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=== Abstract ===
=== Abstract ===
<div style="text-align:justify;">In [[Charaka Samhita]], this chapter focuses on ''garbha'' (embryo and/or fetus) in regards to the origin, definition its composition, consecutive development in the womb, factors for growth, destruction and hindering of the birth. Six factors responsible for the formation of ''garbha'' and sources of respective organs have been described in detail. Sequential growth and development of fetus has been explained systematically in the womb from first month to tenth month of gestation. Detailed description of ''garbhopaghatkarbhava'' (factors inhibiting growth of fetus) and significance of ''dauhrida'' (connection of two hearts and its manifestations, mother and fetus) has been made clear. Causes of the birth of genetically disordered fetus like ''putipraja'' (premature), ''varta'' (Female hypogonadism, chromosomalaneuploidy) and ''trinaputrika'' (male hypogonadism, chromosomal aneuploidy) have been discussed. This chapter also includes the description of classification of ''sharira'' (body) and ''manasa'' (mind). Further types of mind based on predominance of ''sattva, rajas'' and ''tamas'' have been sub-classified into 16 types under three major categories viz. ''sattvika, rajasika'' and ''tamasika'' with their distinguishing features. At the end of chapter, it is mentioned that knowledge of auspicious and inauspicious eight factors for the fetus makes a capable physician.
<div style="text-align:justify;">In [[Charak Samhita]], this chapter focuses on ''garbha'' (embryo and/or fetus) in regards to the origin, definition its composition, consecutive development in the womb, factors for growth, destruction and hindering of the birth. Six factors responsible for the formation of ''garbha'' and sources of respective organs have been described in detail. Sequential growth and development of fetus has been explained systematically in the womb from first month to tenth month of gestation. Detailed description of ''garbhopaghatkarbhava'' (factors inhibiting growth of fetus) and significance of ''dauhrida'' (connection of two hearts and its manifestations, mother and fetus) has been made clear. Causes of the birth of genetically disordered fetus like ''putipraja'' (premature), ''varta'' (Female hypogonadism, chromosomalaneuploidy) and ''trinaputrika'' (male hypogonadism, chromosomal aneuploidy) have been discussed. This chapter also includes the description of classification of ''sharira'' (body) and ''manasa'' (mind). Further types of mind based on predominance of ''sattva, rajas'' and ''tamas'' have been sub-classified into 16 types under three major categories viz. ''sattvika, rajasika'' and ''tamasika'' with their distinguishing features. At the end of chapter, it is mentioned that knowledge of auspicious and inauspicious eight factors for the fetus makes a capable physician.
'''Keywords''': ''Garbha Poshana'' (Nourishment of fetus), ''Garbha Bhavas'' (Factors for fetal development), ''prakriti'' (basic body constitution), development of fetus, genetic and chromosomal deformities, ''manas prakriti'' (psychic traits).
'''Keywords''': ''Garbha Poshana'' (Nourishment of fetus), ''Garbha Bhavas'' (Factors for fetal development), ''prakriti'' (basic body constitution), development of fetus, genetic and chromosomal deformities, ''manas prakriti'' (psychic traits).
mahatIgarbhAvakrAntishArIraM nAma caturtho~adhyAyaH||4||
mahatIgarbhAvakrAntishArIraM nAma caturtho~adhyAyaH||4||
Thus, ends the fourth chapter on “The chapter on the major information of the embryo as conducive to the understanding of the body.” of [[Sharira Sthana]] in the treatise by Agnivesha and redacted by Charaka. [4]
Thus, ends the fourth chapter on “The chapter on the major information of the embryo as conducive to the understanding of the body.” of [[Sharira Sthana]] in the treatise by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [4]
=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===
=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===
#''Dauhradini'' / ''Dauhrida'' - The term literally means lady with dual hearts one of herself and other of the baby.
#''Dauhradini'' / ''Dauhrida'' - The term literally means lady with dual hearts one of herself and other of the baby.
#''Labdhagarbha'' – A lady who has achieved conception.
#''Labdhagarbha'' – A lady who has achieved conception.
#''Vandhya'' – Female sterility. Absolute inability to conceive along with presence or absence of secondary sexual characteristics. An congenital condition according to Charaka
#''Vandhya'' – Female sterility. Absolute inability to conceive along with presence or absence of secondary sexual characteristics. An congenital condition according to Charak
#''Varta'' - Congenital anomalies of female in which she lacks feminine characteristics.
#''Varta'' - Congenital anomalies of female in which she lacks feminine characteristics.
#''Upasneha'' – Attracting moisture. Hygroscopic. A pathway for fetal nourishment.
#''Upasneha'' – Attracting moisture. Hygroscopic. A pathway for fetal nourishment.