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Excessive consumption of astringent, bitter, pungent, dry/ ununctuous food, suppression of natural urges, starvation, and excess indulgence of sex excessively aggravates ''apana vata'' in the colon. This obstructs downward moving channels and gradually obstructs the movement of stool, urine and the flatus causing ''udavarta'', the serious trouble. [5]
Excessive consumption of astringent, bitter, pungent, dry/ ununctuous food, suppression of natural urges, starvation, and excess indulgence of sex excessively aggravates ''apana vata'' in the colon. This obstructs downward moving channels and gradually obstructs the movement of stool, urine and the flatus causing ''udavarta'', the serious trouble. [5]
==== Signs and symptoms of ''udavarta'' ====
Intense and frequent pain in urinary bladder, cardiac region, pelvis, abdomen, and also severe pain in back and sides of chest; flatulence, nausea, cutting pain, piercing pain, indigestion, inflammation of urinary bladder; retention of stool, appearance of nodules in the abdomen, abnormal upward movement of ''vata'', delayed and difficulty in evacuation of dry stool; body becomes rough, ununctuous, and cold and consequently disorders such as fever, dysuria, ''pravahika'' (spurious feeling of the need to evacuate stools with straining), cardiac disorders, ''grahani'' disorder (malabsorption syndrome), vomiting, blindness, deafness, burning sensation in head, ''vatodara'' (affliction of abdomen due to vata), ''asthila'' (stony hard tumours), psychological disorders, thirst, hemorrhagic disorders, anorexia, ''gulma'' (lump like feeling), cough, dyspnea, rhinitis, facial paralysis and chest pain arise. Many other severe ''vata'' disorders are caused by ''udavarta''. Treatment of these ailments will be described hereafter you may listen Agnivesha.[5-10]
Intense and frequent pain in urinary bladder, cardiac region, pelvis, abdomen, and also severe pain in back and sides of chest; flatulence, nausea, cutting pain, piercing pain, indigestion, inflammation of urinary bladder; retention of stool, appearance of nodules in the abdomen, abnormal upward movement of ''vata'', delayed and difficulty in evacuation of dry stool; body becomes rough, ununctuous, and cold and consequently disorders such as fever, dysuria, ''pravahika'' (spurious feeling of the need to evacuate stools with straining), cardiac disorders, ''grahani'' disorder (malabsorption syndrome), vomiting, blindness, deafness, burning sensation in head, ''vatodara'' (affliction of abdomen due to vata), ''asthila'' (stony hard tumours), psychological disorders, thirst, hemorrhagic disorders, anorexia, ''gulma'' (lump like feeling), cough, dyspnea, rhinitis, facial paralysis and chest pain arise. Many other severe ''vata'' disorders are caused by ''udavarta''. Treatment of these ailments will be described hereafter you may listen Agnivesha.[5-10]
#Ingredients: vidanga (Embelia ribes (Burm.f.)), kampillaka (Mallotus philippensis (Lam.)Muell.Arg.), Shankhinī (Xanthium strumarium (L)), latex of- snuhi (Zingiber officinale (Roscoe)), arka (Calotropis Gigantea (Linn)), Jaggery [14]
#Ingredients: vidanga (Embelia ribes (Burm.f.)), kampillaka (Mallotus philippensis (Lam.)Muell.Arg.), Shankhinī (Xanthium strumarium (L)), latex of- snuhi (Zingiber officinale (Roscoe)), arka (Calotropis Gigantea (Linn)), Jaggery [14]
===== Anal dusting treatment/ ''pradhamana'' (insufflation) =====
====== Anal dusting treatment/ ''pradhamana'' (insufflation) ======
The powder of following herbs is to be blown up with a pipe/ tube into the oleated anal canal.
The powder of following herbs is to be blown up with a pipe/ tube into the oleated anal canal.
Thus ends the treatment of ''udavarta''[26-31]
Thus ends the treatment of ''udavarta''[26-31]
==== Etiology, types, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms of ''mutrakrchchra'' (dysuria) ====
==== Etiology, types, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms of ''mutrakrichchra'' (dysuria) ====
व्यायामतीक्ष्णौषधरूक्षमद्यप्रसङ्गनित्यद्रुतपृष्ठयानात्|
व्यायामतीक्ष्णौषधरूक्षमद्यप्रसङ्गनित्यद्रुतपृष्ठयानात्|
If the passage or bladder is injured by calculus, then the urine is passed with blood (hematuria). When calculus shifts from the passage, the patient passes urine with ease. [39]
If the passage or bladder is injured by calculus, then the urine is passed with blood (hematuria). When calculus shifts from the passage, the patient passes urine with ease. [39]
==== Dysuria caused by ''sarkara'' (graveluria)/semen ====
==== Dysuria caused by ''sharkara'' (graveluria)/semen ====
एषाऽश्मरीमारुतभिन्नमूर्तिःस्याच्छर्करामूत्रपथात्क्षरन्ती||३९||
एषाऽश्मरीमारुतभिन्नमूर्तिःस्याच्छर्करामूत्रपथात्क्षरन्ती||३९||
tamaNDayoH stabdhamiti bruvanti reto~abhighAtAt pravadanti kRucchram||41||
tamaNDayoH stabdhamiti bruvanti reto~abhighAtAt pravadanti kRucchram||41||
When the calculus is broken into smaller particles due to ''vata'' aggravation, then such particles which comes out of the urinary passage along with urine is called as ''sharkara''.[39]
When the calculus is broken into smaller particles due to ''vata'' aggravation, then such particles which comes out of the urinary passage along with urine is called as ''sarkara''.[39]
===== Blocked discharge of semen/dysuria caused by semen =====
===== Blocked discharge of semen/dysuria caused by semen =====
If the vitiated blood due to ''kshata'' (trauma) or ''kshaya'' (emaciation caused by excessive discharge of semen) when accumulated in urinary bladder, it causes obstruction and severe pain in the bladder. Vitiated blood when associate with urine forms the calculus, which causes the distention of abdomen and heaviness in the region of urinary bladder however the patient feels lightness when the calculus passes out. Thus, ends the diagnosis of dysuria (''mootra krucchrara''). [43-44]
If the vitiated blood due to ''kshata'' (trauma) or ''kshaya'' (emaciation caused by excessive discharge of semen) when accumulated in urinary bladder, it causes obstruction and severe pain in the bladder. Vitiated blood when associate with urine forms the calculus, which causes the distention of abdomen and heaviness in the region of urinary bladder however the patient feels lightness when the calculus passes out. Thus, ends the diagnosis of dysuria (''mootra krucchrara''). [43-44]
==== Treatment of ''vatika'' dsyuria ====
==== Treatment of ''vataja'' dsyuria ====
स्थिरादिभिर्वातहरैश्चसिद्धान्दद्याद्रसांश्चानिलमूत्रकृच्छ्रे||४५||
स्थिरादिभिर्वातहरैश्चसिद्धान्दद्याद्रसांश्चानिलमूत्रकृच्छ्रे||४५||
abhyañjanasnēhanirūhabastisnēhōpanāhōttarabastisēkān|
abhyañjanasnēhanirūhabastisnēhōpanāhōttarabastisēkān|
Massage, unctuous and non-unctuous medicated enema, unctuous poultice, ''uttarabasti'' (urethral douche) and ''sekam'' (affusion) as well as the diet of soup prepared with ''sthiradi'' (''laghupanchamula'' drugs-''salaparni, prishna parni,brahati,kantakari'',and ''gokshura'') and other ''vata''- alleviating drugs to be administered. [45]
Massage, unctuous and non-unctuous medicated enema, unctuous poultice, ''uttarabasti'' (urethral douche) and ''sekam'' (affusion) as well as the diet of soup prepared with ''sthiradi'' (''laghupanchamula'' drugs-''salaparni, prishna parni,brahati,kantakari'',and ''gokshura'') and other ''vata''- alleviating drugs to be administered. [45]
Intake of oil seeds along with sour things in lukewarm form is also useful. [48]
Intake of oil seeds along with sour things in lukewarm form is also useful. [48]
==== Treatment of ''paittika'' dysuria ====
==== Treatment of ''pittaja'' dysuria ====
सेकावगाहाःशिशिराःप्रदेहाग्रैष्मोविधिर्बस्तिपयोविरेकाः|
सेकावगाहाःशिशिराःप्रदेहाग्रैष्मोविधिर्बस्तिपयोविरेकाः|
daNDairakANAmathavA~api mUlaM pUrveNa kalpena tathA~ambu shItam ||51||
daNDairakANAmathavA~api mUlaM pUrveNa kalpena tathA~ambu shItam ||51||
In ''paittika'' dysuria:
In ''pittaja'' dysuria:
Cold affusion, bath, anointings, following regimen prescribed during summer season, medicated enema, milk and purgatives prepared from the juice of ''draksha'' (grapes), ''vidari'' and sugarcane juice and ghee to be administered.[49]
Cold affusion, bath, anointings, following regimen prescribed during summer season, medicated enema, milk and purgatives prepared from the juice of ''draksha'' (grapes), ''vidari'' and sugarcane juice and ghee to be administered.[49]
The following cold decoction reduces ''paittika'' dysuria: ''Shatavari, kasa, kusha, svadamstra vidari, sali, ikshu, kaseruka'' mixed with water, honey, and sugar.[50]
The following cold decoction reduces ''pittaja'' dysuria: ''Shatavari, kasa, kusha, svadamstra vidari, sali, ikshu, kaseruka'' mixed with water, honey, and sugar.[50]
The decoction of ''kamala'' and ''utpala'' (water lily) or ''shringhataka'' or ''vidari'' or the root of ''danairaka'' with honey and sugar is useful in ''paittika'' type of dysuria. Simple cold water mixed with water, honey, and sugar is also helpful in ''paittika'' type of dysuria. [51]
The decoction of ''kamala'' and ''utpala'' (water lily) or ''shringhataka'' or ''vidari'' or the root of ''danairaka'' with honey and sugar is useful in ''pittaja'' type of dysuria. Simple cold water mixed with water, honey, and sugar is also helpful in ''paittika'' type of dysuria. [51]
==== Formula /recipes for ''paittika'' dysuria ====
==== Remedies for ''pittaja'' dysuria ====
एर्वारुबीजंत्रपुषात्कुसुम्भात्सकुङ्कुमःस्याद्वृषकश्चपेयः|
एर्वारुबीजंत्रपुषात्कुसुम्भात्सकुङ्कुमःस्याद्वृषकश्चपेयः|
dArvIM tathaivAmalakIrasena samAkShikAM pittakRute tu kRucchre ||53||
dArvIM tathaivAmalakIrasena samAkShikAM pittakRute tu kRucchre ||53||
#The seeds of ''ervaruka''- utilissimus (Roxb.), ''trapusa''- Cucumis sativus Linn and ''kusumbha'' along with ''kumkuma''- Carthamus tinctorius Linn and ''vasa- adhatoda vasaka'' Nees mixed with grape juice(''drasha rasa'')- Vitis vinifera Linn drink is prepared out of these ingredients which is extremely beneficial in ''ashmari'' (urinary calculus), ''sharkara'' (graveluria) and all types of dysuria. [52]
#The seeds of ''ervaruka''- utilissimus (Roxb.), ''trapusha''- Cucumis sativus Linn and ''kusumbha'' along with ''kumkuma''- Carthamus tinctorius Linn and ''vasa- adhatoda vasaka'' Nees mixed with grape juice(''drasha rasa'')- Vitis vinifera Linn drink is prepared out of these ingredients which is extremely beneficial in ''ashmari'' (urinary calculus), ''sharkara'' (graveluria) and all types of dysuria. [52]
#Drink prepared out of seeds of ''ervaruka''- utilissimus (Roxb.), ''madhuka''- Madhuca indica, ''devadaru''- Cedrus deodara Loud should be taken along with ''tandulodaka'' (rice washed water)
#Drink prepared out of seeds of ''ervaruka''- utilissimus (Roxb.), ''madhuka''- Madhuca indica, ''devadaru''- Cedrus deodara Loud should be taken along with ''tandulodaka'' (rice washed water)
#Drink prepared out of ''daruharidra''-Berberis vulgaris L, juice of ''amalaki''-Emblica officinalis Gaertn mixed with honey is helpful in ''paittika mutra kruccra''.[53]
#Drink prepared out of ''daruharidra''-Berberis vulgaris L, juice of ''amalaki''-Emblica officinalis Gaertn mixed with honey is helpful in ''pittaja mutra krucchra''.[53]
==== Treatment of ''kaphaja'' type of dysuria ====
==== Treatment of ''kaphaja'' type of dysuria ====
If the dysuria is caused due to the aggravation of all the ''tridosha'' simultaneously and equally, then the physician, should administer the therapies/ remedies to correct the aggravated vāta and there after the remaining ''dosha'' after proper examination.
If the dysuria is caused due to the aggravation of all the ''tridosha'' simultaneously and equally, then the physician, should administer the therapies/ remedies to correct the aggravated vāta and there after the remaining ''dosha'' after proper examination.
In case if the ''kapha'' is aggravated in excess then medicated emesis, if ''pitta'' the therapeutic purgation and if the ''vata'' is aggravated in excess the medicated enema therapy should be administered. [58]
==== Treatment of dysuria caused by calculus and gravel ====
==== Treatment of dysuria caused by calculus and gravel ====
For breaking and flushing out of calculus the effective therapies are explained hereafter and listen to the tested remedy. [59]
For breaking and flushing out of calculus the effective therapies are explained hereafter and listen to the tested remedy. [59]
# 1.''Pashanbhedadi kvatha churna''
Powder of ''pashanabheda''- Cyclea peltata (Lam) Hook.f.& Thomas, ''vasa''- ''Adhatoda vasaka'' Nees, ''gokshura''- Tribulus terrestris Linn., ''patha''- Securinega leucopyrus (Willd.) Muell-Arg., ''haritaki''- Terminalia chebula Retz, ''trikatu'' (''shunthi, marica, pippali''),''sati''- Asparagus racemosus Willd., ''nikumbha''(''danti'') Baliospermum montanum Muell. Arg, seeds of ''himsra''- Capparis Sepiaria Linn., ''kharasva'' (''ajamoda'')- Apium dulceMill, ''sitivaraka''- Celosia argentea, ''ervaruka''-- utilissimus (Roxb.), and ''trapusa''- Cucumis sativus Linn, ''utkunchika''(''Krishna jiraka'')- Carum carvi Linn., ''hingu''- asafoetida Linn, ''amlavetasa''-Garcinia pedunculata Roxb., ''brhati''- Solanum indicum Linn, ''kantakari''- Garcinia morella Desr., ''hapusa''- Juniperus communis Linn.and ''vacha''- Acorus calamus Linn consuming this powder dissolves the calculus in the urinary tract.[60]
Powder of ''pashanabheda''- Cyclea peltata (Lam) Hook.f.& Thomas, ''vasa''- ''Adhatoda vasaka'' Nees, ''gokshura''- Tribulus terrestris Linn., ''patha''- Securinega leucopyrus (Willd.) Muell-Arg., ''haritaki''- Terminalia chebula Retz, ''trikatu'' (''shunthi, marica, pippali''),''sati''- Asparagus racemosus Willd., ''nikumbha''(''danti'') Baliospermum montanum Muell. Arg, seeds of ''himsra''- Capparis Sepiaria Linn., ''kharasva'' (''ajamoda'')- Apium dulceMill, ''sitivaraka''- Celosia argentea, ''ervaruka''-- utilissimus (Roxb.), and ''trapusa''- Cucumis sativus Linn, ''utkunchika''(''Krishna jiraka'')- Carum carvi Linn., ''hingu''- asafoetida Linn, ''amlavetasa''-Garcinia pedunculata Roxb., ''brhati''- Solanum indicum Linn, ''kantakari''- Garcinia morella Desr., ''hapusa''- Juniperus communis Linn.and ''vacha''- Acorus calamus Linn consuming this powder dissolves the calculus in the urinary tract.[60]
#2.''Pashanabhedadi ghrita''Ghee prepared out of above mentioned drugs (four parts of ghee cooked with one part of paste of above mentioned drugs) and four parts of cows urine also helps in calculus in urinary tract. [61]
Ghee prepared out of above mentioned drugs (four parts of ghee cooked with one part of paste of above mentioned drugs) and four parts of cows urine also helps in calculus in urinary tract. [61]
Tribulus terrestris Linn, ''ikshuraka'' (kokilaksha)- Asteracantha longifiolia Nees, ''eranda''- Ricinus communis Linn, ''brhati''- Solanum indicum Linn and ''kantakari''-Garcinia morella Desr. Mixed with sweet curd and taken for 7 days helps in breaking /dissolving the calculus.[62]
#3.Roots of ''shvadamshtra''-Tribulus terrestris Linn, ''ikshuraka'' (kokilaksha)- Asteracantha longifiolia Nees, ''eranda''- Ricinus communis Linn, ''brhati''- Solanum indicum Linn and ''kantakari''-Garcinia morella Desr. Mixed with sweet curd and taken for 7 days helps in breaking /dissolving the calculus.[62]
#4.''Punarnava''Boerhaavia diffusa Linn, ''rajani'' (''haridra'')- Curcuma longa Linn., ''gokshura''- Tribulus terrestris Linn, tender leaves of ''phalgu'' (''kastodumbara'')-Ficus hispida L.Fand ''darbha'' flowers-Briza bipinnata L. are to be triturated and made paste with milk, water, alcohol, or sugarcane juice and the recipe is to be taken in calculus and gravels. [63]
#5. ''Trityadi churna''
One parts of each drugs –''triti'' (smaller cardamom)- Elettaria cardamomum Maton, ''devadaru''-Cedrus deodara Loud., ''kunduru''- Boswellia serrata Roxb, ''pasanabheda''- Cyclea peltata (Lam),''Kampillaka''- Mallotus philippinensis Muell., five salts, ''yavaksara'', seeds of ''gokshura''- Tribulus terrestris Linn, ''ervaru''(cucumber)- utilissimus (Roxb.), ''trapusa''- Cucumis sativus Linn, ''chitraka''- Plumbago zeylanica Linn., ''hingu''-, Ferula assafoetidaL. ''mamsi''- Nardostachys jatamansi DC, ''yavani''- Trachispermum amami Linn. Two part of ''triphala'' (''haritaki, amalaki,vibhitaki'').
One parts of each drugs –''triti'' (smaller cardamom)- Elettaria cardamomum Maton, ''devadaru''-Cedrus deodara Loud., ''kunduru''- Boswellia serrata Roxb, ''pasanabheda''- Cyclea peltata (Lam),''Kampillaka''- Mallotus philippinensis Muell., five salts, ''yavaksara'', seeds of ''gokshura''- Tribulus terrestris Linn, ''ervaru''(cucumber)- utilissimus (Roxb.), ''trapusa''- Cucumis sativus Linn, ''chitraka''- Plumbago zeylanica Linn., ''hingu''-, Ferula assafoetidaL. ''mamsi''- Nardostachys jatamansi DC, ''yavani''- Trachispermum amami Linn. Two part of ''triphala'' (''haritaki, amalaki,vibhitaki'').
Powder of all the above taken with sours (except ''saktu''- vinegar), meat soup, wine and vegetable soups helps in ''gulma'' (phantom tumor) and breaking /dissolving the calculus in the tract. [64-65]
Powder of all the above taken with sours (except ''saktu''- vinegar), meat soup, wine and vegetable soups helps in ''gulma'' (phantom tumor) and breaking /dissolving the calculus in the tract. [64-65]
#6. The paste of ''shigru''Moringa oleifera Lam root which is fried in ghee or oil measuring one ''bilva'', prepared into soup and cooled. Intake of this cold soup along with ''dadhi manda'' (whey) and salt helps in dissolving / breaking the calculus. [66]
Moringa oleifera Lam root which is fried in ghee or oil measuring one ''bilva'', prepared into soup and cooled. Intake of this cold soup along with ''dadhi manda'' (whey) and salt helps in dissolving / breaking the calculus. [66]
#7.Paste prepared out of root of ''shobhanjana''Moringa oleifera Lam. Consumed along with water is good in calculus (''ashmari'') and gravels (''sharkara''). [67]
''Seetopala'' taken along with equal quantity of ''yava-ksara'' is the remedy for all types of dysuria.[67]
#8.''Seetopala'' taken along with equal quantity of ''yava-ksara'' is the remedy for all types of dysuria.[67]
#9.Method of extraction of the calculus ======
After drinking non contaminated wine, the patient should travel on a fast chariot or a horse. Thus, gravels fall out and calculus subsides.
Otherwise it should be extracted by surgeon. [68]
====== 10. Treatment for dysuria caused by obstruction of semen ======
====== Treatment for dysuria caused by obstruction of semen ======
If the cause of obstruction is due to the vitiated semen, then the remedies should be decided depending on the ''dosha'' predominant for obstruction (vitiation of semen). [69]
If the cause of obstruction is due to the vitiated semen, then the remedies should be decided depending on the ''dosha'' predominant for obstruction (vitiation of semen). [69]