Changes

Thus ends the fourteenth chapter on sudation in the [[Sutra Sthana]] of treatise written by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak.[14]

Thus ends the fourteenth chapter on sudation in the [[Sutra Sthana]] of treatise written by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak.[14]

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' / Fundamental Principles ===

*Sudation is a procedure applied to remove stiffness, heaviness and cold. It induces sweating by causing vasodilatation. It is indicated after oleation in most diseases.  

*Sudation is a procedure applied to remove stiffness, heaviness and cold. It induces sweating by causing vasodilatation. It is indicated after oleation in most diseases.  

*''Swedana'' is contraindicated in conditions where bleeding, circulatory failure, dehydration, hypotension and neuropathy are likely to occur. ''Swedana'' is absolutely contraindicated in patients with generalized debility and in comatosed patients.

*''Swedana'' is contraindicated in conditions where bleeding, circulatory failure, dehydration, hypotension and neuropathy are likely to occur. ''Swedana'' is absolutely contraindicated in patients with generalized debility and in comatosed patients.

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' /Applied Inferences ===

''Swedana'' should only be administered following a proper ''snehana'' (unless indicated otherwise). On application of unctuous substances like ''taila'' on various body parts, ''sweda'' forms an intervening viscous layer between the skin and the immediate environment prior to transdermal drug absorption. Thus the heat lost through sudation, along with large amounts of fluid and a marginal amount of Na+ and Cl- ions through radiation / conduction / convection / evaporation (which could potentially impair thermoregulation or cause hypothermia) does not happen too rapidly. Also, the procedure of ''swedana'' promotes the transdermal absorption of the ''sneha'' by inducing peripheral vasodilatation. However, environmental humidity and the duration of ''swedana'' procedure has to be strictly monitored, as exposure to small rise in temperature for a prolonged time can have a greater impact (more evaporation) than exposure to high temperature for a short time in a humid atmosphere<ref name="ref1">Cabanae, M., (2006), Journal of Applied Physiology, 100, Adjustable set point, 1338 – 1346.</ref>. Hence ''yathavath prayojithaihi'' has been written expressly to denote the optimal exposure to ''swedana''.

''Swedana'' should only be administered following a proper ''snehana'' (unless indicated otherwise). On application of unctuous substances like ''taila'' on various body parts, ''sweda'' forms an intervening viscous layer between the skin and the immediate environment prior to transdermal drug absorption. Thus the heat lost through sudation, along with large amounts of fluid and a marginal amount of Na+ and Cl- ions through radiation / conduction / convection / evaporation (which could potentially impair thermoregulation or cause hypothermia) does not happen too rapidly. Also, the procedure of ''swedana'' promotes the transdermal absorption of the ''sneha'' by inducing peripheral vasodilatation. However, environmental humidity and the duration of ''swedana'' procedure has to be strictly monitored, as exposure to small rise in temperature for a prolonged time can have a greater impact (more evaporation) than exposure to high temperature for a short time in a humid atmosphere<ref name="ref1">Cabanae, M., (2006), Journal of Applied Physiology, 100, Adjustable set point, 1338 – 1346.</ref>. Hence ''yathavath prayojithaihi'' has been written expressly to denote the optimal exposure to ''swedana''.