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Line 1,158: + + + + + + + + + + + + − CONDITION SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS (besides excessive urination and thirst) LAB TESTS − Dehydration Sudden weight loss, dark urine (decreased, not increased urination) Decreased 24-hour urine; in mild and moderate dehydration: normal blood sodium; in severe dehydration: increased blood sodium − Heat exhaustion or heat stroke − Exhaustion, cool, clammy skin, increased body temperature (in heat stroke: warm skin, body T > 105.8 °F or 41 °C) Decreased 24-hour urine − Diabetes mellitus Hunger or poor appetite, weight loss, extreme fatigue, blurred vision, jock itch, diabetes in family Increased glucose levels in the blood and urine − Diabetes insipidus (central and nephrogenic) History of brain trauma, surgery or tumor, or a kidney disease Decreased urine specific gravity and osmolality, increased blood sodium − Diuretics Dry mouth Decreased urine specific gravity − Psychogenic polydipsia − Usually in individuals with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics Increased 24-hour urine, decreased urine specific gravity and osmolality, sometimes: decreased blood sodium − Adrenal hyperactivity (hyperaldosteronism) Increased blood pressure Decreased blood potassium, increased urine potassium, increased blood aldosterone after sodium challenge − Anorexia nervosa Severely decreased body weight Mineral and vitamin deficiencies (hypokalemia, low iron, etc.) − Postural (orthostatic) hypotension Dizziness after raising up, Drop of blood pressure > 30 mm Hg upon standing Nothing typical − Hypertension Increased blood pressure Possible increase of blood aldosterone, renin − Anemia Paleness, fatigue, hyperventilation Decreased RBC or abnormal erythrocytes − Congestive heart failure Chest pain, swollen legs ECG abnormalities − Liver cirrhosis History of alcoholism, poor appetite, loss of weight, spider nevuses Decreased serum proteins (albumin), increased liver enzymes and bilirubin − Chronic dry mouth (xerostomia) in Sjögren’s syndrome and SLE Rash, joint pain Specific antibodies in the blood − Shock (hypovolemic, septic, anaphylactic) Cool, clammy skin, increased heart rate; in late shock: lethargy, low blood pressure Septic shock: increased or decreased white blood cells (WBC), increased blood glucose − Ecstasy (MDMA), cocaine, marijuana Euphoria Positive urine drug test − Opiates (morphine, heroin) Sleepiness Positive urine drug test − − − −
→Table 1: Condition with morbid thirst and diagnostic tests
|Sudden weight loss, dark urine (decreased, not increased urination)
|Sudden weight loss, dark urine (decreased, not increased urination)
|Decreased 24-hour urine; in mild and moderate dehydration: normal blood sodium; in severe dehydration: increased blood sodium
|Decreased 24-hour urine; in mild and moderate dehydration: normal blood sodium; in severe dehydration: increased blood sodium
|-
!scope = "row"| Heat exhaustion or heat stroke
|Exhaustion, cool, clammy skin, increased body temperature (in heat stroke: warm skin, body T > 105.8 °F or 41 °C)
|Decreased 24-hour urine
|-
!scope = "row"| Diabetes mellitus
|Hunger or poor appetite, weight loss, extreme fatigue, blurred vision, jock itch, diabetes in family
|Increased glucose levels in the blood and urine
|-
!scope = "row"| Diabetes insipidus (central and nephrogenic)
|History of brain trauma, surgery or tumor, or a kidney disease
|Decreased urine specific gravity and osmolality, increased blood sodium
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Laboratory Tests:
Laboratory Tests: