक्षुक्षीरविकृतितिलमाषानूपौदकपिशितादीन्याहारद्रव्याणि प्रकृतिगुरूण्यपि मात्रामेवापेक्षन्ते||५||
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Tatra śāliṣaṣṭikamudgalāvakapiñjalaiṇaśaśaśarabhaśambarādīnyāhāradravyāṇi prakr̥tilaghūnyapimātrāpēkṣīṇi bhavanti|
Tatra śāliṣaṣṭikamudgalāvakapiñjalaiṇaśaśaśarabhaśambarādīnyāhāradravyāṇi prakr̥tilaghūnyapimātrāpēkṣīṇi bhavanti|
tathA piShTekShukShIravikRutitilamAShAnUpaudakapishitAdInyAhAradravyANi prakRutigurUNyapi mAtrAmevApekShante||5||
tathA piShTekShukShIravikRutitilamAShAnUpaudakapishitAdInyAhAradravyANi prakRutigurUNyapi mAtrAmevApekShante||5||
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===== Basic composition of food =====
===== Basic composition of food =====
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न चैवमुक्ते द्रव्ये गुरुलाघवमकारणं मन्येत, लघूनि हि द्रव्याणि वाय्वग्निगुणबहुलानि भवन्ति; पृथ्वीसोमगुणबहुलानीतराणि,तस्मात् स्वगुणादपि लघून्यग्निसन्धुक्षणस्वभावान्यल्पदोषाणि चोच्यन्तेऽपि सौहित्योपयुक्तानि, गुरूणिपुनर्नाग्निसन्धुक्षणस्वभावान्यसामान्यात्, अतश्चातिमात्रं दोषवन्ति सौहित्योपयुक्तान्यन्यत्र व्यायामाग्निबलात्; सैषाभवत्यग्निबलापेक्षिणी मात्रा||६||
न चैवमुक्ते द्रव्ये गुरुलाघवमकारणं मन्येत, लघूनि हि द्रव्याणि वाय्वग्निगुणबहुलानि भवन्ति; पृथ्वीसोमगुणबहुलानीतराणि,तस्मात् स्वगुणादपि लघून्यग्निसन्धुक्षणस्वभावान्यल्पदोषाणि चोच्यन्तेऽपि सौहित्योपयुक्तानि, गुरूणिपुनर्नाग्निसन्धुक्षणस्वभावान्यसामान्यात्, अतश्चातिमात्रं दोषवन्ति सौहित्योपयुक्तान्यन्यत्र व्यायामाग्निबलात्; सैषाभवत्यग्निबलापेक्षिणी मात्रा||६||
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Na caivamuktē dravyē gurulāghavamakāraṇaṁ manyēta, laghūni hi dravyāṇi vāyvagniguṇabahulānibhavanti; pr̥thvīsōmaguṇabahulānītarāṇi, tasmāt svaguṇādapilaghūnyagnisandhukṣaṇasvabhāvānyalpadōṣāṇi cōcyantē'pi sauhityōpayuktāni, gurūṇipunarnāgnisandhukṣaṇasvabhāvānyasāmānyāt, ataścātimātraṁ dōṣavanti sauhityōpayuktānyanyatravyāyāmāgnibalāt; saiṣā bhavatyagnibalāpēkṣiṇī mātrā||6||
Na caivamuktē dravyē gurulāghavamakāraṇaṁ manyēta, laghūni hi dravyāṇi vāyvagniguṇabahulānibhavanti; pr̥thvīsōmaguṇabahulānītarāṇi, tasmāt svaguṇādapilaghūnyagnisandhukṣaṇasvabhāvānyalpadōṣāṇi cōcyantē'pi sauhityōpayuktāni, gurūṇipunarnāgnisandhukṣaṇasvabhāvānyasāmānyāt, ataścātimātraṁ dōṣavanti sauhityōpayuktānyanyatravyāyāmāgnibalāt; saiṣā bhavatyagnibalāpēkṣiṇī mātrā||6||
na caivamukte dravye gurulAghavamakAraNaM manyeta, laghUni hi dravyANi vAyvagniguNabahulAni bhavanti; pRuthvIsomaguNabahulAnItarANi, tasmAtsvaguNAdapi laghUnyagnisandhukShaNasvabhAvAnyalpadoShANi cocyante~api sauhityopayuktAni, gurUNi punarnAgnisandhukShaNasvabhAvAnyasAmAnyAt,atashcAtimAtraM doShavanti sauhityopayuktAnyanyatra vyAyAmAgnibalAt; saiShA bhavatyagnibalApekShiNI mAtrA||6||
na caivamukte dravye gurulAghavamakAraNaM manyeta, laghUni hi dravyANi vAyvagniguNabahulAni bhavanti; pRuthvIsomaguNabahulAnItarANi, tasmAtsvaguNAdapi laghUnyagnisandhukShaNasvabhAvAnyalpadoShANi cocyante~api sauhityopayuktAni, gurUNi punarnAgnisandhukShaNasvabhAvAnyasAmAnyAt,atashcAtimAtraM doShavanti sauhityopayuktAnyanyatra vyAyAmAgnibalAt; saiShA bhavatyagnibalApekShiNI mAtrA||6||
</div></div>
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From this, one should not conclude that heaviness or lightness in a food-article is mentioned without a reason. The light to digest substances have a predominance of the qualities of [[vayu]] and [[agni]]. The others have a predominance of the qualities of [[prithvi]] and [[jala]]. Therefore, the light food-articles are stimulants of [[agni]] owing to their innate quality, and are said to be less harmful even if they are eaten to a surfeit. On the other hand, heavy articles are non-stimulant of [[agni]] by nature, due to their dissimilarity of qualities. Thus, they cause harm if taken in excess quantity, unless there is strong [[agni]] achieved by physical exercise. Thus the right quantity of diet is determined by the strength of [[agni]]. [6]
From this, one should not conclude that heaviness or lightness in a food-article is mentioned without a reason. The light to digest substances have a predominance of the qualities of [[vayu]] and [[agni]]. The others have a predominance of the qualities of [[prithvi]] and [[jala]]. Therefore, the light food-articles are stimulants of [[agni]] owing to their innate quality, and are said to be less harmful even if they are eaten to a surfeit. On the other hand, heavy articles are non-stimulant of [[agni]] by nature, due to their dissimilarity of qualities. Thus, they cause harm if taken in excess quantity, unless there is strong [[agni]] achieved by physical exercise. Thus the right quantity of diet is determined by the strength of [[agni]]. [6]
===== Proportion of heavy and light to digest food =====
===== Proportion of heavy and light to digest food =====
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न च नापेक्षते द्रव्यं; द्रव्यापेक्षया च त्रिभागसौहित्यमर्धसौहित्यं वा गुरूणामुपदिश्यते, लघूनामपि चनातिसौहित्यमग्नेर्युक्त्यर्थम्||७||
न च नापेक्षते द्रव्यं; द्रव्यापेक्षया च त्रिभागसौहित्यमर्धसौहित्यं वा गुरूणामुपदिश्यते, लघूनामपि चनातिसौहित्यमग्नेर्युक्त्यर्थम्||७||
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Na ca nāpēkṣatē dravyaṁ; dravyāpēkṣayā ca tribhāgasauhityamardhasauhityaṁ vā gurūṇāmupadiśyatē,laghūnāmapi ca nātisauhityamagnēryuktyartham||7||
Na ca nāpēkṣatē dravyaṁ; dravyāpēkṣayā ca tribhāgasauhityamardhasauhityaṁ vā gurūṇāmupadiśyatē,laghūnāmapi ca nātisauhityamagnēryuktyartham||7||
na ca nApekShate dravyaM; dravyApekShayA ca tribhAgasauhityamardhasauhityaM vA gurUNAmupadishyate, laghUnAmapi ca nAtisauhityamagneryuktyartham||7||
na ca nApekShate dravyaM; dravyApekShayA ca tribhAgasauhityamardhasauhityaM vA gurUNAmupadishyate, laghUnAmapi ca nAtisauhityamagneryuktyartham||7||
</div></div>
The right quantity always depends upon the substance itself. Based on the food-article itself, it is advised that heavy articles should be taken upto one third or one half of the saturation point (of capacity of stomach); even light ones should not be taken in surfeit in order to maintain the strength of [[agni]].[7]
The right quantity always depends upon the substance itself. Based on the food-article itself, it is advised that heavy articles should be taken upto one third or one half of the saturation point (of capacity of stomach); even light ones should not be taken in surfeit in order to maintain the strength of [[agni]].[7]
===== Benefits of proper quantity diet =====
===== Benefits of proper quantity diet =====
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मात्रावद्ध्यशनमशितमनुपहत्य प्रकृतिं बलवर्णसुखायुषा योजयत्युपयोक्तारमवश्यमिति||८||
मात्रावद्ध्यशनमशितमनुपहत्य प्रकृतिं बलवर्णसुखायुषा योजयत्युपयोक्तारमवश्यमिति||८||
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Mātrāvaddhyaśanamaśitamanupahatya prakr̥tiṁ balavarṇasukhāyuṣāyōjayatyupayōktāramavaśyamiti||8||
Mātrāvaddhyaśanamaśitamanupahatya prakr̥tiṁ balavarṇasukhāyuṣāyōjayatyupayōktāramavaśyamiti||8||
mAtrAvaddhyashanamashitamanupahatya prakRutiM balavarNasukhAyuShA yojayatyupayoktAramavashyamiti||8||
mAtrAvaddhyashanamashitamanupahatya prakRutiM balavarNasukhAyuShA yojayatyupayoktAramavashyamiti||8||
</div></div>
The food taken in right quantity certainly provides strength, complexion, happiness and longevity to the person; without disturbing the normalcy. [8]
The food taken in right quantity certainly provides strength, complexion, happiness and longevity to the person; without disturbing the normalcy. [8]
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भवन्ति चात्र-
भवन्ति चात्र-
गुरु पिष्टमयं तस्मात्तण्डुलान् पृथुकानपि|
गुरु पिष्टमयं तस्मात्तण्डुलान् पृथुकानपि|
न जातु भुक्तवान् खादेन्मात्रां खादेद्बुभुक्षितः||९||
न जातु भुक्तवान् खादेन्मात्रां खादेद्बुभुक्षितः||९||
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Bhavanti cātra-
Bhavanti cātra-
guru piShTamayaM tasmAttaNDulAn pRuthukAnapi|
guru piShTamayaM tasmAttaNDulAn pRuthukAnapi|
na jAtu bhuktavAn khAdenmAtrAM khAdedbubhukShitaH||9||
na jAtu bhuktavAn khAdenmAtrAM khAdedbubhukShitaH||9||
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Here are verses again-
Here are verses again-
===== Forbidden food articles for habitual consumption =====
===== Forbidden food articles for habitual consumption =====
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वल्लूरं शुष्कशाकानि शालूकानि बिसानि च|
वल्लूरं शुष्कशाकानि शालूकानि बिसानि च|
नाभ्यसेद्गौरवान्मांसं कृशं नैवोपयोजयेत्||१०||
नाभ्यसेद्गौरवान्मांसं कृशं नैवोपयोजयेत्||१०||
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Vallūraṁ śuṣkaśākāni śālūkāni bisāni ca|
Vallūraṁ śuṣkaśākāni śālūkāni bisāni ca|
vallUraM shuShkashAkAni shAlUkAni bisAni ca|
vallUraM shuShkashAkAni shAlUkAni bisAni ca|
nAbhyasedgauravAnmAMsaM kRushaM naivopayojayet||10||
nAbhyasedgauravAnmAMsaM kRushaM naivopayojayet||10||
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One should not be habitual to take dried meat, dried vegetables, shaluka (tuber of lotus-Nymphaea alba Linn.) and bisa (stalk of lotus-Nymphaea alba Linn.) as these are heavy to digest. One should never eat meat of emaciated animal. [10]
One should not be habitual to take dried meat, dried vegetables, shaluka (tuber of lotus-Nymphaea alba Linn.) and bisa (stalk of lotus-Nymphaea alba Linn.) as these are heavy to digest. One should never eat meat of emaciated animal. [10]
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कूर्चिकांश्च किलाटांश्च शौकरं गव्यमाहिषे|
कूर्चिकांश्च किलाटांश्च शौकरं गव्यमाहिषे|
मत्स्यान् दधि च माषांश्च यवकांश्च न शीलयेत्||११||
मत्स्यान् दधि च माषांश्च यवकांश्च न शीलयेत्||११||
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Kūrcikāṁśca kilāṭāṁśca śaukaraṁ gavyamāhiṣē|
Kūrcikāṁśca kilāṭāṁśca śaukaraṁ gavyamāhiṣē|
kUrcikAMshca kilATAMshca shaukaraM gavyamAhiShe|
kUrcikAMshca kilATAMshca shaukaraM gavyamAhiShe|
matsyAn dadhi ca mAShAMshca yavakAMshca na shIlayet||11||
matsyAn dadhi ca mAShAMshca yavakAMshca na shIlayet||11||
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One should not be habitual to take coagulated milk, cream-cheese, pork, meat of cow and buffalo, fish, curd, black-gram and wild-barley. [11]
One should not be habitual to take coagulated milk, cream-cheese, pork, meat of cow and buffalo, fish, curd, black-gram and wild-barley. [11]
===== Food articles for regular consumption and preservation of health =====
===== Food articles for regular consumption and preservation of health =====
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षष्टिकाञ्छालिमुद्गांश्च सैन्धवामलके यवान्|
षष्टिकाञ्छालिमुद्गांश्च सैन्धवामलके यवान्|
आन्तरीक्षं पयः सर्पिर्जाङ्गलं मधु चाभ्यसेत्||१२||
आन्तरीक्षं पयः सर्पिर्जाङ्गलं मधु चाभ्यसेत्||१२||
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Ṣaṣṭikāñchālimudgāṁśca saindhavāmalakē yavān|
Ṣaṣṭikāñchālimudgāṁśca saindhavāmalakē yavān|
ShaShTikA~jchAlimudgAMshca saindhavAmalake yavAn|
ShaShTikA~jchAlimudgAMshca saindhavAmalake yavAn|
AntarIkShaM payaH sarpirjA~ggalaM madhu cAbhyaset||12||
AntarIkShaM payaH sarpirjA~ggalaM madhu cAbhyaset||12||
</div></div>
One should regularly consume shashtika rice (Oryza sativum), shali rice(varieties of Oryza sativum rice), mudga (Vigna radiata green gram), rock-salt, aamalaka (Phyllanthus emblica -Indian-gooseberry), yava (Hordeum vulgare-barley), rain-water, milk, ghee, flesh of ''jangala'' animals(arid habitat) and honey. [12]
One should regularly consume shashtika rice (Oryza sativum), shali rice(varieties of Oryza sativum rice), mudga (Vigna radiata green gram), rock-salt, aamalaka (Phyllanthus emblica -Indian-gooseberry), yava (Hordeum vulgare-barley), rain-water, milk, ghee, flesh of ''jangala'' animals(arid habitat) and honey. [12]
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तच्च नित्यं प्रयुञ्जीत स्वास्थ्यं येनानुवर्तते|
तच्च नित्यं प्रयुञ्जीत स्वास्थ्यं येनानुवर्तते|
अजातानां विकाराणामनुत्पत्तिकरं च यत्||१३||
अजातानां विकाराणामनुत्पत्तिकरं च यत्||१३||
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Tacca nityaṁ prayuñjīta svāsthyaṁ yēnānuvartatē|
Tacca nityaṁ prayuñjīta svāsthyaṁ yēnānuvartatē|
tacca nityaM prayu~jjIta svAsthyaM yenAnuvartate|
tacca nityaM prayu~jjIta svAsthyaM yenAnuvartate|
ajAtAnAM vikArANAmanutpattikaraM ca yat||13||
ajAtAnAM vikArANAmanutpattikaraM ca yat||13||
</div></div>
One should follow those in the daily regimen, which maintain health as well as prevent onset of diseases. [13]
One should follow those in the daily regimen, which maintain health as well as prevent onset of diseases. [13]
==== Daily procedures for preservation of health ====
==== Daily procedures for preservation of health ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अत ऊर्ध्वं शरीरस्य कार्यमक्ष्यञ्जनादिकम्|
अत ऊर्ध्वं शरीरस्य कार्यमक्ष्यञ्जनादिकम्|
स्वस्थवृत्तिमभिप्रेत्य गुणतः सम्प्रवक्ष्यते||१४||
स्वस्थवृत्तिमभिप्रेत्य गुणतः सम्प्रवक्ष्यते||१४||
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Ata ūrdhvaṁ śarīrasya kāryamakṣyañjanādikam|
Ata ūrdhvaṁ śarīrasya kāryamakṣyañjanādikam|
svasthavRuttimabhipretya guNataH sampravakShyate||14||
svasthavRuttimabhipretya guNataH sampravakShyate||14||
</div></div>
From here onwards we shall explain the body regimen like collyrium etc. with reference to their role of maintaining health. [14]
From here onwards we shall explain the body regimen like collyrium etc. with reference to their role of maintaining health. [14]
===== Frequency of application and types of collyrium =====
===== Frequency of application and types of collyrium =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सौवीरमञ्जनं नित्यं हितमक्ष्णोः प्रयोजयेत्|
सौवीरमञ्जनं नित्यं हितमक्ष्णोः प्रयोजयेत्|
पञ्चरात्रेऽष्टरात्रे वा स्रावणार्थे रसाञ्जनम्||१५||
पञ्चरात्रेऽष्टरात्रे वा स्रावणार्थे रसाञ्जनम्||१५||
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Sauvīramañjanaṁ nityaṁ hitamakṣṇōḥ prayōjayēt|
Sauvīramañjanaṁ nityaṁ hitamakṣṇōḥ prayōjayēt|
pa~jcarAtre~aShTarAtre vA srAvaNArthe rasA~jjanam||15||
pa~jcarAtre~aShTarAtre vA srAvaNArthe rasA~jjanam||15||
</div></div>
One should daily apply the collyrium of sauviranjana (antimony sulphide), which is beneficial to the eyes.; one should use rasanjana (aqueous extract of Berberis aristata) once in every fifth or eighth night for cleansing drainage of the eyes. [15]
One should daily apply the collyrium of sauviranjana (antimony sulphide), which is beneficial to the eyes.; one should use rasanjana (aqueous extract of Berberis aristata) once in every fifth or eighth night for cleansing drainage of the eyes. [15]
===== Direction of use =====
===== Direction of use =====
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चक्षुस्तेजोमयं तस्य विशेषाच्छ्लेष्मतो भयम्|
चक्षुस्तेजोमयं तस्य विशेषाच्छ्लेष्मतो भयम्|
तस्मात् स्राव्यं निशायां तु ध्रुवमञ्जनमिष्यते|१८|
तस्मात् स्राव्यं निशायां तु ध्रुवमञ्जनमिष्यते|१८|
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Cakṣustējōmayaṁ tasya viśēṣācchlēṣmatō bhayam|
Cakṣustējōmayaṁ tasya viśēṣācchlēṣmatō bhayam|
tasmAt srAvyaM nishAyAM tu dhruvama~jjanamiShyate|18|
tasmAt srAvyaM nishAyAM tu dhruvama~jjanamiShyate|18|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
The eye is the element of ''[[agni]]''. So, it is susceptible to vitiated ''[[kapha]]''. Therefore, measures that pacify ''[[kapha]]'' are beneficial for keeping the vision clear. Strong collyrium shall not be applied to the eyes during daytime as the eyes already weakened by drainage will get impaired further on exposure to sunshine. Therefore, the collyrium meant for cleansing drainage is indicated exclusively at night. [16-17]
The eye is the element of ''[[agni]]''. So, it is susceptible to vitiated ''[[kapha]]''. Therefore, measures that pacify ''[[kapha]]'' are beneficial for keeping the vision clear. Strong collyrium shall not be applied to the eyes during daytime as the eyes already weakened by drainage will get impaired further on exposure to sunshine. Therefore, the collyrium meant for cleansing drainage is indicated exclusively at night. [16-17]
===== Importance and benefits of collyrium application =====
===== Importance and benefits of collyrium application =====
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यथा हि कनकादीनां मलिनां विविधात्मनाम्||१८||
यथा हि कनकादीनां मलिनां विविधात्मनाम्||१८||
दृष्टिर्निराकुला भाति निर्मले नभसीन्दुवत्|२०|
दृष्टिर्निराकुला भाति निर्मले नभसीन्दुवत्|२०|
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Pathā hi kanakādīnāṁ malināṁ vividhātmanām||18||
Pathā hi kanakādīnāṁ malināṁ vividhātmanām||18||
dRuShTirnirAkulA bhAti nirmale nabhasInduvat|20|
dRuShTirnirAkulA bhAti nirmale nabhasInduvat|20|
</div></div>
Just as various kinds of tarnished gold-ornaments get cleansed by washing with oil, cloth and hairs.s also, by the use of salves, aspersions in the eyes, the vision of a person shines brightly like moon in the clear sky. [18-19]
Just as various kinds of tarnished gold-ornaments get cleansed by washing with oil, cloth and hairs.s also, by the use of salves, aspersions in the eyes, the vision of a person shines brightly like moon in the clear sky. [18-19]
===== 1. ''Prayogika [[dhumapana]]'' (therapeutic inhalation for prevention of disease) =====
===== 1. ''Prayogika [[dhumapana]]'' (therapeutic inhalation for prevention of disease) =====
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हरेणुकां प्रियङ्गुं च पृथ्वीकां केशरं नखम्||२०|
हरेणुकां प्रियङ्गुं च पृथ्वीकां केशरं नखम्||२०|
स्नेहाक्तामग्निसम्प्लुष्टां पिबेत् प्रायोगिकीं सुखाम्|२५|
स्नेहाक्तामग्निसम्प्लुष्टां पिबेत् प्रायोगिकीं सुखाम्|२५|
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Harēṇukāṁ priyaṅguṁ ca pr̥thvīkāṁ kēśaraṁ nakham||20||
Harēṇukāṁ priyaṅguṁ ca pr̥thvīkāṁ kēśaraṁ nakham||20||
snehAktAmagnisampluShTAM pibet prAyogikIM sukhAm|25|
snehAktAmagnisampluShTAM pibet prAyogikIM sukhAm|25|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Harenuka (Pisum sativum L. ), priyangu (Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl ),prithvika ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.), kesara(Crocus Sativus L.),nakha( Ipomoea Pes-tigridis L.), hribera (Plectranthus vettiveroides(Jacob)),chandana ( Santaum albus L.),patra (Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham)),tvak (Cinnamomum verum J.Presl),ela (Ellatoria cardamomum(L.) Maton), ushira (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty),padmaka (Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham.),dhyamaka (Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng.), madhuka ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), mansi ( Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don.) DC.),guggulu (Commiphora mukul(Hook.ex Stocks), aguru( Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.), sharkara( Dodecacarbon monodecahydrate ), good bark of nyagrodha(Ficus benghalensis L.), ashvattha (Ficus religiosa L.),plaksha (Ficus virens Aiton),lodhra (Symplocos racemose Roxb.),vanya (Boswellia serrata Roxb.ex Colebr), sarjarasa (Vateria indica L.),musta (Cyperus rotundus L.),shaileya (Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.)M.Choisy ),kamala (Mallotus philippensis (Lam.)),utpala(Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f.),sriveshtaka (Pinus roxburghii Sarg.),shallaki (Boswellia serrata Roxb.ex Colebr),Sukabarha – all these
Harenuka (Pisum sativum L. ), priyangu (Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl ),prithvika ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.), kesara(Crocus Sativus L.),nakha( Ipomoea Pes-tigridis L.), hribera (Plectranthus vettiveroides(Jacob)),chandana ( Santaum albus L.),patra (Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham)),tvak (Cinnamomum verum J.Presl),ela (Ellatoria cardamomum(L.) Maton), ushira (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty),padmaka (Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham.),dhyamaka (Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng.), madhuka ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), mansi ( Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don.) DC.),guggulu (Commiphora mukul(Hook.ex Stocks), aguru( Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.), sharkara( Dodecacarbon monodecahydrate ), good bark of nyagrodha(Ficus benghalensis L.), ashvattha (Ficus religiosa L.),plaksha (Ficus virens Aiton),lodhra (Symplocos racemose Roxb.),vanya (Boswellia serrata Roxb.ex Colebr), sarjarasa (Vateria indica L.),musta (Cyperus rotundus L.),shaileya (Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.)M.Choisy ),kamala (Mallotus philippensis (Lam.)),utpala(Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f.),sriveshtaka (Pinus roxburghii Sarg.),shallaki (Boswellia serrata Roxb.ex Colebr),Sukabarha – all these
===== 2. Snaihika dhumapana (inhalation of smoke with unctuous substances for reducing dryness) =====
===== 2. Snaihika dhumapana (inhalation of smoke with unctuous substances for reducing dryness) =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वसाघृतमधूच्छिष्टैर्युक्तियुक्तैर्वरौषधैः||२५||
वसाघृतमधूच्छिष्टैर्युक्तियुक्तैर्वरौषधैः||२५||
वर्तिं मधुरकैः कृत्वा स्नैहिकीं धूममाचरेत्|२६|
वर्तिं मधुरकैः कृत्वा स्नैहिकीं धूममाचरेत्|२६|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Vasāghr̥tamadhūcchiṣṭairyuktiyuktairvarauṣadhaiḥ||25||
Vasāghr̥tamadhūcchiṣṭairyuktiyuktairvarauṣadhaiḥ||25||
vartiM madhurakaiH kRutvA snaihikIM dhUmamAcaret|26|
vartiM madhurakaiH kRutvA snaihikIM dhUmamAcaret|26|
</div></div>
One should use a herbal cigar, prepared from animal fat, ghee and bee wax and should combine skillfully with the best of drugs belonging to the category of sweet taste, for unctuous smoke. [25-26]
One should use a herbal cigar, prepared from animal fat, ghee and bee wax and should combine skillfully with the best of drugs belonging to the category of sweet taste, for unctuous smoke. [25-26]
===== 3. Vairechanika dhumapana (inhalation of smoke with purgative substances for cleansing) =====
===== 3. Vairechanika dhumapana (inhalation of smoke with purgative substances for cleansing) =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
श्वेता ज्योतिष्मती चैव हरितालं मनःशिला||२६||
श्वेता ज्योतिष्मती चैव हरितालं मनःशिला||२६||
गन्धाश्चागुरुपत्राद्या धूमं मूर्धविरेचने |२७|
गन्धाश्चागुरुपत्राद्या धूमं मूर्धविरेचने |२७|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Śvētā jyōtiṣmatī caiva haritālaṁ manaḥśilā||26||
Śvētā jyōtiṣmatī caiva haritālaṁ manaḥśilā||26||
gandhAshcAgurupatrAdyA dhUmaM mUrdhavirecane |27|
gandhAshcAgurupatrAdyA dhUmaM mUrdhavirecane |27|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
One should smoke a cigar made of Shweta (Clitoria ternatea Linn.-white mussel shell creeper), Jyotishmati (Celastrus
One should smoke a cigar made of Shweta (Clitoria ternatea Linn.-white mussel shell creeper), Jyotishmati (Celastrus
===== Indications of [[dhumapana]] =====
===== Indications of [[dhumapana]] =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
गौरवं शिरसः शूलं पीनसार्धावभेदकौ||२७||
गौरवं शिरसः शूलं पीनसार्धावभेदकौ||२७||
धूमवक्त्रकपानस्य व्याधयः स्युः शिरोगताः|३३|
धूमवक्त्रकपानस्य व्याधयः स्युः शिरोगताः|३३|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Gauravaṁ śirasaḥ śūlaṁ pīnasārdhāvabhēdakau||27||
Gauravaṁ śirasaḥ śūlaṁ pīnasārdhāvabhēdakau||27||
dhUmavaktrakapAnasya [4] vyAdhayaH syuH shirogatAH|33|
dhUmavaktrakapAnasya [4] vyAdhayaH syuH shirogatAH|33|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
===== Proper times of administration of [[Dhumapana]] and=====
===== Proper times of administration of [[Dhumapana]] and=====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
प्रयोगपाने तस्याष्टौ कालाः सम्परिकीर्तिताः||३३||
प्रयोगपाने तस्याष्टौ कालाः सम्परिकीर्तिताः||३३||
परं द्विकाल पायी स्यादह्नः कालेषु बुद्धिमान्||३६||
परं द्विकाल पायी स्यादह्नः कालेषु बुद्धिमान्||३६||
प्रयोगे, स्नैहिके त्वेकं, वैरेच्यं त्रिचतुः पिबेत्|
प्रयोगे, स्नैहिके त्वेकं, वैरेच्यं त्रिचतुः पिबेत्|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Prayōgapānē tasyāṣṭau kālāḥ samparikīrtitāḥ||33||
Prayōgapānē tasyāṣṭau kālāḥ samparikīrtitāḥ||33||
paraM dvikAlapAyI syAdahnaH kAleShu buddhimAn||36||
paraM dvikAlapAyI syAdahnaH kAleShu buddhimAn||36||
prayoge, snaihike tvekaM, vairecyaM tricatuH pibet|
prayoge, snaihike tvekaM, vairecyaM tricatuH pibet|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Considering the time of aggravation of [[Vata]] and [[Kapha]] [[dosha]] in body, eight specific times of administration of medicated smoke have been prescribed for daily use.The self controlled man should resort to inhalation of smoke after taking bath, after scraping the tongue, after sneezing, after brushing the teeth, after [[nasya]], after the use of eye-salve/collyrium and at the end of sleep. Thereby, [[vata]] and [[kapha]] borne diseases affecting the body parts above the clavicle do not afflict him.
Considering the time of aggravation of [[Vata]] and [[Kapha]] [[dosha]] in body, eight specific times of administration of medicated smoke have been prescribed for daily use.The self controlled man should resort to inhalation of smoke after taking bath, after scraping the tongue, after sneezing, after brushing the teeth, after [[nasya]], after the use of eye-salve/collyrium and at the end of sleep. Thereby, [[vata]] and [[kapha]] borne diseases affecting the body parts above the clavicle do not afflict him.
===== Signs of proper [[dhumapana]] =====
===== Signs of proper [[dhumapana]] =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
हृत्कण्ठेन्द्रियसंशुद्धिर्लघुत्वं शिरसः शमः||३७||
हृत्कण्ठेन्द्रियसंशुद्धिर्लघुत्वं शिरसः शमः||३७||
यथेरितानां दोषाणां सम्यक्पीतस्य लक्षणम्|३८|
यथेरितानां दोषाणां सम्यक्पीतस्य लक्षणम्|३८|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
hr̥tkaṇṭhēndriyasaṁśuddhirlaghutvaṁ śirasaḥ śamaḥ||37||
hr̥tkaṇṭhēndriyasaṁśuddhirlaghutvaṁ śirasaḥ śamaḥ||37||
yatheritAnAM doShANAM samyakpItasya lakShaNam|38|
yatheritAnAM doShANAM samyakpItasya lakShaNam|38|
</div></div>
Feeling of well-being and clarity in ''hridaya'' (cardiac region), throat and senses, lightness of the head and pacification of the vitiated [[dosha]] are the signs of proper [[dhumapana]]. [36-38]
Feeling of well-being and clarity in ''hridaya'' (cardiac region), throat and senses, lightness of the head and pacification of the vitiated [[dosha]] are the signs of proper [[dhumapana]]. [36-38]
===== Complications due to excess [[dhumapana]] and their management =====
===== Complications due to excess [[dhumapana]] and their management =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
बाधिर्यमान्ध्यमूकत्वं रक्तपित्तं शिरोभ्रमम्||३८||
बाधिर्यमान्ध्यमूकत्वं रक्तपित्तं शिरोभ्रमम्||३८||
स्नैहिकं धूमजे दोषे वायुः पित्तानुगो यदि|
स्नैहिकं धूमजे दोषे वायुः पित्तानुगो यदि|
शीतं तु रक्तपित्ते स्याच्छ्लेष्मपित्ते विरूक्षणम्||४०||
शीतं तु रक्तपित्ते स्याच्छ्लेष्मपित्ते विरूक्षणम्||४०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Bādhiryamāndhyamūkatvaṁ raktapittaṁ śirōbhramam||38||
Bādhiryamāndhyamūkatvaṁ raktapittaṁ śirōbhramam||38||
snaihikaM dhUmaje doShe vAyuH pittAnugo yadi|
snaihikaM dhUmaje doShe vAyuH pittAnugo yadi|
shItaM tu raktapitte syAcchleShmapitte virUkShaNam||40||
shItaM tu raktapitte syAcchleShmapitte virUkShaNam||40||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Untimely or excessive smoking causes complications like deafness, blindness, dumbness, [[raktapitta]] (hemorrhagic disorder – bleeding from nose), and giddiness. In such conditions intake of [[ghee]] is desirable.
Untimely or excessive smoking causes complications like deafness, blindness, dumbness, [[raktapitta]] (hemorrhagic disorder – bleeding from nose), and giddiness. In such conditions intake of [[ghee]] is desirable.
===== Contraindications of [[dhumapana]] =====
===== Contraindications of [[dhumapana]] =====
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परं त्वतः प्रवक्ष्यामि धूमो येषां विगर्हितः|
परं त्वतः प्रवक्ष्यामि धूमो येषां विगर्हितः|
रोगास्तस्य प्रवर्धन्ते दारुणा धूमविभ्रमात्|४६|
रोगास्तस्य प्रवर्धन्ते दारुणा धूमविभ्रमात्|४६|
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Paraṁ tvataḥ pravakṣyāmi dhūmō yēṣāṁ vigarhitaḥ|
Paraṁ tvataḥ pravakṣyāmi dhūmō yēṣāṁ vigarhitaḥ|
rogAstasya pravardhante dAruNA dhUmavibhramAt|46|
rogAstasya pravardhante dAruNA dhUmavibhramAt|46|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Now I will explain the persons in whom smoking is contra-indicated: One who has followed [[virechana]] (therapeutic purgation), [[basti]] (therapeutic enema), a person who has disorders of [[rakta]], who is afflicted with poison, one who is in grief, during pregnancy, one who is fatigued, one who is intoxicated, one suffering from disorders of [[ama]] or [[pitta]], one who has had a sleepless night, one suffering from fainting, giddiness, thirst, emaciation or trauma, one who has just taken wine, milk, unctuous beverage or honey, one who has taken food along with curd, one who is afflicted with dryness, anger, dryness of the palate, [[timira]], head-injury, [[shankhaka]], [[rohini]], [[meha]](obstinate urinary disorders) or alcoholism. If a person, out of ignorance, smokes in these instances or in an untimely condition, his disorders will aggravate dreadfully due to complications of [[dhumapana]]. [41-46]
Now I will explain the persons in whom smoking is contra-indicated: One who has followed [[virechana]] (therapeutic purgation), [[basti]] (therapeutic enema), a person who has disorders of [[rakta]], who is afflicted with poison, one who is in grief, during pregnancy, one who is fatigued, one who is intoxicated, one suffering from disorders of [[ama]] or [[pitta]], one who has had a sleepless night, one suffering from fainting, giddiness, thirst, emaciation or trauma, one who has just taken wine, milk, unctuous beverage or honey, one who has taken food along with curd, one who is afflicted with dryness, anger, dryness of the palate, [[timira]], head-injury, [[shankhaka]], [[rohini]], [[meha]](obstinate urinary disorders) or alcoholism. If a person, out of ignorance, smokes in these instances or in an untimely condition, his disorders will aggravate dreadfully due to complications of [[dhumapana]]. [41-46]
===== Method of [[dhumapana]] (smoke inhalation) =====
===== Method of [[dhumapana]] (smoke inhalation) =====
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धूमयोग्यः पिबेद्दोषे शिरोघ्राणाक्षिसंश्रये||४६||
धूमयोग्यः पिबेद्दोषे शिरोघ्राणाक्षिसंश्रये||४६||
पिबेच्छिद्रं पिधायैकं नासया धूममात्मवान्|४९|
पिबेच्छिद्रं पिधायैकं नासया धूममात्मवान्|४९|
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Dhūmayōgyaḥ pibēddōṣē śirōghrāṇākṣisaṁśrayē||46||
Dhūmayōgyaḥ pibēddōṣē śirōghrāṇākṣisaṁśrayē||46||
pibecchidraM pidhAyaikaM nAsayA dhUmamAtmavAn|49|
pibecchidraM pidhAyaikaM nAsayA dhUmamAtmavAn|49|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
The person eligible for [[dhumapana]] should inhale the smoke through nose in case of diseases of the head, nose and eye. [[Dhumapana]] is advised through mouth in case of diseases of throat. The person who has inhaled smoke through the nose shall exhale it by the mouth, but should not exhale it through nose, because the smoke traversing in the reverse direction injures the eyes quickly.
The person eligible for [[dhumapana]] should inhale the smoke through nose in case of diseases of the head, nose and eye. [[Dhumapana]] is advised through mouth in case of diseases of throat. The person who has inhaled smoke through the nose shall exhale it by the mouth, but should not exhale it through nose, because the smoke traversing in the reverse direction injures the eyes quickly.
===== Dhuma netra (nozzle of smoking pipe) =====
===== Dhuma netra (nozzle of smoking pipe) =====
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चतुर्विंशतिकं नेत्रं स्वाङ्गुलीभिर्विरेचने||४९||
चतुर्विंशतिकं नेत्रं स्वाङ्गुलीभिर्विरेचने||४९||
बस्तिनेत्रसमद्रव्यं धूमनेत्रं प्रशस्यते|५१|
बस्तिनेत्रसमद्रव्यं धूमनेत्रं प्रशस्यते|५१|
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Caturviṁśatikaṁ nētraṁ svāṅgulībhirvirēcanē||49||
Caturviṁśatikaṁ nētraṁ svāṅgulībhirvirēcanē||49||
bastinetrasamadravyaM dhUmanetraM prashasyate|51|
bastinetrasamadravyaM dhUmanetraM prashasyate|51|
</div></div>
For the smoke inhalation for errhine purpose, the smoking pipe should be of the length twenty-four fingers breadth, measuring with one’s own finger;
For the smoke inhalation for errhine purpose, the smoking pipe should be of the length twenty-four fingers breadth, measuring with one’s own finger;
The smoking pipe recommended the most is a straight one having three knots/bulges, having the proximal caliber of the size of a ziziphus-stone and is made of the same materials as those of the [[basti]] nozzle. [49-51]
The smoking pipe recommended the most is a straight one having three knots/bulges, having the proximal caliber of the size of a ziziphus-stone and is made of the same materials as those of the [[basti]] nozzle. [49-51]
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दूराद्विनिर्गतः पर्वच्छिन्नो नाडीतनूकृतः||५१||
दूराद्विनिर्गतः पर्वच्छिन्नो नाडीतनूकृतः||५१||
नेन्द्रियं बाधते धूमो मात्राकालनिषेवितः|५२|
नेन्द्रियं बाधते धूमो मात्राकालनिषेवितः|५२|
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Dūrādvinirgataḥ parvacchinnō nāḍītanūkr̥taḥ||51||
Dūrādvinirgataḥ parvacchinnō nāḍītanūkr̥taḥ||51||
nendriyaM bAdhate dhUmo mAtrAkAlaniShevitaH|52|
nendriyaM bAdhate dhUmo mAtrAkAlaniShevitaH|52|
</div></div>
The smoke which comes from a distance, intercepted by the knots/bulges and attenuated by passing through the tapering pipe, taken with due consideration of dose and time does not impair the senses. [51-52]
The smoke which comes from a distance, intercepted by the knots/bulges and attenuated by passing through the tapering pipe, taken with due consideration of dose and time does not impair the senses. [51-52]
===== Effects of less, proper & excess [[Dhumapana]] (smoke inhalation) =====
===== Effects of less, proper & excess [[Dhumapana]] (smoke inhalation) =====
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यदा चोरश्च कण्ठश्च शिरश्च लघुतां व्रजेत्||५२||
यदा चोरश्च कण्ठश्च शिरश्च लघुतां व्रजेत्||५२||
शिरश्च भ्रमतेऽत्यर्थं मूर्च्छा चास्योपजायते||५५||
शिरश्च भ्रमतेऽत्यर्थं मूर्च्छा चास्योपजायते||५५||
इन्द्रियाण्युपतप्यन्ते धूमेऽत्यर्थं निषेविते|५६|
इन्द्रियाण्युपतप्यन्ते धूमेऽत्यर्थं निषेविते|५६|
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Yadā cōraśca kaṇṭhaśca śiraśca laghutāṁ vrajēt||52||
Yadā cōraśca kaṇṭhaśca śiraśca laghutāṁ vrajēt||52||
stimito mastakashcaivamapItaM dhUmamAdishet|
stimito mastakashcaivamapItaM dhUmamAdishet|
tAlu mUrdhA ca kaNThashca shuShyate paritapyate||54||
tAlu mUrdhA ca kaNThashca shuShyate paritapyate||54||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
When the chest, throat and head feel light and the [[kapha]] is liquefied, it is said to be a correct smoking.
When the chest, throat and head feel light and the [[kapha]] is liquefied, it is said to be a correct smoking.
==== [[Nasya]] therapy (nasal errhines), indications and benefits ====
==== [[Nasya]] therapy (nasal errhines), indications and benefits ====
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वर्षे वर्षेऽणुतैलं च कालेषु त्रिषु ना चरेत्||५६||
वर्षे वर्षेऽणुतैलं च कालेषु त्रिषु ना चरेत्||५६||
जीर्यतश्चोत्तमाङ्गेषु जरा न लभते बलम्|६३|
जीर्यतश्चोत्तमाङ्गेषु जरा न लभते बलम्|६३|
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Varṣē varṣē'ṇutailaṁ ca kālēṣu triṣu nā carēt||56||
Varṣē varṣē'ṇutailaṁ ca kālēṣu triṣu nā carēt||56||
jIryatashcottamA~ggeShu jarA na labhate balam|63|
jIryatashcottamA~ggeShu jarA na labhate balam|63|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
===== Anu taila (Preparation of Anu oil), its dose and method of administration =====
===== Anu taila (Preparation of Anu oil), its dose and method of administration =====
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चन्दनागुरुणी पत्रं दार्वीत्वङ्मधुकं बलाम्||६३||
चन्दनागुरुणी पत्रं दार्वीत्वङ्मधुकं बलाम्||६३||
प्रयुञ्जानो यथाकालं यथोक्तानश्नुते गुणान्|७१|
प्रयुञ्जानो यथाकालं यथोक्तानश्नुते गुणान्|७१|
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Candanāguruṇī patraṁ dārvītvaṅmadhukaṁ balām||63||
Candanāguruṇī patraṁ dārvītvaṅmadhukaṁ balām||63||
prayu~jjAno yathAkAlaM yathoktAnashnute guNAn|71|
prayu~jjAno yathAkAlaM yathoktAnashnute guNAn|71|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
==== Oral hygiene: Method of cleaning teeth, tongue and directions for tooth brush use ====
==== Oral hygiene: Method of cleaning teeth, tongue and directions for tooth brush use ====
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आपोथिताग्रं द्वौ कालौ कषायकटुतिक्तकम्||७१||
आपोथिताग्रं द्वौ कालौ कषायकटुतिक्तकम्||७१||
दौर्गन्ध्यं भजते तेन तस्माज्जिह्वां विनिर्लिखेत्|७६|
दौर्गन्ध्यं भजते तेन तस्माज्जिह्वां विनिर्लिखेत्|७६|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Āpōthitāgraṁ dvau kālau kaṣāyakaṭutiktakam||71||
Āpōthitāgraṁ dvau kālau kaṣāyakaṭutiktakam||71||
daurgandhyaM bhajate tena tasmAjjihvAM vinirlikhet|76|
daurgandhyaM bhajate tena tasmAjjihvAM vinirlikhet|76|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
One should clean the teeth with a green twig having a crushed end and of astringent, pungent or bitter taste, twice a day without injuring the gums. This removes halitosis, dysgeusia, induces taste for food by removing the impurities from the tongue, the mouth and the teeth, and cleans the teeth instantaneously. Karanja (Pongamia pinnata Pierre-Indian beech), karavira (Nerium indicum Mill-Indian oleander), arka (Calotropis gigantean Linn -madar), malati (Aganosma dichotoma Roth-Arabian jasmine), arjuna (Terminalia arjuna Roxb), asana (Terminalia tomentosa W&A-spinout kini-tree) and such other trees are recommended for use in teeth-cleansing.
One should clean the teeth with a green twig having a crushed end and of astringent, pungent or bitter taste, twice a day without injuring the gums. This removes halitosis, dysgeusia, induces taste for food by removing the impurities from the tongue, the mouth and the teeth, and cleans the teeth instantaneously. Karanja (Pongamia pinnata Pierre-Indian beech), karavira (Nerium indicum Mill-Indian oleander), arka (Calotropis gigantean Linn -madar), malati (Aganosma dichotoma Roth-Arabian jasmine), arjuna (Terminalia arjuna Roxb), asana (Terminalia tomentosa W&A-spinout kini-tree) and such other trees are recommended for use in teeth-cleansing.
===== Mouth fresheners =====
===== Mouth fresheners =====
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धार्याण्यास्येन वैशद्यरुचिसौगन्ध्यमिच्छता||७६||
धार्याण्यास्येन वैशद्यरुचिसौगन्ध्यमिच्छता||७६||
कक्कोलस्य फलं पत्रं ताम्बूलस्य शुभं तथा|
कक्कोलस्य फलं पत्रं ताम्बूलस्य शुभं तथा|
तथा कर्पूरनिर्यासः सूक्ष्मैलायाः फलानि च||७७||
तथा कर्पूरनिर्यासः सूक्ष्मैलायाः फलानि च||७७||
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Dhāryāṇyāsyēna vaiśadyarucisaugandhyamicchatā||76||
Dhāryāṇyāsyēna vaiśadyarucisaugandhyamicchatā||76||
kakkolasya phalaM patraM tAmbUlasya shubhaM tathA|
kakkolasya phalaM patraM tAmbUlasya shubhaM tathA|
tathA karpUraniryAsaH sUkShmailAyAH phalAni ca||77||
tathA karpUraniryAsaH sUkShmailAyAH phalAni ca||77||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
One, desirous of securing cleanliness, taste and fragrance should keep jati (Myristica fragrans Hoult.-nutmeg), katuka (Hibiscuss abelmoschus Linn.-musk-mellow), puga (Areca catechu Linn.-betel-nut), lavanga (Syzygium aromaticum Merrill & Perry-cloves), kankola (Piper cubeba Linn.-cubeb-pepper seed), tambula (betel-leaves), karpura (Cinnamomum camphora Nees & Eberm.-camphor), and sukshma ela (small cardamom) in the mouth. [76-77]
One, desirous of securing cleanliness, taste and fragrance should keep jati (Myristica fragrans Hoult.-nutmeg), katuka (Hibiscuss abelmoschus Linn.-musk-mellow), puga (Areca catechu Linn.-betel-nut), lavanga (Syzygium aromaticum Merrill & Perry-cloves), kankola (Piper cubeba Linn.-cubeb-pepper seed), tambula (betel-leaves), karpura (Cinnamomum camphora Nees & Eberm.-camphor), and sukshma ela (small cardamom) in the mouth. [76-77]
===== Directions of [[Gandusha]] (Oil gargling) and its benefits =====
===== Directions of [[Gandusha]] (Oil gargling) and its benefits =====
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हन्वोर्बलं स्वरबलं वदनोपचयः परः|
हन्वोर्बलं स्वरबलं वदनोपचयः परः|
न शूल्यन्ते न चाम्लेन हृष्यन्ते भक्षयन्ति च|
न शूल्यन्ते न चाम्लेन हृष्यन्ते भक्षयन्ति च|
परानपि खरान् भक्ष्यांस्तैलगण्डूषधारणात्||८०||
परानपि खरान् भक्ष्यांस्तैलगण्डूषधारणात्||८०||
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Hanvōrbalaṁ svarabalaṁ vadanōpacayaḥ paraḥ|
Hanvōrbalaṁ svarabalaṁ vadanōpacayaḥ paraḥ|
na shUlyante na cAmlena hRuShyante bhakShayanti ca|
na shUlyante na cAmlena hRuShyante bhakShayanti ca|
parAnapi kharAn bhakShyAMstailagaNDUShadhAraNAt||80||
parAnapi kharAn bhakShyAMstailagaNDUShadhAraNAt||80||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Oil-gargling imparts strength to the jaws, strength to the voice and excellent plumpness/flabbiness to the face, excellent gustatory sensation and good taste for food. One does not suffer from the dryness of the throat, or from the fear of the lips getting chafed. One’s teeth do not become carious, instead become firmly rooted and do not ache nor are they set on edge by sour intake but become strong enough to chew even the hardest eatables. [78-80]
Oil-gargling imparts strength to the jaws, strength to the voice and excellent plumpness/flabbiness to the face, excellent gustatory sensation and good taste for food. One does not suffer from the dryness of the throat, or from the fear of the lips getting chafed. One’s teeth do not become carious, instead become firmly rooted and do not ache nor are they set on edge by sour intake but become strong enough to chew even the hardest eatables. [78-80]
===== Directions, indications and benefits of [[abhyanga]] (head massage and body massage) =====
===== Directions, indications and benefits of [[abhyanga]] (head massage and body massage) =====
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नित्यं स्नेहार्द्रशिरसः शिरःशूलं न जायते|
नित्यं स्नेहार्द्रशिरसः शिरःशूलं न जायते|
सुस्पर्शोपचिताङ्गश्च बलवान् प्रियदर्शनः|
सुस्पर्शोपचिताङ्गश्च बलवान् प्रियदर्शनः|
भवत्यभ्यङ्गनित्यत्वान्नरोऽल्पजर एव च||८९||
भवत्यभ्यङ्गनित्यत्वान्नरोऽल्पजर एव च||८९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Nityaṁ snēhārdraśirasaḥ śiraḥśūlaṁ na jāyatē|
Nityaṁ snēhārdraśirasaḥ śiraḥśūlaṁ na jāyatē|
susparshopacitA~ggashca balavAn priyadarshanaH|
susparshopacitA~ggashca balavAn priyadarshanaH|
bhavatyabhya~gganityatvAnnaro~alpajara eva ca||89||
bhavatyabhya~gganityatvAnnaro~alpajara eva ca||89||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
One who has got his head daily well oleated alleviates head-ache, premature graying, and alopecia, while strengthening the cranial bones significantly. Hair roots become stronger, senses become clearer, the facial skin becomes smoother and the person gets sound sleep and happiness.
One who has got his head daily well oleated alleviates head-ache, premature graying, and alopecia, while strengthening the cranial bones significantly. Hair roots become stronger, senses become clearer, the facial skin becomes smoother and the person gets sound sleep and happiness.
===== Directions and benefits of foot massage =====
===== Directions and benefits of foot massage =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
खरत्वं स्तब्धता रौक्ष्यं श्रमः सुप्तिश्च पादयोः|
खरत्वं स्तब्धता रौक्ष्यं श्रमः सुप्तिश्च पादयोः|
न च स्याद्गृध्रसीवातः पादयोः स्फुटनं न च|
न च स्याद्गृध्रसीवातः पादयोः स्फुटनं न च|
न सिरास्नायुसङ्कोचः पादाभ्यङ्गेन पादयोः||९२||
न सिरास्नायुसङ्कोचः पादाभ्यङ्गेन पादयोः||९२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Kharatvaṁ stabdhatā raukṣyaṁ śramaḥ suptiśca pādayōḥ|
Kharatvaṁ stabdhatā raukṣyaṁ śramaḥ suptiśca pādayōḥ|
na ca syAdgRudhrasIvAtaH pAdayoH sphuTanaM na ca|
na ca syAdgRudhrasIvAtaH pAdayoH sphuTanaM na ca|
na sirAsnAyusa~gkocaH pAdAbhya~ggena pAdayoH||92||
na sirAsnAyusa~gkocaH pAdAbhya~ggena pAdayoH||92||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
The roughness, stiffness, dryness, fatigue and numbness of feet are alleviated by massaging the legs. The legs attain gentleness, strength, firmness, the eyes attain brightness, and the [[vata]] is pacified. Foot massage also prevents [[grudhrasi]](sciatica), fissures in the feet, contraction of the muscles, and blood vessels of legs. [90-92]
The roughness, stiffness, dryness, fatigue and numbness of feet are alleviated by massaging the legs. The legs attain gentleness, strength, firmness, the eyes attain brightness, and the [[vata]] is pacified. Foot massage also prevents [[grudhrasi]](sciatica), fissures in the feet, contraction of the muscles, and blood vessels of legs. [90-92]
==== [[Snana]] (bath) and its benefits ====
==== [[Snana]] (bath) and its benefits ====
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दौर्गन्ध्यं गौरवं तन्द्रां कण्डूं मलमरोचकम्|
दौर्गन्ध्यं गौरवं तन्द्रां कण्डूं मलमरोचकम्|
पवित्रं वृष्यमायुष्यं श्रमस्वेदमलापहम् |
पवित्रं वृष्यमायुष्यं श्रमस्वेदमलापहम् |
शरीरबलसन्धानं स्नानमोजस्करं परम्||९४||
शरीरबलसन्धानं स्नानमोजस्करं परम्||९४||
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Daurgandhyaṁ gauravaṁ tandrāṁ kaṇḍūṁ malamarōcakam|
Daurgandhyaṁ gauravaṁ tandrāṁ kaṇḍūṁ malamarōcakam|
pavitraM vRuShyamAyuShyaM shramasvedamalApaham |
pavitraM vRuShyamAyuShyaM shramasvedamalApaham |
sharIrabalasandhAnaM snAnamojaskaraM param||94||
sharIrabalasandhAnaM snAnamojaskaraM param||94||
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Wiping of body removes body fetor, heaviness, fatigue, itching, dirt, anorexia and loathsomeness due to sweating.
Wiping of body removes body fetor, heaviness, fatigue, itching, dirt, anorexia and loathsomeness due to sweating.
==== Virtues of proper attire ====
==== Virtues of proper attire ====
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काम्यं यशस्यमायुष्यमलक्ष्मीघ्नं प्रहर्षणम्|
काम्यं यशस्यमायुष्यमलक्ष्मीघ्नं प्रहर्षणम्|
स्खलतः सम्प्रतिष्ठानं शत्रूणां च निषूदनम्|
स्खलतः सम्प्रतिष्ठानं शत्रूणां च निषूदनम्|
अवष्टम्भनमायुष्यं भयघ्नं दण्डधारणम्||१०२||
अवष्टम्भनमायुष्यं भयघ्नं दण्डधारणम्||१०२||
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Kāmyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyamalakṣmīghnaṁ praharṣaṇam|
Kāmyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyamalakṣmīghnaṁ praharṣaṇam|
skhalataH sampratiShThAnaM shatrUNAM ca niShUdanam|
skhalataH sampratiShThAnaM shatrUNAM ca niShUdanam|
avaShTambhanamAyuShyaM bhayaghnaM daNDadhAraNam||102||
avaShTambhanamAyuShyaM bhayaghnaM daNDadhAraNam||102||
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<div style="text-align:justify;">
The wearing of clean apparel enhances charm and personality of an individual, is promotive of longevity, preventive of bad-luck/inauspiciousness, brings about pleasure, is decorative, makes competent to participate in conferences and is commendable.
The wearing of clean apparel enhances charm and personality of an individual, is promotive of longevity, preventive of bad-luck/inauspiciousness, brings about pleasure, is decorative, makes competent to participate in conferences and is commendable.
==== Importance of vigilance in self care ====
==== Importance of vigilance in self care ====
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नगरी नगरस्येव रथस्येव रथी यथा|
नगरी नगरस्येव रथस्येव रथी यथा|
स्वशरीरस्य मेधावी कृत्येष्ववहितो भवेत्||१०३||
स्वशरीरस्य मेधावी कृत्येष्ववहितो भवेत्||१०३||
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Nagarī nagarasyēva rathasyēva rathī yathā|
Nagarī nagarasyēva rathasyēva rathī yathā|
nagarI nagarasyeva rathasyeva rathI yathA|
nagarI nagarasyeva rathasyeva rathI yathA|
svasharIrasya medhAvI kRutyeShvavahito bhavet||103||
svasharIrasya medhAvI kRutyeShvavahito bhavet||103||
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Like the lord of a city in the affairs of his city, and a charioteer in the management of his chariot, so should a wise man be ever vigilant in the caring of his own body. [103]
Like the lord of a city in the affairs of his city, and a charioteer in the management of his chariot, so should a wise man be ever vigilant in the caring of his own body. [103]
==== Summary ====
==== Summary ====
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भवति चात्र-
भवति चात्र-
वृत्त्युपायान्निषेवेत ये स्युर्धर्माविरोधिनः|
वृत्त्युपायान्निषेवेत ये स्युर्धर्माविरोधिनः|
शममध्ययनं चैव सुखमेवं समश्नुते||१०४||
शममध्ययनं चैव सुखमेवं समश्नुते||१०४||
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Bhavati cātra-
Bhavati cātra-
vRuttyupAyAnniSheveta ye syurdharmAvirodhinaH|
vRuttyupAyAnniSheveta ye syurdharmAvirodhinaH|
shamamadhyayanaM caiva sukhamevaM samashnute||104||
shamamadhyayanaM caiva sukhamevaM samashnute||104||
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Here is a verse again-
Here is a verse again-
One should have recourse to such means of livelihood as are not contrary to the dictates of religion, and should be devoted to peace and studies. Living thus, one attains happiness. [104]
One should have recourse to such means of livelihood as are not contrary to the dictates of religion, and should be devoted to peace and studies. Living thus, one attains happiness. [104]
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तत्र श्लोकाः-
तत्र श्लोकाः-
शौचे संहरणे लोम्नां पादत्रच्छत्रधारणे|
शौचे संहरणे लोम्नां पादत्रच्छत्रधारणे|
गुणा मात्राशितीयेऽस्मिंस्तथोक्ता दण्डधारणे||१११||
गुणा मात्राशितीयेऽस्मिंस्तथोक्ता दण्डधारणे||१११||
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Tatra ślōkāḥ-
Tatra ślōkāḥ-
shauce saMharaNe lomnAM pAdatracchatradhAraNe|
shauce saMharaNe lomnAM pAdatracchatradhAraNe|
guNA mAtrAshitIye~asmiMstathoktA [2] daNDadhAraNe||111||
guNA mAtrAshitIye~asmiMstathoktA [2] daNDadhAraNe||111||
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Here are the verses:
Here are the verses: