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Smruti (memory) is one of the three important mental faculties with Dhi(intellect) and Dhriti (restraint). It is referred in various contexts as given below.
Smruti (memory) is one of the three important mental faculties with Dhi(intellect) and Dhriti (restraint). It is referred in various contexts as given below.
{{Infobox
|title = Contributors
|label1 = Chapter/topic
|data1 = [[Smruti]]
|label2 = Author
|data2 = Deole Y.S.
|label3 = Reviewed by
|data3 = Basisht G.
|label4 = Affiliations
|data4 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar
|label5 = Correspondence email:
|data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com
|label6 = Date of first publication:
|data6 = January 01, 2020
}}
==What is Smruti?==
==What is Smruti?==
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिः अनुभूतार्थस्मरणं
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिः अनुभूतार्थस्मरणं
Smruti is defined as capacity of remembering the objective experiential knowledge.(Cha.Su.1/58)
Smruti is defined as capacity of remembering the objective experiential knowledge[Cha.Sa[[Sutra Sthana]]1/58]
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिः अतीतार्थविषयज्ञानं
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिः अतीतार्थविषयज्ञानं
Smruti is defined as the real knowledge of previous subjects/experiences happened in past. (Cha.Chi.9/3)
Smruti is defined as the real knowledge of previous subjects/experiences happened in past. [Cha.Sa[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/3]
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत):स्मृतिः सर्वभावतत्त्वस्मरणम्|
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत):स्मृतिः सर्वभावतत्त्वस्मरणम्|
Smruti is the super sensorial capacity to remember the truth or essence of everything in the Universe. (Cha.Sha.1/140)
Smruti is the super sensorial capacity to remember the truth or essence of everything in the Universe. [Cha.Sa[[Sharira Sthana]] 1/140]
===Important quality===
===Important quality===
लेखास्थवृत्तं प्राप्तकारिणमसम्प्रहार्यमुत्थानवन्तं स्मृतिमन्तमैश्वर्यलम्भिनं [१] व्यपगतरागेर्ष्याद्वेषमोहं याम्यं विद्यात् (४)|
लेखास्थवृत्तं प्राप्तकारिणमसम्प्रहार्यमुत्थानवन्तं स्मृतिमन्तमैश्वर्यलम्भिनं [१] व्यपगतरागेर्ष्याद्वेषमोहं याम्यं विद्यात् (४)|
Good memory is characteristic feature of an individual having Bramha type or Yamya type of psychological trait. Both types are categorized under the personalities due to dominance of Sattva (purity of mind). Therefore it is essential to have purity of mind to possess good memory. (Cha.Sha.4/37)
Good memory is characteristic feature of an individual having Bramha type or Yamya type of psychological trait. Both types are categorized under the personalities due to dominance of Sattva (purity of mind). Therefore it is essential to have purity of mind to possess good memory. [Cha.Sa[Sharira Sthana]] 4/37]
====Vaidya====
====Vaidya====
भिषगौषधसंयोगैश्चिकित्सां कर्तुमर्हति||३६||
भिषगौषधसंयोगैश्चिकित्सां कर्तुमर्हति||३६||
The Vaidya shall possess good smruti i.e. memory in order to perform good clinical practices. (Cha.Su.2/36)
The Vaidya shall possess good smruti i.e. memory in order to perform good clinical practices. [Cha.Sa[[Sutra Sthana]]2/36]
विद्या वितर्को विज्ञानं स्मृतिस्तत्परता क्रिया|
विद्या वितर्को विज्ञानं स्मृतिस्तत्परता क्रिया|
यस्यैते षड्गुणास्तस्य न साध्यमतिवर्तते||२१||
यस्यैते षड्गुणास्तस्य न साध्यमतिवर्तते||२१||
Good memory is one of the six attributes of a successful practitioner along with skill, inference, scientific knowledge, promptness in action and perseverance in practice. (Cha.Su.9/21)
Good memory is one of the six attributes of a successful practitioner along with skill, inference, scientific knowledge, promptness in action and perseverance in practice. [Cha.Sa[[Sutra Sthana]]9/21]
कुशलाश्च स्मृतिमतिशास्त्रयुक्तिज्ञानस्यात्मनः |
कुशलाश्च स्मृतिमतिशास्त्रयुक्तिज्ञानस्यात्मनः |
Good memory with scientific knowledge is quality of a life saving physician.(Cha.Su.29/7)
Good memory with scientific knowledge is quality of a life saving physician[Cha.Sa[[Sutra Sthana]]29/7]
====Patient====
====Patient====
Patient having good memory can recover faster as the he can tell correctly about the aggravating time. factors to physician. If incorrect information is provided, then the physician may mis-diagnose it and treatment may be wrong. In the same way, if the patient doesn't remember the proper medicine, dose and time, then it is difficult to attain the desired results.
Patient having good memory can recover faster as the he can tell correctly about the aggravating time. factors to physician. If incorrect information is provided, then the physician may mis-diagnose it and treatment may be wrong. In the same way, if the patient doesn't remember the proper medicine, dose and time, then it is difficult to attain the desired results.
In some cases of mental disorders, like insanity,anxiety,hypochondriasis,memorizing episodes of disease lead to aggravation. Hence memory of the person shall be treated correctly by psycho-therapy. (Cha.Su.9/9)
In some cases of mental disorders, like insanity,anxiety,hypochondriasis,memorizing episodes of disease lead to aggravation. Hence memory of the person shall be treated correctly by psycho-therapy. [Cha.Sa[[Sutra Sthana]]9/9]
====Examiner/evaluator====
====Examiner/evaluator====
तन्मूला बहवो यन्ति रोगाः शारीरमानसाः||३८||
तन्मूला बहवो यन्ति रोगाः शारीरमानसाः||३८||
The examiner shall possess good memory of scientific knowledge in order to examine, validate and authenticate observations. (Cha.Su.28/37)
The examiner shall possess good memory of scientific knowledge in order to examine, validate and authenticate observations. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]28/37]
====Apta (authorities)====
====Apta (authorities)====
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): तिस्रैषणीये प्रथममनुमानादिलक्षणान्युक्तानि, पुनरिह ‘तत्रोपदेशो नाम’ इत्यादिनाऽऽप्तोपदेशादिलक्षणाभिधानं प्रकरणागतत्वात् क्रियते, प्राकरणिको ह्यर्थोऽनुच्यमानो न्यूनो भवति| अवितर्केत्यादि|- वितर्कः कथन्ता अनिश्चितज्ञानमिति यावत्, स्मृतिः स्मरणज्ञानं, विभाग एकदेशः; एतद्विपर्ययान्निश्चयेनानुभवेन च कार्त्स्न्येन च ये भावान् जानते, तेऽवितर्कस्मृतिविभागविदः| वितर्कादिवेदी तु नाप्तः, प्रतिपाद्यवस्त्वशेषविशेषाविज्ञानात्| स्मृतिज्ञानं च यद्यपि प्रमाणमूलमेव, तथाऽपि वर्तमानक्षणे स्मृतिज्ञानविषयार्थस्य नावश्यविद्यमानतेति न तत् प्रमाणमिति भावः; किंवा, स्मृतिज्ञानं स्मृतिशास्त्रजं ज्ञानं गणितज्ञानं च; एतच्च ज्ञानद्वयं साक्षादर्थादर्शकं दुरवबोधेन मिथ्याज्ञानत्वसम्भवादप्रमाणमपीति नोपादेयम्|
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): तिस्रैषणीये प्रथममनुमानादिलक्षणान्युक्तानि, पुनरिह ‘तत्रोपदेशो नाम’ इत्यादिनाऽऽप्तोपदेशादिलक्षणाभिधानं प्रकरणागतत्वात् क्रियते, प्राकरणिको ह्यर्थोऽनुच्यमानो न्यूनो भवति| अवितर्केत्यादि|- वितर्कः कथन्ता अनिश्चितज्ञानमिति यावत्, स्मृतिः स्मरणज्ञानं, विभाग एकदेशः; एतद्विपर्ययान्निश्चयेनानुभवेन च कार्त्स्न्येन च ये भावान् जानते, तेऽवितर्कस्मृतिविभागविदः| वितर्कादिवेदी तु नाप्तः, प्रतिपाद्यवस्त्वशेषविशेषाविज्ञानात्| स्मृतिज्ञानं च यद्यपि प्रमाणमूलमेव, तथाऽपि वर्तमानक्षणे स्मृतिज्ञानविषयार्थस्य नावश्यविद्यमानतेति न तत् प्रमाणमिति भावः; किंवा, स्मृतिज्ञानं स्मृतिशास्त्रजं ज्ञानं गणितज्ञानं च; एतच्च ज्ञानद्वयं साक्षादर्थादर्शकं दुरवबोधेन मिथ्याज्ञानत्वसम्भवादप्रमाणमपीति नोपादेयम्|
The experiential knowledge of science and statistics in memory is considered as authentic proof given by Apta(authority).(Cha.Vi.4/4)
The experiential knowledge of science and statistics in memory is considered as authentic proof given by Apta(authority).[Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]]4/4]
====Shishya (disciple)====
====Shishya (disciple)====
धृतिमन्तमनहङ्कृतं मेधाविनं वितर्कस्मृतिसम्पन्नमुदारसत्त्वं |
धृतिमन्तमनहङ्कृतं मेधाविनं वितर्कस्मृतिसम्पन्नमुदारसत्त्वं |
Good memory is important quality of a disciple. This quality is assessed by a teacher while examining the student.(Cha.Vi.8/8 and 13)
Good memory is important quality of a disciple. This quality is assessed by a teacher while examining the student.[Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]]8/8 and 13]
====Sign of Sattva Sara (purity of mind)====
====Sign of Sattva Sara (purity of mind)====
स्मृतिमन्तो भक्तिमन्तः कृतज्ञाः प्राज्ञाः शुचयो महोत्साहा दक्षा धीराः समरविक्रान्तयोधिनस्त्यक्तविषादाः सुव्यवस्थितगतिगम्भीरबुद्धिचेष्टाः कल्याणाभिनिवेशिनश्च सत्त्वसाराः|
स्मृतिमन्तो भक्तिमन्तः कृतज्ञाः प्राज्ञाः शुचयो महोत्साहा दक्षा धीराः समरविक्रान्तयोधिनस्त्यक्तविषादाः सुव्यवस्थितगतिगम्भीरबुद्धिचेष्टाः कल्याणाभिनिवेशिनश्च सत्त्वसाराः|
Smrutimanta i.e. a person with good memory is first and foremost sign of a person with utmost purity of mind. This is also one of the sign of great mental strength and objective to attain while treating mental disorders. (Cha.Vi.8/110)
Smrutimanta i.e. a person with good memory is first and foremost sign of a person with utmost purity of mind. This is also one of the sign of great mental strength and objective to attain while treating mental disorders. [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]]8/110]
==== Essential feature for good quality of life====
==== Essential feature for good quality of life====
तत्र शारीरमानसाभ्यां रोगाभ्यामनभिद्रुतस्य विशेषेण यौवनवतः समर्थानुगतबलवीर्ययशःपौरुषपराक्रमस्य ज्ञानविज्ञानेन्द्रियेन्द्रियार्थबलसमुदये वर्तमानस्य परमर्द्धिरुचिरविविधोपभोगस्य समृद्धसर्वारम्भस्य यथेष्टविचारिणः सुखमायुरुच्यते; असुखमतो विपर्ययेण; हितैषिणः पुनर्भूतानां परस्वादुपरतस्य सत्यवादिनः शमपरस्य [२] परीक्ष्यकारिणोऽप्रमत्तस्य त्रिवर्गं परस्परेणानुपहतमुपसेवमानस्य पूजार्हसम्पूजकस्य ज्ञानविज्ञानोपशमशीलस्य वृद्धोपसेविनः सुनियतरागरोषेर्ष्यामदमानवेगस्य सततं विविधप्रदानपरस्य तपोज्ञानप्रशमनित्यस्याध्यात्मविदस्तत्परस्य लोकमिमं चामुं चावेक्षमाणस्य [[स्मृति]]मतिमतो हितमायुरुच्यते; अहितमतो विपर्ययेण||२४||
तत्र शारीरमानसाभ्यां रोगाभ्यामनभिद्रुतस्य विशेषेण यौवनवतः समर्थानुगतबलवीर्ययशःपौरुषपराक्रमस्य ज्ञानविज्ञानेन्द्रियेन्द्रियार्थबलसमुदये वर्तमानस्य परमर्द्धिरुचिरविविधोपभोगस्य समृद्धसर्वारम्भस्य यथेष्टविचारिणः सुखमायुरुच्यते; असुखमतो विपर्ययेण; हितैषिणः पुनर्भूतानां परस्वादुपरतस्य सत्यवादिनः शमपरस्य [२] परीक्ष्यकारिणोऽप्रमत्तस्य त्रिवर्गं परस्परेणानुपहतमुपसेवमानस्य पूजार्हसम्पूजकस्य ज्ञानविज्ञानोपशमशीलस्य वृद्धोपसेविनः सुनियतरागरोषेर्ष्यामदमानवेगस्य सततं विविधप्रदानपरस्य तपोज्ञानप्रशमनित्यस्याध्यात्मविदस्तत्परस्य लोकमिमं चामुं चावेक्षमाणस्य [[स्मृति]]मतिमतो हितमायुरुच्यते; अहितमतो विपर्ययेण||२४||
Good memory is essential for good quality of life. (Cha.Su.30/24)
Good memory is essential for good quality of life. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]30/24]
===Origin of Smruti===
===Origin of Smruti===
यानि तु खल्वस्य गर्भस्यात्मजानि, यानि चास्यात्मतः सम्भवतः सम्भवन्ति, तान्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः तद्यथा- तासु तासु योनिषूत्पत्तिरायुरात्मज्ञानं मन इन्द्रियाणि प्राणापानौ प्रेरणं धारणमाकृतिस्वरवर्णविशेषाः सुखदुःखे इच्छाद्वेषौ चेतना धृतिर्बुद्धिः स्मृतिरहङ्कारः प्रयत्नश्चेति (आत्मजानि)||१०||
यानि तु खल्वस्य गर्भस्यात्मजानि, यानि चास्यात्मतः सम्भवतः सम्भवन्ति, तान्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः तद्यथा- तासु तासु योनिषूत्पत्तिरायुरात्मज्ञानं मन इन्द्रियाणि प्राणापानौ प्रेरणं धारणमाकृतिस्वरवर्णविशेषाः सुखदुःखे इच्छाद्वेषौ चेतना धृतिर्बुद्धिः स्मृतिरहङ्कारः प्रयत्नश्चेति (आत्मजानि)||१०||
During the process of embryogenesis, Smruti is categorized under the factors having origin from soul. It shows memory is unique in every individual and can differ from person to person. (Cha.Sha.3/10)
During the process of embryogenesis, Smruti is categorized under the factors having origin from soul. It shows memory is unique in every individual and can differ from person to person. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]3/10]
====Smruti is related with soul====
====Smruti is related with soul====
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत):स्मृतिस्तु पूर्वानुभूतार्थस्मर्तारं स्थायिनमात्मानं गमयतीत्याद्यनुसरणीयम्|
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत):स्मृतिस्तु पूर्वानुभूतार्थस्मर्तारं स्थायिनमात्मानं गमयतीत्याद्यनुसरणीयम्|
Smruti (memory) is a sign of consciousness or living being as it is a power of soul. The memory with soul is in dormant state and needs to be revealed after practice of meditation. The other type of memory includes experiential knowledge which comes after life experiences. It is possible that with extreme practice of meditation, the memory of soul gets connected with experiential memory and the person can remember knowledge of previous life(after rebirth).(Cha.Sha.1/72)
Smruti (memory) is a sign of consciousness or living being as it is a power of soul. The memory with soul is in dormant state and needs to be revealed after practice of meditation. The other type of memory includes experiential knowledge which comes after life experiences. It is possible that with extreme practice of meditation, the memory of soul gets connected with experiential memory and the person can remember knowledge of previous life(after rebirth).[Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]1/72]
====Smruti of previous life (after rebirth) is due to soul====
====Smruti of previous life (after rebirth) is due to soul====
विद्यते सति भूतानां कारणे देहमन्तरा||५२||
विद्यते सति भूतानां कारणे देहमन्तरा||५२||
In living beings, the soul is responsible for ego, enjoyment of the result of deeds, engagement in deeds, transmigration from one body to another body, and keeping the memory of previous life (after rebirth). (Cha.Sha.1/52)
In living beings, the soul is responsible for ego, enjoyment of the result of deeds, engagement in deeds, transmigration from one body to another body, and keeping the memory of previous life (after rebirth). [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]1/52]
====Jatismara (one who remembers previous past life)====
====Jatismara (one who remembers previous past life)====
स्मार्तं हि ज्ञानमात्मनस्तस्यैव मनसोऽनुबन्धादनुवर्तते, यस्यानुवृत्तिं पुरस्कृत्य पुरुषो ‘जातिस्मर’ इत्युच्यते| ||१३||
स्मार्तं हि ज्ञानमात्मनस्तस्यैव मनसोऽनुबन्धादनुवर्तते, यस्यानुवृत्तिं पुरस्कृत्य पुरुषो ‘जातिस्मर’ इत्युच्यते| ||१३||
There is possibility of remembering past life. One who remembers past life is called 'Jatismara'. Purity of psyche is responsible for remembrance of past life as it is united with the soul. (Cha.Sha.3/13)
There is possibility of remembering past life. One who remembers past life is called 'Jatismara'. Purity of psyche is responsible for remembrance of past life as it is united with the soul. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]3/13]
====Sattvaja bhava(factor related with one's psyche)====
====Sattvaja bhava(factor related with one's psyche)====
नानाविधानि खलु सत्त्वानि, तानि सर्वाण्येकपुरुषे भवन्ति, न च भवन्त्येककालम्, एकं तु प्रायोवृत्त्याऽऽह [३] ||१३||
नानाविधानि खलु सत्त्वानि, तानि सर्वाण्येकपुरुषे भवन्ति, न च भवन्त्येककालम्, एकं तु प्रायोवृत्त्याऽऽह [३] ||१३||
Smruti is categorized under the factors having origin from the psyche. (Cha.Sha.3/13)
Smruti is categorized under the factors having origin from the psyche. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]3/13]
====Smruti as a tool to know one's origin====
====Smruti as a tool to know one's origin====
रूपस्य सत्त्वस्य च सन्ततिर्या नोक्तस्तदादिर्नहि सोऽस्ति कश्चित्| तयोरवृत्तिः क्रियते पराभ्यां धृतिस्मृतिभ्यां परया धिया च||४२||
रूपस्य सत्त्वस्य च सन्ततिर्या नोक्तस्तदादिर्नहि सोऽस्ति कश्चित्| तयोरवृत्तिः क्रियते पराभ्यां धृतिस्मृतिभ्यां परया धिया च||४२||
The origin of manifestation of life and mind is not told and for sure there is no such beginning. Their absence can be brought out only by excellent restraint, memory and knowledge. (Cha.Sha.2/42)
The origin of manifestation of life and mind is not told and for sure there is no such beginning. Their absence can be brought out only by excellent restraint, memory and knowledge. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]2/42]
===Smruti as a super-power===
===Smruti as a super-power===
बुद्धिः सिद्धिः स्मृतिर्मेधा धृतिः कीर्तिः क्षमा दया||३९||
बुद्धिः सिद्धिः स्मृतिर्मेधा धृतिः कीर्तिः क्षमा दया||३९||
Smruti is enlisted among one of the eight superpowers of knowledge that are required for learning [[Ayurveda]]. (Cha.Su.1/39)
Smruti is enlisted among one of the eight superpowers of knowledge that are required for learning [[Ayurveda]]. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]1/39]
====Attainment of Yogi (Yoga saint)====
====Attainment of Yogi (Yoga saint)====
शुद्धसत्त्वसमाधानात्तत् सर्वमुपजायते||१४१||
शुद्धसत्त्वसमाधानात्तत् सर्वमुपजायते||१४१||
Yogi can attain the extra-sensorial power of memorizing everything in reality through practice. (Cha.Sha.1/140)
Yogi can attain the extra-sensorial power of memorizing everything in reality through practice. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]1/140]
==What are the factors affecting it?==
==What are the factors affecting it?==
तस्माद्धिताहितं स्वप्नं बुद्ध्वा स्वप्यात् सुखं बुधः||४९||
तस्माद्धिताहितं स्वप्नं बुद्ध्वा स्वप्यात् सुखं बुधः||४९||
Day time sleep or sleeping at improper time can affect memory and intellectual functions by creating obstruction. (Cha.Su.21/48)
Day time sleep or sleeping at improper time can affect memory and intellectual functions by creating obstruction. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]21/48]
===Alcohol can destroy memory and other intellectual functions:===
===Alcohol can destroy memory and other intellectual functions===
मद्याक्षेपो धीधृतिस्मृतिहराणां |
मद्याक्षेपो धीधृतिस्मृतिहराणां |
The episode of acute alcoholism can affect the intellectual functions of grasping, restraining and memory. (Cha.Su.25/40)
The episode of acute alcoholism can affect the intellectual functions of grasping, restraining and memory. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]25/40]
न च बुद्धिस्मृतिहरो विषयेषु न चाक्षमः|
न च बुद्धिस्मृतिहरो विषयेषु न चाक्षमः|
युक्तायुक्तप्रलापश्च प्रचलायनमेव च||४४||
युक्तायुक्तप्रलापश्च प्रचलायनमेव च||४४||
In the first stage of alcoholic intoxication, the memory of the person is intact. Episodes of transient loss of memory are observed in second stage of alcoholic intoxication. (Cha.Chi.24/43-44)
In the first stage of alcoholic intoxication, the memory of the person is intact. Episodes of transient loss of memory are observed in second stage of alcoholic intoxication. [Cha.Sa..[[Chikitsa Sthana]]24/43-44]
यत्रैकः स्मृतिविभ्रंशस्तत्र सर्वमसाधुवत्|
यत्रैकः स्मृतिविभ्रंशस्तत्र सर्वमसाधुवत्|
इत्येवं मद्यदोषज्ञा मद्यं गर्हन्ति यत्नतः||५७||
इत्येवं मद्यदोषज्ञा मद्यं गर्हन्ति यत्नतः||५७||
Smruti vibhramsha (perversion of memory) is observed as harmful consequence of alcohol. (Cha.Chi.24/57)
Smruti vibhramsha (perversion of memory) is observed as harmful consequence of alcohol. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]24/57]
===Gramya ahara(domestic diet and lifestyle)===
===Gramya ahara(domestic diet and lifestyle)===
Improper diet and lifestyle can lead to loss of memory. The diet and lifestyle factors include:
Improper diet and lifestyle can lead to loss of memory. The diet and lifestyle factors include:
Eating sour, saline, pungent, alkaline, dried vegetables, meat, sesame, sesame paste and preparation of (rice) flour, germinated or fresh, awned or leguminous cereals, incompatible, unsuitable, rough, alkaline and channel blocking substances, decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and staled food items, indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested, day sleep, women and wine, performing irregular and excessive physical exercise causing agitation in the body, affected with fear, anger, grief, greed, confusion and exhaustion.
Eating sour, saline, pungent, alkaline, dried vegetables, meat, sesame, sesame paste and preparation of (rice) flour, germinated or fresh, awned or leguminous cereals, incompatible, unsuitable, rough, alkaline and channel blocking substances, decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and staled food items, indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested, day sleep, women and wine, performing irregular and excessive physical exercise causing agitation in the body, affected with fear, anger, grief, greed, confusion and exhaustion.
[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/2/3]
===Smruti vibhramsha-cause of all miseries===
===Smruti vibhramsha-cause of all miseries===
असात्म्यार्थागमश्चेति ज्ञातव्या दुःखहेतवः||९८||
असात्म्यार्थागमश्चेति ज्ञातव्या दुःखहेतवः||९८||
Smruti vibhramsha is one of the cause of all miseries. (Cha.Sha.1/98)
Smruti vibhramsha is one of the cause of all miseries. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]1/98]
तत्त्वज्ञाने स्मृतिर्यस्य रजोमोहावृतात्मनः|
तत्त्वज्ञाने स्मृतिर्यस्य रजोमोहावृतात्मनः|
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिभ्रंशं विवेचयति- तत्त्वेत्यादि| तत्त्वज्ञाने स्मृतिर्यस्य भ्रश्यत इति योजना| स्मर्तव्यं हि स्मृतौ स्थितमिति स्मर्तव्यत्वेन सम्मतस्यार्थस्य स्मरणं प्रशस्तस्मृतिधर्मः| तत्र च तत्त्वज्ञानस्य शिष्टानां स्मर्तव्यत्वेन सम्मतस्य यदस्मरणं, तत् स्मृत्यपराधाद्भवतीत्यर्थः||१०१||
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिभ्रंशं विवेचयति- तत्त्वेत्यादि| तत्त्वज्ञाने स्मृतिर्यस्य भ्रश्यत इति योजना| स्मर्तव्यं हि स्मृतौ स्थितमिति स्मर्तव्यत्वेन सम्मतस्यार्थस्य स्मरणं प्रशस्तस्मृतिधर्मः| तत्र च तत्त्वज्ञानस्य शिष्टानां स्मर्तव्यत्वेन सम्मतस्य यदस्मरणं, तत् स्मृत्यपराधाद्भवतीत्यर्थः||१०१||
The smruti is impaired due to covering of Rajas and Tamas over Atma, leading to impairment of knowledge of truth. This leads to mis-deeds. (Cha.Sha.1/101)
The smruti is impaired due to covering of Rajas and Tamas over Atma, leading to impairment of knowledge of truth. This leads to mis-deeds. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]1/101]
धीधृतिस्मृतिविभ्रष्टः कर्म यत् कुरुतेऽशुभम्|
धीधृतिस्मृतिविभ्रष्टः कर्म यत् कुरुतेऽशुभम्|
प्रज्ञापराधं तं विद्यात् सर्वदोषप्रकोपणम्||१०२||
प्रज्ञापराधं तं विद्यात् सर्वदोषप्रकोपणम्||१०२||
The impairment of memory leads to various intellectual errors called pradnyaparadha resulting in vitiation of all dosha. (Cha.Sha.1/102)
The impairment of memory leads to various intellectual errors called pradnyaparadha resulting in vitiation of all dosha. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]]1/102]
===Disorder of Smruti is important cardinal sign of psychiatric disorders===
===Disorder of Smruti is important cardinal sign of psychiatric disorders===
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिविभ्रमात्तु न स्मरति, अयथावद्वा स्मरति|
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिविभ्रमात्तु न स्मरति, अयथावद्वा स्मरति|
The perversion of memory is cardinal sign of Unmada. It is reflected as complete or partial loss of memory. (Cha.Ni.7/5)
The perversion of memory is cardinal sign of Unmada. It is reflected as complete or partial loss of memory. [Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]]7/5]
====Smruti samplav (abnormality) in Apasmara(epilepsy):====
====Smruti samplav (abnormality) in Apasmara(epilepsy):====
अपस्मारं पुनः स्मृतिबुद्धिसत्त्वसम्प्लवाद्बीभत्सचेष्टमावस्थिकं तमः प्रवेशमाचक्षते||५||
अपस्मारं पुनः स्मृतिबुद्धिसत्त्वसम्प्लवाद्बीभत्सचेष्टमावस्थिकं तमः प्रवेशमाचक्षते||५||
Smruti samplav means abnormal memory function is cardinal sign of Apasmara (epilepsy). (Cha.Ni.8/5)
Smruti samplav means abnormal memory function is cardinal sign of Apasmara (epilepsy). [Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]]8/5]
==== Sign of Unmada(insanity)====
==== Sign of Unmada(insanity)====
विन्दत्यपास्तस्मृतिबुद्धिसञ्ज्ञो भ्रमत्ययं चेत इतस्ततश्च||७||
विन्दत्यपास्तस्मृतिबुद्धिसञ्ज्ञो भ्रमत्ययं चेत इतस्ततश्च||७||
Loss of good experiential knowledge i.e. memory is seen in patients of Unmada. (Cha.Chi.9/7)
Loss of good experiential knowledge i.e. memory is seen in patients of Unmada. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/7]
====Specific sign of Kapha dominant Unmada====
====Specific sign of Kapha dominant Unmada====
छर्दिश्च लाला च बलं च भुङ्क्ते नखादिशौक्ल्यं च कफात्मकस्य||१४||
छर्दिश्च लाला च बलं च भुङ्क्ते नखादिशौक्ल्यं च कफात्मकस्य||१४||
The pathogenesis of Kapha dominant Unmada includes the impairment of intellect and memory due to excessively aggravated Kapha dosha associated with ushma(heat of Pitta dosha) at Hridaya marma (heart as vital organ). This leads to various mental dysfunctions in Unmada.(Cha.Chi.9/13)
The pathogenesis of Kapha dominant Unmada includes the impairment of intellect and memory due to excessively aggravated Kapha dosha associated with ushma(heat of Pitta dosha) at Hridaya marma (heart as vital organ). This leads to various mental dysfunctions in Unmada[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/13]
====Sign of Pishacha unmada====
====Sign of Pishacha unmada====
नग्नं विधावन्तं नैकत्र तिष्ठन्तं दुःखान्यावेदयन्तं नष्टस्मृतिं च पिशाचोन्मत्तं विद्यात्||२०||
नग्नं विधावन्तं नैकत्र तिष्ठन्तं दुःखान्यावेदयन्तं नष्टस्मृतिं च पिशाचोन्मत्तं विद्यात्||२०||
Destruction of memory is a sign of patient of Unmada due to affliction of Pishacha((a class of demons).(Cha.Chi.9/20)
Destruction of memory is a sign of patient of Unmada due to affliction of Pishacha((a class of demons).[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/20]
===Secondary impairment of Smruti due to somatic diseases===
===Secondary impairment of Smruti due to somatic diseases===
तद्विकाराः शीतज्वरः -------च भवति सञ्ज्ञास्मृतिहन्ता च; तं कर्दमविसर्पपरीतमचिकित्स्यं विद्यात्||३८||
तद्विकाराः शीतज्वरः -------च भवति सञ्ज्ञास्मृतिहन्ता च; तं कर्दमविसर्पपरीतमचिकित्स्यं विद्यात्||३८||
Loss of memory is observed secondary to Kardama visarpa. (Cha.Chi.21/38)
Loss of memory is observed secondary to Kardama visarpa. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]21/38]
====Sign of Pranavrita Vyana====
====Sign of Pranavrita Vyana====
व्याने प्राणावृते लिङ्गं कर्म तत्रोर्ध्वजत्रुकम्|
व्याने प्राणावृते लिङ्गं कर्म तत्रोर्ध्वजत्रुकम्|
Decrease in memory is sign of obstruction of functioning of vyana vata by Prana vata. (Cha.Chi.28/202-203)
Decrease in memory is sign of obstruction of functioning of vyana vata by Prana vata. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]28/202-203]
===Assessment parameter for longevity/signs of dying person===
===Assessment parameter for longevity/signs of dying person===
इह खलु वर्णश्च स्वरश्च गन्धश्च रसश्च स्पर्शश्च चक्षुश्च श्रोत्रं च घ्राणं च रसनं च स्पर्शनं च सत्त्वं च भक्तिश्च शौचं च शीलं चाचारश्च स्मृतिश्चाकृतिश्च प्रकृतिश्च विकृतिश्च बलं च ग्लानिश्च मेधा च हर्षश्च रौक्ष्यं च स्नेहश्च तन्द्रा चारम्भश्च गौरवं च लाघवं च गुणाश्चाहारश्च विहारश्चाहारपरिणामश्चोपायश्चापायश्च व्याधिश्च व्याधिपूर्वरूपं च वेदनाश्चोपद्रवाश्च च्छाया च प्रतिच्छाया च स्वप्नदर्शनं च दूताधिकारश्च पथि चौत्पातिकं चातुरकुले भावावस्थान्तराणि च भेषजसंवृत्तिश्च [१] भेषजविकारयुक्तिश्चेति परीक्ष्याणि प्रत्यक्षानुमानोपदेशैरायुषः प्रमाणावशेषं जिज्ञासमानेन भिषजा||३||
इह खलु वर्णश्च स्वरश्च गन्धश्च रसश्च स्पर्शश्च चक्षुश्च श्रोत्रं च घ्राणं च रसनं च स्पर्शनं च सत्त्वं च भक्तिश्च शौचं च शीलं चाचारश्च स्मृतिश्चाकृतिश्च प्रकृतिश्च विकृतिश्च बलं च ग्लानिश्च मेधा च हर्षश्च रौक्ष्यं च स्नेहश्च तन्द्रा चारम्भश्च गौरवं च लाघवं च गुणाश्चाहारश्च विहारश्चाहारपरिणामश्चोपायश्चापायश्च व्याधिश्च व्याधिपूर्वरूपं च वेदनाश्चोपद्रवाश्च च्छाया च प्रतिच्छाया च स्वप्नदर्शनं च दूताधिकारश्च पथि चौत्पातिकं चातुरकुले भावावस्थान्तराणि च भेषजसंवृत्तिश्च [१] भेषजविकारयुक्तिश्चेति परीक्ष्याणि प्रत्यक्षानुमानोपदेशैरायुषः प्रमाणावशेषं जिज्ञासमानेन भिषजा||३||
Good memory is enlisted among the parameters to be examined while assessing the longevity and impending hazards to health. (Cha.In.1/3)
Good memory is enlisted among the parameters to be examined while assessing the longevity and impending hazards to health. [Cha.Sa.[[Indriya Sthana]]1/3]
भक्तिः शीलं स्मृतिस्त्यागो बुद्धिर्बलमहेतुकम्|
भक्तिः शीलं स्मृतिस्त्यागो बुद्धिर्बलमहेतुकम्|
षडेतानि निवर्तन्ते षड्भिर्मासैर्मरिष्यतः||७||
षडेतानि निवर्तन्ते षड्भिर्मासैर्मरिष्यतः||७||
Loss of memory without any specific cause may indicate impending death in six months. (Cha.In.11/7)
Loss of memory without any specific cause may indicate impending death in six months. [Cha.Sa.[[Indriya Sthana]]11/7]
स्मृतिस्त्यजति मेधा च ह्रीश्रियौ चापसर्पतः|
स्मृतिस्त्यजति मेधा च ह्रीश्रियौ चापसर्पतः|
उपप्लवन्ते पाप्मान ओजस्तेजश्च नश्यति||४८||
उपप्लवन्ते पाप्मान ओजस्तेजश्च नश्यति||४८||
Loss of memory is enlisted among the signs of impending death in near future. (Cha.In.12/48)
Loss of memory is enlisted among the signs of impending death in near future. [Cha.Sa.[[Indriya Sthana]]12/48]
==Utility of Smruti in treatment==
==Utility of Smruti in treatment==
मानसो ज्ञानविज्ञानधैर्यस्मृतिसमाधिभिः||५८||
मानसो ज्ञानविज्ञानधैर्यस्मृतिसमाधिभिः||५८||
It is one of the treatment measures of mental disorders. The experiential knowledge of good memory can help to uplift the mental strength of the person in case of psychological trauma. In other way, forgetting bad memories is also implied in treatment of mental disorders. These principles are used in psychotherapy. (Cha.Su.1/58)
It is one of the treatment measures of mental disorders. The experiential knowledge of good memory can help to uplift the mental strength of the person in case of psychological trauma. In other way, forgetting bad memories is also implied in treatment of mental disorders. These principles are used in psychotherapy. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]1/58]
===Important quality of mental health professional and psychiatrist===
===Important quality of mental health professional and psychiatrist===
उन्मादहेत्वाकृतिभेषजानि कालेऽग्निवेशाय शशंस पृष्टः||३||
उन्मादहेत्वाकृतिभेषजानि कालेऽग्निवेशाय शशंस पृष्टः||३||
Atreya Punarvasu has been attributed with the highest qualities of intellect, memory and knowledge while he narrated the chapter on Unmada(insanity). This shows that a health care provider dealing with the mental health, psychiatric disease possess highest intellectual strength and memory in order to treat the patient. (Cha.Chi.9/3)
Atreya Punarvasu has been attributed with the highest qualities of intellect, memory and knowledge while he narrated the chapter on Unmada(insanity). This shows that a health care provider dealing with the mental health, psychiatric disease possess highest intellectual strength and memory in order to treat the patient. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/3]
===A preventive measure of exogenous diseases===
===A preventive measure of exogenous diseases===
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिः पुत्रादीनां विनश्वरत्वस्वभावाद्यनुस्मरणं;यदुक्तम्- “स्मृत्वा स्वभावं भावानां स्मरन् दुःखाद्विमुच्यते” (शा.अ.१); एतच्च द्वयं मानसरोगप्रतिघातकम्|
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): स्मृतिः पुत्रादीनां विनश्वरत्वस्वभावाद्यनुस्मरणं;यदुक्तम्- “स्मृत्वा स्वभावं भावानां स्मरन् दुःखाद्विमुच्यते” (शा.अ.१); एतच्च द्वयं मानसरोगप्रतिघातकम्|
The person shall always remember the ultimate truth about death of dear ones like son, daughter etc., so as to prevent exogenous diseases arising due to grief or bereavement as it occurs. (Cha.Su.7/53/54)
The person shall always remember the ultimate truth about death of dear ones like son, daughter etc., so as to prevent exogenous diseases arising due to grief or bereavement as it occurs. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]7/53/54]
===One of the observable measure for mental health===
===One of the observable measure for mental health===
सेव्याः सन्मार्गवक्तारः पुण्यश्रवणदर्शनाः||५९||
सेव्याः सन्मार्गवक्तारः पुण्यश्रवणदर्शनाः||५९||
One shall always follow and remember good experiential knowledge for preserving mental health. (Cha.Su.7/58)
One shall always follow and remember good experiential knowledge for preserving mental health. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]7/58]
===Treatment for Atattvabhinivesha===
===Treatment for Atattvabhinivesha===
संयोजयेयुर्विज्ञानधैर्यस्मृतिसमाधिभिः ||६३||
संयोजयेयुर्विज्ञानधैर्यस्मृतिसमाधिभिः ||६३||
The patient suffering from Atattvabhinivsha shall be treated to induce his good memory and live with friends having good scientific and spiritual knowledge. (Cha.Chi.10/63)
The patient suffering from Atattvabhinivsha shall be treated to induce his good memory and live with friends having good scientific and spiritual knowledge. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]10/63]
===One of the measure for health in this life and after life===
===One of the measure for health in this life and after life===
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): तस्मात् कारणादात्महितं कर्तुमिच्छता, स्मृतिमास्थायावधानेन सद्वृत्तोपदेशं स्मृत्वेत्यर्थः, सतां वृत्तमनुष्ठानं देहवाङ्मनःप्रवृत्तिरूपं सद्वृत्तमनुष्ठेयम्| इह जन्मनि जन्मान्तरे च शान्तिशौचाचारादियोगजनितधर्मप्रभावात्त्रिवर्गमव्याकुलमुपयुञ्जानास्तिष्ठन्तीति ‘सन्त’ इत्युच्यन्ते, अधार्मिकास्तु विद्यमाना अप्यप्रशस्तावस्थानत्वेन| ‘असन्त’ इत्युच्यन्ते||१७||
आयुर्वेददीपिका व्याख्या (चक्रपाणिदत्त कृत): तस्मात् कारणादात्महितं कर्तुमिच्छता, स्मृतिमास्थायावधानेन सद्वृत्तोपदेशं स्मृत्वेत्यर्थः, सतां वृत्तमनुष्ठानं देहवाङ्मनःप्रवृत्तिरूपं सद्वृत्तमनुष्ठेयम्| इह जन्मनि जन्मान्तरे च शान्तिशौचाचारादियोगजनितधर्मप्रभावात्त्रिवर्गमव्याकुलमुपयुञ्जानास्तिष्ठन्तीति ‘सन्त’ इत्युच्यन्ते, अधार्मिकास्तु विद्यमाना अप्यप्रशस्तावस्थानत्वेन| ‘असन्त’ इत्युच्यन्ते||१७||
The persons shall always remember the suitable and unsuitable things for himself based upon his habitat, season and basic constitution. He shall follow the opposite measures of these three parameters for sustaining equilibrium. One shall always remember and observe Sadvritta for better health in this life and after life. (Cha.Su.8/17)
The persons shall always remember the suitable and unsuitable things for himself based upon his habitat, season and basic constitution. He shall follow the opposite measures of these three parameters for sustaining equilibrium. One shall always remember and observe Sadvritta for better health in this life and after life. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]8/17]
===Sign of curing Unmada===
===Sign of curing Unmada===
त्यक्त्वा मतिस्मृतिभ्रंशं सञ्ज्ञां लब्ध्वा प्रमुच्यते [१] ||७८||
त्यक्त्वा मतिस्मृतिभ्रंशं सञ्ज्ञां लब्ध्वा प्रमुच्यते [१] ||७८||
Regaining original memory is sign of cure from Unmada(insanity). (Cha.Chi.9/78)
Regaining original memory is sign of cure from Unmada(insanity). [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/78]
===An important pre-requisite for administration of Kuti praveshik Rasayana===
===An important pre-requisite for administration of Kuti praveshik Rasayana===
विधूय मानसान् दोषान् मैत्रीं भूतेषु चिन्तयन्||२२||
विधूय मानसान् दोषान् मैत्रीं भूतेषु चिन्तयन्||२२||
The person who intends to follow kutipraveshik rasayana must possess strength with good memory.(Cha.Chi.1/1/22)
The person who intends to follow kutipraveshik rasayana must possess strength with good memory.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/1/22]
==Can Smruti be improved?==
==Can Smruti be improved?==
Verbal teasing or threatening/shouting with anger (tarjana), terrorizing (trasanam), gifts /donations(danam), gladdening and exhilaration(harshanam), consolation (santwanam), frightening(bhayam) and astonishing/exhibition of surprising acts (vismaya) restore the mind to normalcy by diverting it and counteracting the causes of loss of memory.
Verbal teasing or threatening/shouting with anger (tarjana), terrorizing (trasanam), gifts /donations(danam), gladdening and exhilaration(harshanam), consolation (santwanam), frightening(bhayam) and astonishing/exhibition of surprising acts (vismaya) restore the mind to normalcy by diverting it and counteracting the causes of loss of memory.
The patients suffering from unmada should be administered thick ointment (pradeha), anointing (utsadana), massage (abhyanga), fumigation (dhuma) and intake of ghee to arouse mind, intellect, memory and consciousness. (Cha.Chi.9/24-32)
The patients suffering from unmada should be administered thick ointment (pradeha), anointing (utsadana), massage (abhyanga), fumigation (dhuma) and intake of ghee to arouse mind, intellect, memory and consciousness. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/24-32]
===Medicines===
===Medicines===
लाभोपायो हि शस्तानां रसादीनां रसायनम्||८||
लाभोपायो हि शस्तानां रसादीनां रसायनम्||८||
Good memory can be achieved and preserved by following Rasayana (rejuvenation therapies). (Cha.Chi.1/1/7-8)
Good memory can be achieved and preserved by following Rasayana (rejuvenation therapies). [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/1/7-8]
====Ghee possess memory improving potential====
====Ghee possess memory improving potential====
पिबेयुः सर्पिरार्ताश्च दाहशस्त्रविषाग्निभिः||४३||
पिबेयुः सर्पिरार्ताश्च दाहशस्त्रविषाग्निभिः||४३||
Ghee has the potential to improve memory functions. (Cha.Su.13/43)
Ghee has the potential to improve memory functions. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]13/43)
स्मृतिबुद्ध्यग्निशुक्रौजःकफमेदोविवर्धनम्|
स्मृतिबुद्ध्यग्निशुक्रौजःकफमेदोविवर्धनम्|
वातपित्तविषोन्मादशोषालक्ष्मीज्वरापहम् [१] ||२३१||
वातपित्तविषोन्मादशोषालक्ष्मीज्वरापहम् [१] ||२३१||
The cow's ghee possess the properties to increase memory. (Cha.Su.27/231)
The cow's ghee possess the properties to increase memory. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]27/231]
====Haritaki(terminalia chebula) can improve memory====
====Haritaki(terminalia chebula) can improve memory====
स्मृतिबुद्धिप्रमोहं च जयेच्छीघ्रं हरीतकी||३४||
स्मृतिबुद्धिप्रमोहं च जयेच्छीघ्रं हरीतकी||३४||
Haritaki has the potential to quickly correct errors of intellect and memory. It can remove the functional covering over intellectual and memory related functions. (Cha.Chi.1/1/34).
Haritaki has the potential to quickly correct errors of intellect and memory. It can remove the functional covering over intellectual and memory related functions. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/1/34].
====Brahma Rasayana====
====Brahma Rasayana====
(इति ब्राह्मरसायनम्)|
(इति ब्राह्मरसायनम्)|
Brahma rasayana formulation is indicated in improving memory. (Cha.Chi.1/1/56)
Brahma rasayana formulation is indicated in improving memory. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/1/56]
====Chyavanprasha====
====Chyavanprasha====
(इति च्यवनप्राशः)|
(इति च्यवनप्राशः)|
The popular formulation Chyavanprasha can prevent loss of memory and help to preserve it. It can be helpful to retrieve it. (Cha.Chi.1/1/73-74)
The popular formulation Chyavanprasha can prevent loss of memory and help to preserve it. It can be helpful to retrieve it. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/1/73-74]
====Aindra Rasayana====
====Aindra Rasayana====
(इत्यैन्द्रं रसायनम्)|
(इत्यैन्द्रं रसायनम्)|
Aindra rasayana is useful in improving the memory functions and cure diseases with secondary loss of memory.(Cha.Chi.1/3/27-29)
Aindra rasayana is useful in improving the memory functions and cure diseases with secondary loss of memory.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/3/27-29]
====Triphala Rasayana====
====Triphala Rasayana====
(इति त्रिफलारसायनमपरम्)|
(इति त्रिफलारसायनमपरम्)|
The Triphala Rasayana can improve and rejuvenate memory functions if taken continuously for one year. (Cha.Chi.1/3/47)
The Triphala Rasayana can improve and rejuvenate memory functions if taken continuously for one year. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/3/47]
====Shilajatu Rasayana====
====Shilajatu Rasayana====
मेधास्मृतिकरं धन्यं क्षीराशी तत् प्रयोजयेत्||५३||
मेधास्मृतिकरं धन्यं क्षीराशी तत् प्रयोजयेत्||५३||
The Shilajatu rasayana can improve and generate memory if taken as per the method described in (Cha.Chi.1/3/53).
The Shilajatu rasayana can improve and generate memory if taken as per the method described in [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/3/53].
====Indrokta Rasayana (list of herbs to improve memory)====
====Indrokta Rasayana (list of herbs to improve memory)====
(इतीन्द्रोक्तं रसायनम्)|
(इतीन्द्रोक्तं रसायनम्)|
The celestial drugs grown in Himalaya taken in matured form such as aindri, brahmi, payasya, ksheerapushpi, shravani, mahashravani, shatavari, vidari, jeevanti, punarnava, nagabala, sthira, vacha, chatra, atichchatra, meda, mahameda and other vitalizing drugs if taken with milk for six months can certainly improve intellect, memory, quality strength and other desired effects. (Cha.Chi.1/4/6)
The celestial drugs grown in Himalaya taken in matured form such as aindri, brahmi, payasya, ksheerapushpi, shravani, mahashravani, shatavari, vidari, jeevanti, punarnava, nagabala, sthira, vacha, chatra, atichchatra, meda, mahameda and other vitalizing drugs if taken with milk for six months can certainly improve intellect, memory, quality strength and other desired effects. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/4/6]
====Indrokata Rasayana (formulation) ====
====Indrokata Rasayana (formulation) ====
सत्त्वस्मृतिशरीराग्निबुद्धीन्द्रियबलप्रदम्||२४||
सत्त्वस्मृतिशरीराग्निबुद्धीन्द्रियबलप्रदम्||२४||
The formulation told by Indra can give strength to memory. (Cha.Chi.1/4/24)
The formulation told by Indra can give strength to memory. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]1/4/24]
====Mahapaishachika ghrita====
====Mahapaishachika ghrita====
इति महापैशाचिकं घृतम्|
इति महापैशाचिकं घृतम्|
Mahapaishachika ghrita is indicated in memory disorders associated with Unmada (insanity). (Cha.Chi.9/48)
Mahapaishachika ghrita is indicated in memory disorders associated with Unmada (insanity). [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]9/48]
नराणां दीप्यते चाग्निः स्मृतिर्बुद्धिश्च वर्धते||२४||
नराणां दीप्यते चाग्निः स्मृतिर्बुद्धिश्च वर्धते||२४||
The diet leading to apatarpana (emaciation) can improve memory. Fasting can improve memory. (Cha.Su.23/24)
The diet leading to apatarpana (emaciation) can improve memory. Fasting can improve memory. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]23/24]
====Effect of flesh of tortoise====
====Effect of flesh of tortoise====
मेधास्मृतिकरः पथ्यः शोषघ्नः कूर्म उच्यते|
मेधास्मृतिकरः पथ्यः शोषघ्नः कूर्म उच्यते|
The flesh of tortoise and turtle can generate memory.(Cha.Su.27/84)
The flesh of tortoise and turtle can generate memory.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]]27/84]
===Non-pharmacological measures to improve smruti:===
===Non-pharmacological measures to improve smruti:===
#Concentration of the mind and intellect in the soul; and
#Concentration of the mind and intellect in the soul; and
#Review of spiritual facts.
#Review of spiritual facts.
All this can be attained by virtue of the constant remembering of the fact that the soul is different from the body, mind and senses. The latter has nothing to do with the former. [143-146]
All this can be attained by virtue of the constant remembering of the fact that the soul is different from the body, mind and senses. The latter has nothing to do with the former. [Cha.Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 1/143-146]
===Eight factors to retrieve memory===
===Eight factors to retrieve memory===
Attainment of metaphysical knowledge; and
Attainment of metaphysical knowledge; and
Subsequent partial communication of an event.
Subsequent partial communication of an event.
The regime prescribed in verses above, beginning with devotion to the noble persons and ending with absolute mental control (items 1-10) serve as an aid to good memory. If one only remembers the real nature of thing he gets rid of miseries. [147-149]
The regime prescribed in verses above, beginning with devotion to the noble persons and ending with absolute mental control (items 1-10) serve as an aid to good memory. If one only remembers the real nature of thing he gets rid of miseries. [Cha.Sa. [[Sharira Sthana 1/147-149]
===A mean for salvation===
===A mean for salvation===
तस्येष्टैस्तु विचित्रैश्च विषयैर्नाशयेत् स्मृतिम्|३२४|
तस्येष्टैस्तु विचित्रैश्च विषयैर्नाशयेत् स्मृतिम्|३२४|
If the episode of fever is triggered even due to the thought of fever (as like in anxiety), then deleting the memory of fever episode is treatment measure. This treatment of deleting memory is utilized in psychological disease to remove the experiences harmful for health of the person. (Cha.Chi.3/324)
If the episode of fever is triggered even due to the thought of fever (as like in anxiety), then deleting the memory of fever episode is treatment measure. This treatment of deleting memory is utilized in psychological disease to remove the experiences harmful for health of the person. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]3/324]
==Current Researches==
==Current Researches==
Ghadage Pallavi, in her study concluded that [[Smruti]] is streams of previous experience which helps to recollect the facts related to present experience or object. It results from collective action of Atma, Mana, Buddhi and Medha. The faculties like Dhi, Dhriti, and Smriti are inseparable parts of the Buddhi performance. The factors like Dosha, Prakriti, Vaya, Sara etc. primarily influence memory. Secondarily, it can be affected by diseases. It is also one of the key factor in Psychotherapy. Adravyabhuta (Non-pharmacological) and Dravyabhuta (pharmacological) therapies mentioned in [[Ayurveda]] can help for excellence of memory.<ref>Pallavi Ashok Ghadage, Niranjan Yethadka, Narendra
Ghadage Pallavi, in her study concluded that [[Smruti]] is streams of previous experience which helps to recollect the facts related to present experience or object. It results from collective action of Atma, Mana, Buddhi and Medha. The faculties like Dhi, Dhriti, and Smriti are inseparable parts of the Buddhi performance. The factors like Dosha, Prakriti, Vaya, Sara etc. primarily influence memory. Secondarily, it can be affected by diseases. It is also one of the key factor in Psychotherapy. Adravyabhuta (Non-pharmacological) and Dravyabhuta (pharmacological) therapies mentioned in [[Ayurveda]] can help for excellence of memory.<ref>Pallavi Ashok Ghadage, Niranjan Yethadka, Narendra
Trivedi. A Review on Smriti (Memory) and its Affiliates in [[Ayurveda]]. J. Res. Tradit. Med 2017; 3(5): 143-150 available from https://www.ejmanager.com/mnstemps/140/140-1517926642.pdf?t=1555569877 downloaded on April 18,2019</ref>
Trivedi. A Review on Smriti (Memory) and its Affiliates in [[Ayurveda]]. J. Res. Tradit. Med 2017; 3(5): 143-150 available from https://www.ejmanager.com/mnstemps/140/140-1517926642.pdf?t=1555569877 downloaded on April 18,2019</ref>
==External Links==
==External Links==
*http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=search# smRuti
*http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=search# smRuti
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory Memory]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory Memory]
==References==
==References==