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Pushpitakam Indriyam Adhyaya (view source)
Revision as of 09:54, 5 October 2020
, 09:54, 5 October 2020→Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences)
*''Arishta'' related to taste of the body (''Rasa'')and their examination: ''Gandha'' and other parameters can be examined by ''pratyaksha pramana'', but ''rasa'' is always examined by ''anumana pramana'' or by inference because of lack of laboratory investigations. For example, If flies and ants are attracted towards the body – then it is inferred that the taste of the body has become sweet and if the lice, mosquitoes etc. started leaving the patient’s body, it is inferred that the patient’s body has developed excessive distaste. This information can be helpful in certain rural areas of the world. [Verse 17-22]
*''Arishta'' related to taste of the body (''Rasa'')and their examination: ''Gandha'' and other parameters can be examined by ''pratyaksha pramana'', but ''rasa'' is always examined by ''anumana pramana'' or by inference because of lack of laboratory investigations. For example, If flies and ants are attracted towards the body – then it is inferred that the taste of the body has become sweet and if the lice, mosquitoes etc. started leaving the patient’s body, it is inferred that the patient’s body has developed excessive distaste. This information can be helpful in certain rural areas of the world. [Verse 17-22]
=== Assessment of factors related to odor ===
The odor or smell of individual can indicate specific underlying morbidity. The probable abnormal conditions are summarized in table 1. <ref name= "Mamidi P.1">Gupta K. et.al., Pushpitakam of Charaka Indriya Sthana - An Explorative Study, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2019; 7(5): 176-182</ref> These parameters can be applied for clinical assessment of relevant factor. There is a wide scope for research on implementing these practices to predict prognosis and life span of individual.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Table 1: Specific body odor and probable relevant morbidity
|-
! Odour!! Disease
|-
| | Acetone / Rotten apple || Diabetes / Diabetic ketoacidosis
|-
| | Sweetish || Rice water stools of Cholera
|-
| | Sweetish / Putrid || Diphtheria
|-
| | Sweetish / Pungent || Small pox lesions
|-
| | Baked-bread || Typhoid
|-
| | Caramelized sugar || Maple syrup urine disease
|-
| | Sweet || Leukaemia
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Table 2: Specific unpleasant body odor and probable relevant morbidity
|-
! Odour !! Disease
|-
| | Offensive || Cancerous wounds / Infectious diseases / Gynaecological tumours / Necrotic cavity on penis in Squamous cell carcinoma
|-
| | Unpleasant || Fungating wounds in advanced cancers / Vagabond’s disease / Infected eczema / Pemphigus / Herpes labialis / Deep pressure sores on buttocks / Infected leg ulcers
|-
| | Cheesy / Fishy || Vaginal & cervical bacterial infections
|-
| | Severe malodor || Advanced breast, head and neck cancers
|-
| | Foul || Scarlet fever / Pneumonia / Tuberculosis
|-
| | Stale beer || Ulcerated lymph nodes
|-
| | Butcher’s shop || Yellow fever
|-
| | Musty || Phenylketonuria
|-
| | Cheesy / Acrid / Sweaty feet || Isovaleric academia (IVA)
|-
| | Yeast / Malt / Hop-like || Methionine malabsorption syndrome
|-
| | Cabbage like || Hypermethioninemia
|-
| | Foul / Rotten fish like || Trimethylaminuria
|-
| | Cabbage / Rancid butter || Tyrosinaemia
|-
| | Rotten egg || Cystinuria
|-
| | Urine || Uraemia / Kidney failure
|-
| | Faecal || Ileus / Intestinal obstruction
|-
| | Putrid || Scurvy
|-
| | Rotting || Ozena
|-
| | Musty / Skunk / Characteristic || Schizophrenia
|-
| | Sweaty || Acromegaly
|-
| | Malodor || Liver diseases
|-
| | Obnoxious || Gangrenous feet
|-
|}
'''Acknowledgement:''' The contributors acknowledge support of Dr. M. Prasad and Dr.G.Kshama for providing tables from their published article referred in this chapter.
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