Changes

Bluishness of lips, loosness of teeth, kesha pathana (hair fall), anga bhanga (cutting type of pain in all over body), vikshepa (convulsions), absence of horripilation even if touched by cold things, non- formation of contusion marks when hit by stick, absence of bleeding from ulcers- these are the signs of imminent death of a poisoned patient. Patients without such signs should be treated with the following therapeutic measures.(33-34)

Bluishness of lips, loosness of teeth, kesha pathana (hair fall), anga bhanga (cutting type of pain in all over body), vikshepa (convulsions), absence of horripilation even if touched by cold things, non- formation of contusion marks when hit by stick, absence of bleeding from ulcers- these are the signs of imminent death of a poisoned patient. Patients without such signs should be treated with the following therapeutic measures.(33-34)

Twenty four treatment modalities:

==== Twenty four treatment modalities ====

 

मन्त्रारिष्टोत्कर्तननिष्पीडनचूषणाग्निपरिषेकाः |  

मन्त्रारिष्टोत्कर्तननिष्पीडनचूषणाग्निपरिषेकाः |  

अवगाहरक्तमोक्षणवमनविरेकोपधानानि ||३५||  

अवगाहरक्तमोक्षणवमनविरेकोपधानानि ||३५||  

24. Mruta-sanjivana (measures for the revival of life of an apparently dead person).(35-37)

24. Mruta-sanjivana (measures for the revival of life of an apparently dead person).(35-37)

दंशात्तु विषं दष्टस्याविसृतं वेणिकां भिषग्बद्ध्वा |  

दंशात्तु विषं दष्टस्याविसृतं वेणिकां भिषग्बद्ध्वा |  

निष्पीडयेद्भृशं दंशमुद्धरेन्मर्मवर्जं वा ||३८||  

निष्पीडयेद्भृशं दंशमुद्धरेन्मर्मवर्जं वा ||३८||  

taM daMshaM vA cUShenmukhena yavacUrNapAMshupUrNena |39|

taM daMshaM vA cUShenmukhena yavacUrNapAMshupUrNena |39|

Immediately after bite, before the spreading of the poison from the place of the bite, the venika (string or rope or torniquet) should be tied (at the proximal part of the bite), the site of the bite should be squeezed frequently and forcefully; the place of bite should be excised unless it is a vital part (arma); and the poison should be sucked out with the help of mouth filled with the flour of barley or dust.(38-39)

Immediately after bite, before the spreading of the poison from the place of the bite, the venika (string or rope or torniquet) should be tied (at the proximal part of the bite), the site of the bite should be squeezed frequently and forcefully; the place of bite should be excised unless it is a vital part (arma); and the poison should be sucked out with the help of mouth filled with the flour of barley or dust.(38-39)

Blood letting:

 

==== Blood letting ====

 

प्रच्छनशृङ्गजलौकाव्यधनैः स्राव्यं ततो रक्तम् ||३९||  

प्रच्छनशृङ्गजलौकाव्यधनैः स्राव्यं ततो रक्तम् ||३९||  

रक्ते विषप्रदुष्टे दुष्येत् प्रकृतिस्ततस्त्यजेत् प्राणान् |  

रक्ते विषप्रदुष्टे दुष्येत् प्रकृतिस्ततस्त्यजेत् प्राणान् |  

Rakta dhathu is abode of visha (circulates visha all over the body) just like wind spreads the fire. With the help of pradeha (external application) and seka which are cooling in effect, blood gets coagulated thereby arresting the spread of poison. Due to the vega avastha of visha (different stages), patient suffers from mada (intoxication), moorcha (fainting), vishada (depression), hridaya drava (palpitation) etc. Application of cooling therapies alleviates such complication. The patient should sufficientely ventilated till the occurrence of horripilation.(39-43)

Rakta dhathu is abode of visha (circulates visha all over the body) just like wind spreads the fire. With the help of pradeha (external application) and seka which are cooling in effect, blood gets coagulated thereby arresting the spread of poison. Due to the vega avastha of visha (different stages), patient suffers from mada (intoxication), moorcha (fainting), vishada (depression), hridaya drava (palpitation) etc. Application of cooling therapies alleviates such complication. The patient should sufficientely ventilated till the occurrence of horripilation.(39-43)

Benefits of first aid treatments:

==== Benefits of first aid treatments ====

 

तरुरिव मूलच्छेदाद्दंशच्छेदान्न वृद्धिमेति विषम् |  

तरुरिव मूलच्छेदाद्दंशच्छेदान्न वृद्धिमेति विषम् |  

आचूषणमानयनं जलस्य सेतुर्यथा तथाऽरिष्टाः ||४४||  

आचूषणमानयनं जलस्य सेतुर्यथा तथाऽरिष्टाः ||४४||  

As a tree stops growing up as soon as the root is cut, similarly the action of poison does not spread further when the bite site is excised.  

As a tree stops growing up as soon as the root is cut, similarly the action of poison does not spread further when the bite site is excised.  

The process of achooshana (suction) induces the poison mixed with blood to flow out. As the flow of water is arrested by a dam so also the flow and spread of poison can be arrested by tying arishtas (tourniquet).(44)

The process of achooshana (suction) induces the poison mixed with blood to flow out. As the flow of water is arrested by a dam so also the flow and spread of poison can be arrested by tying arishtas (tourniquet).(44)

Treatment of first stage:

 

==== Treatment of first stage ====

 

त्वङ्मांसगतं दाहो दहति विषं स्रावणं हरति रक्तात् |  

त्वङ्मांसगतं दाहो दहति विषं स्रावणं हरति रक्तात् |  

पीतं वमनैः सद्यो हरेद्विरेकैर्द्वितीये तु ||४५||  

पीतं वमनैः सद्यो हरेद्विरेकैर्द्वितीये तु ||४५||  

Vamana (emesis) helps in eliminating poison which has been taken orally. The second stage of poisoning virechana (purgation) places a definite role in eliminating the visha from the body. (45)

Vamana (emesis) helps in eliminating poison which has been taken orally. The second stage of poisoning virechana (purgation) places a definite role in eliminating the visha from the body. (45)

Treatment of second stage:

==== Treatment of second stage ====

 

आदौ हृदयं रक्ष्यं तस्यावरणं पिबेद्यथालाभम् |  

आदौ हृदयं रक्ष्यं तस्यावरणं पिबेद्यथालाभम् |  

मधुसर्पिर्मज्जपयोगैरिकमथ गोमयरसं वा ||४६||  

मधुसर्पिर्मज्जपयोगैरिकमथ गोमयरसं वा ||४६||  

In the second stage, hridaya (heart) should be protected and an avarana (covering) should be made according to the availability of drugs. Madhu (honey), ghee (clarified butter), majja (bone marrow), payas (milk),  gairikam (red ochre), gomaya rasa (juice of cow dung), well boiled sugar cane juice or the juice squeezed out of meat of crow should be given to the patient for protecting the heart. Patient can be treated immediately with blood of goat etc, ashes or mud diluted with water to drink. (46-47)

In the second stage, hridaya (heart) should be protected and an avarana (covering) should be made according to the availability of drugs. Madhu (honey), ghee (clarified butter), majja (bone marrow), payas (milk),  gairikam (red ochre), gomaya rasa (juice of cow dung), well boiled sugar cane juice or the juice squeezed out of meat of crow should be given to the patient for protecting the heart. Patient can be treated immediately with blood of goat etc, ashes or mud diluted with water to drink. (46-47)

Treatment of third to eighth stage:

 

==== Treatment of third to eighth stage ====

 

क्षारागदस्तृतीये शोफहरैर्लेखनं समध्वम्बु |  

क्षारागदस्तृतीये शोफहरैर्लेखनं समध्वम्बु |  

गोमयरसश्चतुर्थे वेगे सकपित्थमधुसर्पिः ||४८||  

गोमयरसश्चतुर्थे वेगे सकपित्थमधुसर्पिः ||४८||  

gōpittayutā rajanī mañjiṣṭhāmaricapippalīpānam|  

gōpittayutā rajanī mañjiṣṭhāmaricapippalīpānam|  

viṣapānaṁ daṣṭānāṁ viṣapītē daṁśanaṁ cāntē||50||  

viṣapānaṁ daṣṭānāṁ viṣapītē daṁśanaṁ cāntē||50||  

kShArAgadastRutIye shophaharairlekhanaM samadhvambu |  

kShArAgadastRutIye shophaharairlekhanaM samadhvambu |  

During the 6th stage, patient should be administered with samjnasthapana drugs (drugs for regaining the conciousness). For that patient should be given to drink gopitta (cows bile) mixed with rajani (Curcuma longa), manjishta (Rubia cordifolia), maricha (Piper nigrum) & pippali (Piper longum).  

During the 6th stage, patient should be administered with samjnasthapana drugs (drugs for regaining the conciousness). For that patient should be given to drink gopitta (cows bile) mixed with rajani (Curcuma longa), manjishta (Rubia cordifolia), maricha (Piper nigrum) & pippali (Piper longum).  

At the end, patient should be given poison to drink if he is afflicted with the poison caused by bite, if he is afflicted by oral poison then he should be made to be bitten by a poisonous animal.(48-50)

At the end, patient should be given poison to drink if he is afflicted with the poison caused by bite, if he is afflicted by oral poison then he should be made to be bitten by a poisonous animal.(48-50)

Treatment in eighth stage:

 

==== Treatment in eighth stage ====

 

शिखिपित्तार्धयुतं स्यात् पलाशबीजमगदो मृतेषु वरः |

शिखिपित्तार्धयुतं स्यात् पलाशबीजमगदो मृतेषु वरः |

वार्ताकुफाणितागारधूमगोपित्तनिम्बं वा ||५१||  

वार्ताकुफाणितागारधूमगोपित्तनिम्बं वा ||५१||  

gōpittayutairguṭikāḥ surasāgranthidvirajanīmadhukakuṣṭhaiḥ [1] |  

gōpittayutairguṭikāḥ surasāgranthidvirajanīmadhukakuṣṭhaiḥ [1] |  

śastā'mr̥tēna tulyā śirīṣapuṣpakākāṇḍakarasairvā||52||  

śastā'mr̥tēna tulyā śirīṣapuṣpakākāṇḍakarasairvā||52||  

shikhipittArdhayutaM syAt palAshabIjamagado mRuteShu varaH |  

shikhipittArdhayutaM syAt palAshabIjamagado mRuteShu varaH |  

Alternatively, this pill should be prepared of surasa (Ocimum sanctum), granthi (pippalimula), haridra (Curcuma longa), daruharidra (Berberis aristata), madhuka (Glycerrhiza glabra) and kushta (Saussurea lappa)  by triturating with the juice of the flower of shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck) and the juice of kakandaka (Canavalia ensiformis).(51-52)

Alternatively, this pill should be prepared of surasa (Ocimum sanctum), granthi (pippalimula), haridra (Curcuma longa), daruharidra (Berberis aristata), madhuka (Glycerrhiza glabra) and kushta (Saussurea lappa)  by triturating with the juice of the flower of shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck) and the juice of kakandaka (Canavalia ensiformis).(51-52)

Treatment in case of hanging and drowning:

==== Treatment in case of hanging and drowning ====

 

काकाण्डसुरसगवाक्षीपुनर्नवावायसीशिरीषफलैः |  

काकाण्डसुरसगवाक्षीपुनर्नवावायसीशिरीषफलैः |  

उद्बन्धविषजलमृते लेपौपधिनस्यपानानि ||५३||

उद्बन्धविषजलमृते लेपौपधिनस्यपानानि ||५३||

If the patient appears to be dead because of udbandhana (hanging), poisoning or drowning in water (jala-mrita), then the potion comprising kakanda (Canavalia ensiformis), surasa (Ocimum sanctum), gavakshi (Citrullus colocynthis), punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa), vayasi (Solanum nigrum) and fruits of shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck) should be administered in the form of lepa (ointment) along with aupadhi (application of the paste over the head after making incisions in the form of kaakapaada or the paw of a crow, nasya and pana for his revival. (53)

If the patient appears to be dead because of udbandhana (hanging), poisoning or drowning in water (jala-mrita), then the potion comprising kakanda (Canavalia ensiformis), surasa (Ocimum sanctum), gavakshi (Citrullus colocynthis), punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa), vayasi (Solanum nigrum) and fruits of shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck) should be administered in the form of lepa (ointment) along with aupadhi (application of the paste over the head after making incisions in the form of kaakapaada or the paw of a crow, nasya and pana for his revival. (53)

   

   

Mrutasanjivana agada:

Mrutasanjivana agada:

स्पृक्काप्लवस्थौणेयकाङ्क्षीशैलेयरोचनातगरम् |  

स्पृक्काप्लवस्थौणेयकाङ्क्षीशैलेयरोचनातगरम् |