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| {{#seo: | | {{#seo: |
| |title=Therapeutic emesis (Vamana) | | |title=Therapeutic emesis (Vamana) |
| |titlemode=append | | |titlemode=append |
− | |keywords=Vamana, Vamana in Ayurveda, Vamana meaning, Vamana Definition, Charak samhita, carakasamhitaonline, Indian System of medicine, emesis therapy | + | |keywords=Vamana, Vamana in Ayurveda, Vamana meaning, Vamana Definition, Charak samhita, carakasamhitaonline, Indian System of medicine, emesis therapy, chhardi, emetic treatment, emesis in ayurveda |
| |description=Therapeutic emesis intended for treatment of kapha disorders | | |description=Therapeutic emesis intended for treatment of kapha disorders |
− | |image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.32.1/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg | + | |image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg |
| |image_alt=carak samhita | | |image_alt=carak samhita |
| |type=article | | |type=article |
| }} | | }} |
| + | <p style="text-align:justify;">The word vamana means the act of vomiting.<ref>Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, Vamana, Page 920</ref> It is one of the five purification therapies ([[panchakarma]]). It is the best preventive measure and treatment for disorders due to vitiation of [[kapha]] [[dosha]]. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] The [[dosha]] accumulated in the upper part of the body (trunk and supraclavicular region) is evacuated by therapeutic emesis. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 20/19][Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/4] 'Vamana' is also a therapeutic procedure to expel vitiated [[dosha]] by administration of medicine to induce vomiting. On the other hand, 'Chhardi' is a disease with a predominant feature of vomiting due to various underlying pathologies. The present article deals with vamana, i.e., therapeutic emesis. |
| + | </p> |
| {{Infobox | | {{Infobox |
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| |label2 = Authors | | |label2 = Authors |
− | |data2 = Aneesh E.G., Deole Y.S. | + | |data2 = Aneesh E.G., [[Yogesh Deole|Deole Y.S.]] |
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| |label3 = Reviewed by | | |label3 = Reviewed by |
− | |data3 = Basisht G. | + | |data3 = [[Gopal Basisht|Basisht G.]] |
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| |label4 = Affiliations | | |label4 = Affiliations |
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| |data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com | | |data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com |
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− | |label6 = Date of first publication: | + | |label6 = Publisher |
− | |data6 = November10, 2020 | + | |data6 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India |
− | |label7 = DOI | + | |
− | |data7 = Under process | + | |label7 = Date of first publication: |
| + | |data7 = November10, 2020 |
| + | |
| + | |label8 = DOI |
| + | |data8 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.032 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.032] |
| }} | | }} |
− | <div style='text-align:justify;'>
| |
− | The word vamana means the act of vomiting.<ref>Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, Vamana, Page 920</ref> It is one of the five purification therapies ([[panchakarma]]). It is the best preventive measure and treatment for disorders due to vitiation of [[kapha]] [[dosha]]. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] The [[dosha]] accumulated in the upper part of the body (trunk and supraclavicular region) is evacuated by therapeutic emesis. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 20/19][Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/4] 'Vamana' is also a therapeutic procedure to expel vitiated [[dosha]] by administration of medicine to induce vomiting. On the other hand, 'Chhardi' is a disease with a predominant feature of vomiting due to various underlying pathologies. The present article deals with vamana, i.e., therapeutic emesis.
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| ==Etymology and derivation== | | ==Etymology and derivation== |
− | | + | <div style='text-align:justify;'> |
| The Sanskrit root 'vam' means ejection, giving out, oozing, stream, etc.The word 'vamana' is derived from the root 'vama' and adding a suffix 'lyut'. It has four meanings, | | The Sanskrit root 'vam' means ejection, giving out, oozing, stream, etc.The word 'vamana' is derived from the root 'vama' and adding a suffix 'lyut'. It has four meanings, |
| *Destroying, crushing (mardane) | | *Destroying, crushing (mardane) |
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| #Post therapeutic measures (pashchatkarma) | | #Post therapeutic measures (pashchatkarma) |
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− | ===Pre therapeutic measures (purvakarma)=== | + | ===Pre therapeutic measures (purva karma)=== |
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| The pre-emesis procedure aims to prepare the body for emesis and to bring toxins to gut for expulsion. | | The pre-emesis procedure aims to prepare the body for emesis and to bring toxins to gut for expulsion. |
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− | Pachana (digestive) therapies are administered to correct digestion and detach the microcellular toxins (ama). | + | Pachana (digestive) therapies are administered to correct digestion and detach the microcellular toxins ([[ama]]). |
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− | Unction (snehana) is prescribed in a suitable dose for a duration until proper unction features are observed. This is generally done for three to seven days. | + | Unction ([[snehana]]) is prescribed in a suitable dose for a duration until proper unction features are observed. This is generally done for three to seven days. |
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− | Therapeutic massage (abhyanga) and fomentation therapy (swedana) are generally advised for three sessions after completing internal unction therapy. | + | Therapeutic massage ([[abhyanga]]) and fomentation therapy ([[swedana]]) are generally advised for three sessions after completing internal unction therapy. |
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| The day of therapeutic emesis is decided only after observing proper unction and fomentation features in an individual. [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 16/36]<ref name=Hridaya>Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam. Edited by Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.</ref> This can be continued for two or three days. [Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/14] | | The day of therapeutic emesis is decided only after observing proper unction and fomentation features in an individual. [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 16/36]<ref name=Hridaya>Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam. Edited by Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.</ref> This can be continued for two or three days. [Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/14] |
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| The following table shows various dose patterns advised in patients.[table 2] | | The following table shows various dose patterns advised in patients.[table 2] |
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| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
| |+ Table 2: Dose patterns for therapeutic emesis | | |+ Table 2: Dose patterns for therapeutic emesis |
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| |- | | |- |
| |} | | |} |
− | *[Dalhana on Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 33/7]<ref name=Susruta>Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref>, **[Sha.Sa. Uttara khanda 3/15]<ref name=Shargadara/>, #[Ka. Khilasthana 7/44]<ref name=Kashyapa>Vrddhajivaka, Kasyapa Samhita. Edited by Tewari P V, Reprint edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha visvabharati; 2008</ref>
| + | *[Dalhana on Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 33/7]<ref name=Susruta>Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref>, **[Sha.Sa. Uttara khanda 3/15]<ref name=Shargadara/>, #[Ka. Khilasthana 7/44]<ref name=Kashyapa>Vrddhajivaka, Kasyapa Samhita. Edited by Tewari P V, Reprint edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha visvabharati; 2008</ref> |
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− | ===Therapeutic emesis (pradhanakarma)=== | + | ===Therapeutic emesis (pradhana karma)=== |
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| Therapeutic emesis is always performed early morning during the time of the natural increase of [[kapha]] [[dosha]]. After completing proper sleep and passage of natural urges in the morning, the individual follows whole-body therapeutic massage and fomentation.The patient should be seated comfortably in a chair of a suitable height. | | Therapeutic emesis is always performed early morning during the time of the natural increase of [[kapha]] [[dosha]]. After completing proper sleep and passage of natural urges in the morning, the individual follows whole-body therapeutic massage and fomentation.The patient should be seated comfortably in a chair of a suitable height. |
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| ====Endpoints==== | | ====Endpoints==== |
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− | The procedure is continued till the appearance of signs of adequate emesis or bile ([[pitta]]) in the vomitus. | + | The procedure is continued till the appearance of signs of adequate emesis or bile ([[pitta]]) in the vomitus. |
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− | ===Post therapeutic measures (pashchatkarma)=== | + | ===Post therapeutic measures (pashchat karma)=== |
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| After completion of procedure and bouts of emesis end,the patient is then advised medicated smoke inhalation (dhumapana) which helps to remove the remaining [[kapha]] adhered to the body channels. [A.S.Sutra Sthana 27/21]<ref name=Sangraha/> [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 33/10]<ref name=Susruta/> The patient is advised to take complete rest in a room and avoid direct exposure to wind. The patient is advised to take hot water bath and follow specific dietary pattern (samsarjana krama), when he feels hungry. | | After completion of procedure and bouts of emesis end,the patient is then advised medicated smoke inhalation (dhumapana) which helps to remove the remaining [[kapha]] adhered to the body channels. [A.S.Sutra Sthana 27/21]<ref name=Sangraha/> [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 33/10]<ref name=Susruta/> The patient is advised to take complete rest in a room and avoid direct exposure to wind. The patient is advised to take hot water bath and follow specific dietary pattern (samsarjana krama), when he feels hungry. |
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| #Lineswala Gaurang (2002) : Clinical study on the role of Vamana and shamana in the management of kaphaja galaganda w.s.r to hypothyroidism. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Lineswala Gaurang (2002) : Clinical study on the role of Vamana and shamana in the management of kaphaja galaganda w.s.r to hypothyroidism. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Chandaliya Sachin S (2003): A clinical study on standardization of Vamana Karma w.s.r to antiki, vaigiki, maniki and laingiki criteria. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA, Jamnagar | | #Chandaliya Sachin S (2003): A clinical study on standardization of Vamana Karma w.s.r to antiki, vaigiki, maniki and laingiki criteria. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA, Jamnagar |
− | #Chandrakar Jayaprakash (2005): Cilinical study on the role of Vamana Karma in the management of YuvanaPidika. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | + | #Chandrakar Jayaprakash (2005): Cilinical study on the role of Vamana Karma in the management of Yuvana Pidika. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Ranjip Dass (2006): A clinical study on the standardization of Vamana vidhi w.s.r to classical and traditional methods. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Ranjip Dass (2006): A clinical study on the standardization of Vamana vidhi w.s.r to classical and traditional methods. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Kapil A Pandya (2007): A comparative clinical study of Vamana Karma and Jalaukavacharana in the management of Vicharchika. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Kapil A Pandya (2007): A comparative clinical study of Vamana Karma and Jalaukavacharana in the management of Vicharchika. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
− | #Akhil Nath Parida (2008): Comparitive study of Vamana and Virechana karma in Ekakushtha w.s.r to Psoriasis. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | + | #Akhil Nath Parida (2008): Comparative study of Vamana and Virechana karma in Ekakushtha w.s.r to Psoriasis. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Padhsala Satish V (2009): A comparative study on Vamana karma by using shuddhaghrita and samskritaghrita as abhyantarasnehpana in Ekakushtha w.s.r to Psoriasis. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Padhsala Satish V (2009): A comparative study on Vamana karma by using shuddhaghrita and samskritaghrita as abhyantarasnehpana in Ekakushtha w.s.r to Psoriasis. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Jaimin R Patel (2010): A Comparative Study on Vamana Karma with Madanaphala and Krutavedhana W.S.R. to Ekakushtha (Psoriasis). Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Jaimin R Patel (2010): A Comparative Study on Vamana Karma with Madanaphala and Krutavedhana W.S.R. to Ekakushtha (Psoriasis). Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
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| #Kundan Gadhvi (2011): A Comparative Study between the Efficacy of Vamana and Virechana Karma in the Management of Tamaka Shvasa (Bronchial Asthma). Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Kundan Gadhvi (2011): A Comparative Study between the Efficacy of Vamana and Virechana Karma in the Management of Tamaka Shvasa (Bronchial Asthma). Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Neetu jain (2012): A forwarding clinical study on standardization of vamana karma w.s.r to antiki, vaigiki, maniki and laingiki criteria. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Neetu jain (2012): A forwarding clinical study on standardization of vamana karma w.s.r to antiki, vaigiki, maniki and laingiki criteria. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
− | #Shaizi Layeeq (2013): A clinical study on the effect of Vamana karma and amalaki rasayana in the management of Pandu w.s.r to iron deficiency anaemia. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | + | #Shaizi Layeeq (2013): A clinical study on the effect of Vamana karma and Amalaki rasayana in the management of Pandu w.s.r to iron deficiency anaemia. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Shweta Patil (2013): A comparative study on the effect of vamana and virechana karma followed by brumhana snehapana (kantakari ghrita) in the management of tamaka shvasa w.s.r to Bronchial asthma. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Shweta Patil (2013): A comparative study on the effect of vamana and virechana karma followed by brumhana snehapana (kantakari ghrita) in the management of tamaka shvasa w.s.r to Bronchial asthma. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Sunita Sheike (2013): A comparative study between vamana and virechana karma in the management of sthula pramehi w.s.r to type-ll diabetes mellitus. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Sunita Sheike (2013): A comparative study between vamana and virechana karma in the management of sthula pramehi w.s.r to type-ll diabetes mellitus. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Patairya Pratiksha Prakash (2014): A clinical study on the role of vamana and virechana in the management of hypothyroidism with punarnava-aruta-guggulu. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Patairya Pratiksha Prakash (2014): A clinical study on the role of vamana and virechana in the management of hypothyroidism with punarnava-aruta-guggulu. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
| #Ritika Mishra (2018): A clinical study to evaluate and compare the efficacy of vamana, virechana and shamana in the management of ekakushtha w.s.r to psoriasis. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | | #Ritika Mishra (2018): A clinical study to evaluate and compare the efficacy of vamana, virechana and shamana in the management of ekakushtha w.s.r to psoriasis. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
− | #Laveena Kumari(2018): A comparative clinical study to evaluate the effect of virechana, vamana and shwasahara yoga in the management of tamaka shwasa w.s.r to bronchial asthma. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar | + | #Laveena Kumari(2018): A comparative clinical study to evaluate the effect of virechana, vamana and shwasahara yoga in the management of tamaka shwasa w.s.r to bronchial asthma. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar |
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| ==More information== | | ==More information== |
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| The list of references for Vamana in Charak Samhita can be seen [[Media:Reference_of_word_Vamana_in_Charaka-converted.pdf|here]] | | The list of references for Vamana in Charak Samhita can be seen [[Media:Reference_of_word_Vamana_in_Charaka-converted.pdf|here]] |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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