− | Drugs obtained from earth are gold, five metals (silver, copper, tin, lead and iron) along with their by-products such as ''shilajatu'' (bitumen), sand, lime, red and yellow arsenic (''manahshila'' and ''hartala''), gems, salt, red ochre and antimony. | + | Drugs obtained from earth are gold, five metals (silver, copper, tin, lead and iron) along with their by-products such as ''shilajatu'' (bitumen), sand, lime, red and yellow arsenic (manahshila and hartala), gems, salt, red ochre and antimony. |
| Plant origin drugs: Plant origin drugs are of four types viz. direct fruiters, creepers, flower based fruiters and herbs. [70-71] | | Plant origin drugs: Plant origin drugs are of four types viz. direct fruiters, creepers, flower based fruiters and herbs. [70-71] |
− | The plants which bear fruit without visible flowers are known as ''vanaspati'' (Gymno-spermia). The plants bearing both flowers and fruits are known as ''vanaspatya'' (angio-spermia). The plants which die out after flowering are known as [[aushadhi]] (annuals). The plants which creep or twine are known as ''virudha'' (creepers). [72] | + | The plants which bear fruit without visible flowers are known as ''vanaspati'' (Gymno-spermia). The plants bearing both flowers and fruits are known as vanaspatya (angio-spermia). The plants which die out after flowering are known as [[aushadhi]] (annuals). The plants which creep or twine are known as virudha (creepers). [72] |