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Line 23: − − === Abstract === − <div style="text-align:justify;"> − The ''Ashtauninditiyam'' is the first chapter of the ''Yojana Chatushka'' (tetrad on management protocol) within the [[Sutra Sthana]]. It deals with the interrelationships of diseases and drugs that depend upon the physical constitution of an individual. This chapter talks about eight undesirable physical constitutions that require special attention during any course of treatment and then focuses on features that are extreme and undesirable - morbid obesity and extreme emaciation. The reader of this chapter would expect to learn about these two conditions, their causative factors, signs and symptoms, and ways of effective management. A special emphasis has also been given to the merits of sleep, qualities or characteristics that define a “good sleep” and the demerits of sleep related disorders. − </div> − '''Keywords''': ''Atisthaulya, Atikarshya,'' Morbid obesity, Hereditary and genetic Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Sleep(''Nidra''), Insomnia(''Anidra'')
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<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 21. Eight Undesirable Physical Constitutions'''</big>
<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 21. Eight Undesirable Physical Constitutions '''</big>
<big>'''Abstract'''</big>
<div style="text-align:justify;">This is the first chapter of tetrad on guidelines on management of diseases. After enlisting eight undesirable physical appearances based on the criteria like body height, body mass, complexion and presence of hairs. The extreme presence or absence of these parameters leads to undesirable physical appearances. The most commonly observed conditions in the society like morbid obesity and extreme emaciation are described in details with their causative factors, signs and symptoms, and ways of effective management. In etio-pathogenesis of these disorders, sleep is the second most important cause after diet. Therefore a special emphasis is given on the merits of sleep, qualities or characteristics that define a “good sleep” and the demerits of sleep related disorders. </div>
'''Keywords''': ''Atisthaulya, Atikarshya,'' Morbid obesity, Hereditary and genetic Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Sleep(''Nidra''), Insomnia(''Anidra'')
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=== Introduction ===
=== Introduction ===