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· Fear, grief, excessive thinking
· Fear, grief, excessive thinking
· Excess exercise and sexual intercourse beyond one’s capacity. [A. Hri.Nidana Sthana 1/14-15]<sup>[1]2</sup>
· Excess exercise and sexual intercourse beyond one’s capacity. [A. Hri.Nidana Sthana 1/14-15]<ref name=":0">Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam. Edited by Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 2000.</ref>
· Injury to vital organs (marmaghata)
· Injury to vital organs (marmaghata)
· Untreated chronic inflammations or infections
· Untreated chronic inflammations or infections
'''Clinical features'''
'''General clinical features'''
· Loss of motor function and pain on either side of the body (right or left)
· Slurring or loss of speech
· Contractions (spasticity) on the legs and hands on either side.
· Pricking pain or sharp pain in the body. [Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 28/53-55]
· Loss of activity (akarmanyata), and loss of sensation (achetana) of the affected side. [Su.Sa. Nidana Sthana 1/60-62]<ref>Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref>
''' Dosha specific clinical features'''
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Dosha associated'''
|'''Clinical features'''
|-
|Pitta associated condition
|Burning sensation (daha)
Increase in body temperature (santapa)
Syncope (murchha)
|-
|Kapha associated condition
|Coldness (shaitya)
Swelling (shotha)
Heaviness (gurutva)
|}
[Ma.Ni.22/42]<ref>Madhavakara. Madhava Nidanam (Roga vinischaya). Translated from Sanskrit by K. R. Srikantha Murthy. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha orientalia;2007</ref>
'''Pathogenesis'''
The vata dosha is aggravated due to two possible pathologies:
1. Depletion of body constituents (dhatu kshaya)
2. Obstruction or covering of vata dosha by other dosha or body constituents (dhatu, mala)
These two causes provide a background for pathogenesis of vata dominant diseases.
The aggravated vata is lodged in vacant spaces or afflicted channels (sroto vaigunya). Due to obstruction in its path or impaired movement, vata dosha affects the indriya (sensory and motor organs) and leads to affliction of either side of the body. It also causes the desiccation of siras (nerves) and snayus (tendons), producing contractions of legs and hands on either side. [Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 28/43-45]
'''Pathogenesis'''
The vata dosha is aggravated due to two possible pathologies:
1. Depletion of body constituents (dhatu kshaya)
2. Obstruction or covering of vata dosha by other dosha or body constituents (dhatu, mala)
These two causes provide a background for pathogenesis of vata dominant diseases.
The aggravated vata is lodged in vacant spaces or afflicted channels (sroto vaigunya). Due to obstruction in its path or impaired movement, vata dosha affects the indriya (sensory and motor organs) and leads to affliction of either side of the body. It also causes the desiccation of siras (nerves) and snayus (tendons), producing contractions of legs and hands on either side. [Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 28/43-45]
The different pathologies like arteriosclerosis, aneurysms, and plaque formation in cerebrovascular system need to be understood in this view. These pathologies result in cerebrovascular accident, causing hemiplegia or hemiparesis (pakshaghata). [A. Hri.Nidana Sthana 15/5-6]<ref name=":0" />