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==([[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 26, Chapter on the Management of ''Trimarma'' (i.e., Cardiovascular system, Cerebrovascular system, and Renal system)==

==[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 26, Chapter on the Management of ''Tri marma'' (diseases of three vital organs) ==

=== Abstract ===  

=== Abstract ===  

This chapter highlights the importance of ''trimarma'' (three vital areas, viz, cardiovascular system, cerebrovascular system and renal system) and treatment of their diseases. There are one hundred seven vital points (''marma'') on the body which when injured cause disease, disability or death. Three of these ''marma'' are located in ''hridaya'' (heart), ''shira'' (head) and ''basti'' (urinary bladder). Impairment of these three ''marma'' can cause life threatening conditions in cardio-vascular system, cerebrovascular system and urinary system respectively. An internal relationship exists between these ''marma'' and respective body systems. Disease of one system affects the functioning of the other. The disease conditions caused by impairment of these three ''marma'' account for higher mortality and morbidity in society. The present chapter deals with etiology, signs and symptoms, classification, principles of treatment for the diseases pertaining to these three ''marma''. The chapter also includes description of various categories of diseases like diseases of ear, nose, throat, eyes under the heading of diseases of head; diseases like urinary calculi under diseases of renal system.   

This chapter highlights the importance of ''trimarma'' (three vital organs, viz, cardiovascular system, cerebrovascular system and renal system) and treatment of their diseases. There are one hundred seven vital points (''marma'') on the body which when injured cause disease, disability or death. Three of these ''marma'' are located in ''hridaya'' (heart), ''shira'' (head) and ''basti'' (urinary bladder). Impairment of these three ''marma'' can cause life threatening conditions in cardio-vascular system, cerebrovascular system and urinary system respectively. An internal relationship exists between these ''marma'' and respective body systems. Disease of one system affects the functioning of the other. The disease conditions caused by impairment of these three ''marma'' account for higher mortality and morbidity in society. The present chapter deals with etiology, signs and symptoms, classification, principles of treatment for the diseases pertaining to these three ''marma''. The chapter also includes description of various categories of diseases like diseases of ear, nose, throat, eyes under the heading of diseases of head; diseases like urinary calculi under diseases of renal system.   

'''Keywords''': ''trimarma'' (three vital organs), ''prana'' (life force), ''uttarabasti,varti prayōga, udāvarta, mutra kruchra, hridroga, nasya karma, pratisyaya'' (rhinitis), ''dushta pratishaya'' (persistent rhinitis), ''apinasa'' (chronic rhinitis), ''puya rakta'' (purulent and sanguinous rhinitis), ''nasa paka'' (suppurative rhinitis), ''nasa shotha'' (edematous rhinitis), ''ksavathu'' (sneezing), ''nasa shosha'' (dryness of nasal mucosal membrane), ''pratinaha'' (nasal obstruction), ''pratisrava'' (nasal discharge), ''puti nasya'' (ozena), ''nasa arbuda'' (nasal tumor), ''arumsi'' (furunculosis), ''nasa dipta'' (burnt nose), ''anaha'' (constipation), ''arochaka'' (anorexia)

'''Keywords''': ''trimarma'' (three vital organs), ''prana'' (life force), ''uttarabasti,varti prayoga, udavarta, mutra kruchchra, hridroga, nasya karma, pratishyaya'' (rhinitis), ''dushta pratishyaya'' (persistent rhinitis), ''apinasa'' (chronic rhinitis), ''puya rakta'' (purulent and sanguinous rhinitis), ''nasa paka'' (suppurative rhinitis), ''nasa shotha'' (edematous rhinitis), ''kshavathu'' (sneezing), ''nasa shosha'' (dryness of nasal mucosal membrane), ''pratinaha'' (nasal obstruction), ''pratisrava'' (nasal discharge), ''puti nasya'' (ozena), ''nasa arbuda'' (nasal tumor), ''arumshi'' (furunculosis), ''nasa dipta'' (burnt nose), ''anaha'' (constipation), ''arochaka'' (anorexia)

=== Introduction ===

=== Introduction ===

We shall now expound the chapter on “management of the disorders of the three ''marma'' (vital organs)”.  Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]

We shall now expound the chapter on “management of the disorders of the three ''marma'' (vital organs)”.  Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]

सप्तोत्तरंमर्मशतंयदुक्तंशरीरसङ्ख्यामधिकृत्यतेभ्यः|  

सप्तोत्तरंमर्मशतंयदुक्तंशरीरसङ्ख्यामधिकृत्यतेभ्यः|  

tatsaMshritAnAmanupAlanArthaM mahAgadAnAM shRuNu saumya rakShAm ||4||

tatsaMshritAnAmanupAlanArthaM mahAgadAnAM shRuNu saumya rakShAm ||4||

The vital organs (''marma'') are mentioned as 107 in number while enumerating different body parts in [[Samkhya Sharira]]. As per the specialists of the subjects, three vital organs, viz, ''basti'' (urinary bladder), ''hridayam'' (heart) and ''shira'' (head) are considered supreme among themselves, because they possess life (prāna) in them. Their suffering due to ''vata'', etc. also troubles/ endangers life (''prana''). Hence to protect these vital organs, the method of protection from the attack of diseases, and their management will be discussed which you may listen (addressed to Agnivesha) [3-4]

The vital organs (''marma'') are mentioned as 107 in number while enumerating different body parts in [[Samkhya Sharira]]. As per the specialists of the subjects, three vital organs, viz, ''basti'' (urinary bladder), ''hridayam'' (heart) and ''shira'' (head) are considered supreme among themselves, because they possess life (prana) in them. Their suffering due to ''vata'', etc. also troubles/ endangers life (''prana''). Hence to protect these vital organs, the method of protection from the attack of diseases, and their management will be discussed which you may listen (addressed to Agnivesha) [3-4]

==== Etiology and pathogenesis, signs and symptoms of ''udavarta'' (abnormal upward movement of ''vata'') ====

==== Etiology and pathogenesis, signs and symptoms of ''udavarta'' (abnormal upward movement of ''vata'') ====