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→Examination of newborn baby
==Examination of newborn baby==
==Examination of newborn baby==
Ayurveda recommends the examination of the newborn for the signs indicative of life span. Specific features of different body parts are given. These indicate good health and life span. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/51] It is given in the table below.
Ayurveda recommends the examination of the newborn for the signs indicative of life span. Specific features of different body parts are given. These indicate good health and life span. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/51] It is given in the table below.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Sl No. !! Organ !! Signs of good life span
|-
|1.|| Hair || Soft, sparse, unctuous, deep-rooted, black
|-
|2.|| Skin || Thick and dense
|-
|3. || Head || As per one’s constitution, slightly bigger than normal, proportionate to other parts, umbrella-shaped.
|-
|4.|| Forehead || Compact, even, well aligned to the temples, having three lines transversely laid, semilunar shaped
|-
|5.|| Ears || Thick, large, lobes even on height, equal in size, elongated downwards, bent backward
|-
|6.|| Eyebrows|| Hanging a bit, optimally separated, compactly arranged, large
|-
|7. || Eyes || Equally sized, with stable sight, well divided into sclera, cornea, etc., radiant, with beautiful outer canthi.
|-
|8. || Nose || Straight, no difficulty in taking deep breath, well septate, slightly lowering at the tip
|-
|9. || Mouth || Large, straight, with properly arranged gums,
|-
|10.|| Tongue || Of appropriate dimensions, smooth, soft, and of color matching one’s constitution.
|-
|11. || Palate ||Smooth, well-formed, warm to touch, reddish.
|-
|12. || Voice|| Loud, not weak, not dry, resonant, sounding intense and brave.
|-
|13. || Lips || Of optimal size and dimensions, covering the mouth well, red.
|-
|14. || Jaws || Large
|-
|15. || Neck || Round, not too large
|-
|16. || Chest || Compact, well formed
|-
|17. || Clavicle and Vertebral column ||Situated deep inside (not prominent)
|-
|18.|| Breasts || Well separated
|-
|19.|| Flanks || Even, firm
|-
|20.|| Arms, thighs, fingers || Round, full and extended
|-
|21. || Hands and Legs || Large, well formed
|-
|22. || Nails ||Firm, round, unctuous, copper-colored, elevated, tortoise-shaped.
|-
|23. || Umbilicus || Whirled clockwise , deep
|-
|24. || Waist || One-third thinner than chest (circumference), compact with muscles
|-
|25. || Buttocks ||Rounded, firm and plump muscles, not too elevated or depressed
|-
|26.|| Thighs || Rounded, well formed
|-
|27.|| Calf region || Not too broad or thin, resembles that of a deer, vessels and joints well covered
|-
|28.|| Ankles || Not too broad or thin
|-
|29. || Feet || Not too broad or thin, Tortoise-shaped
|}
Other than these signs, the child with the proper evacuation of flatus, urine, feces, normal genitalia, sleep, waking, expression of tiredness, smiling, crying, sucking (breasts) in concordance with one’s constitution, is indicative of long life span.[Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/51]
Other than these signs, the child with the proper evacuation of flatus, urine, feces, normal genitalia, sleep, waking, expression of tiredness, smiling, crying, sucking (breasts) in concordance with one’s constitution, is indicative of long life span.[Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/51]
By the examination, the early detection of any congenital structural abnormality shall be assured. As per modern view also, examination of the newborn is performed in terms of various parameters.
By the examination, the early detection of any congenital structural abnormality shall be assured.
Vital parameters
As per modern view also, examination of the newborn is performed in terms of various parameters.
Vital parameters Range
Respiratory rate 40 – 60/min, Periodic breathing
'''Normal features in newborn'''
Heart rate 120 – 160/min
Blood pressure 40 - 60/ 25 – 40 mm Hg
'''Anthropometry'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Parameter !! Average value
|-
|Birth weight|| 3.35 kg (male) , 3.25 kg (female)
|-
|Length || 49.9 cm (male) , 49.1 cm (female)
|-
|Body Mass index ||13.4 kg/ m2 (male), 13.3 kg/m2 (female)
|-
|Head circumference || 34.5 cm (male), 33.9 cm (female)
|-
|Chest circumference || 2 to 3 cm less than head circumference
|}
'''Vital parameters'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Vital parameter !! Range
|-
|Respiratory rate || 40 – 60/min, Periodic breathing
|-
|Heart rate || 120 – 160/min
|-
|Blood pressure || 40 - 60/ 25 – 40 mm Hg
|}
'''Urine and Stool Passage'''
First urine is usually passed within 48 hours after birth. Delay of urine passage without abdominal distension is probably due to inadequate feeding. Bladder distension in male child indicates posterior urethral valve. The stool is normally passed within 24 hours. If there is constipation, the probable cause behind it should be identified. The major causes are, imperforate anus, prematurity, meconium plug, megacolon (congenital), meconium ileus and hypothyroidism.
==General care of the newborn==
==General care of the newborn==
Ayurveda explains the care of new born through medical interventions combined with some spiritual practices. These measures promote spiritual health along with physical health.
Ayurveda explains the care of new born through medical interventions combined with some spiritual practices. These measures promote spiritual health along with physical health.