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==Current research ==
==Current research ==
Contemporary approach:
'''Contemporary approach:'''
As per modern embryology, susceptibility to teratogenesis depends on the genotype of the conceptus and the manner in which this genetic composition interacts with the environment. The maternal genome is also important with respect to drug metabolism, resistance to infection, and other biochemical and molecular processes that affect the conceptus. Susceptibility to teratogens varies with the developmental stage at the time of exposure. The most sensitive period for inducing congenital disabilities is the third to eight weeks of gestation, the period of embryogenesis.
There are three phases of intrauterine growth. Zygote, embryo, and fetus. The,
As per modern embryology, susceptibility to teratogenesis depends on the genotype of the conceptus and the manner in which this genetic composition interacts with the environment. The maternal genome is also important with respect to drug metabolism, resistance to infection, and other biochemical and molecular processes that affect the conceptus. Susceptibility to teratogens varies with the developmental stage at the time of exposure.
1. The zygote phase or Period-I (weeks 1 – 2 after fertilization): It consists of cell division and implantation of this cell mass in the uterus. During this phase, teratogen would cause loss of the conceptus
2. The embryonic phase or Period II (weeks 3 – 8): In this period, most of the organ systems develop. This is the most vulnerable phase for major congenital malformations to occur.
The most sensitive period for inducing congenital disabilities is the third to eight weeks of gestation, the period of embryogenesis.
3. The fetal phase / Period III (weeks 9 – 38): In this phase, further growth and elaboration of the organ systems take place. During this phase, various factors can result in minor or not so severe defects.
There are three phases of intrauterine growth. Zygote, embryo, and fetus.
'''1. The zygote phase or Period-I''' (weeks 1 – 2 after fertilization): It consists of cell division and implantation of this cell mass in the uterus. During this phase, teratogen would cause loss of the conceptus.
'''2. The embryonic phase or Period II''' (weeks 3 – 8): In this period, most of the organ systems develop. This is the most vulnerable phase for major congenital malformations to occur.
'''3. The fetal phase / Period III''' (weeks 9 – 38): In this phase, further growth and elaboration of the organ systems take place. During this phase, various factors can result in minor or not-so-severe defects.
Congenital disabilities occur due to three main reasons i.e.abnormal formation of tissues, abnormal forces on normal tissues, or destruction of normal tissues. Some of these defects may have a cascade effect and result in related anomalies or multiple anomalies (syndromes).
Congenital disabilities occur due to three main reasons i.e.abnormal formation of tissues, abnormal forces on normal tissues, or destruction of normal tissues. Some of these defects may have a cascade effect and result in related anomalies or multiple anomalies (syndromes).
Nowadays, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is emerging as a treatment of choice for various congenital disorders.
Nowadays, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is emerging as a treatment of choice for various congenital disorders.
==Theses works done==
==Theses works done==
1. M.N. Jaiswal (2003): Clinical role of indigenous drugs (Amalaki Rasayana and Gomeda Bhasma) in Kulaja Pandu (Thalassemia)-A scientific study, Dept. of Kaumarabhrutya., Shree Ayurved Mahavidhyalaya, Nagpur.
1. M.N. Jaiswal (2003): Clinical role of indigenous drugs (Amalaki Rasayana and Gomeda Bhasma) in Kulaja Pandu (Thalassemia)-A scientific study, Dept. of Kaumarabhrutya., Shree Ayurved Mahavidhyalaya, Nagpur.