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#''Swedana'' : ''Atasi upanaha''
#''Swedana'' : ''Atasi upanaha''
Causes, prevalence, clinical features and management of diseases of head:
'''Causes, prevalence, clinical features and management of diseases of head:'''
Shiras (head) is the site of the indriyas (the seat of special senses), the srotas (channels) pertain-ing to the conduction of indriya and prana.(Cha.Si.9/5) Moreover, prana vayu and tarpaka kapha are located in head. Aalochaka pitta is specifically located in eyes. All the indriyas are controlled by mind. Hence the co-ordination of mind and senses takes place at head.
''Shiras'' (head) is the site of the ''indriyas'' (the seat of special senses), the ''srotas'' (channels) pertaining to the conduction of ''indriya'' and ''prana''.(Cha.Si.9/5) Moreover, ''prana vayu'' and ''tarpaka kapha'' are located in head. ''Alochaka pitta'' is specifically located in eyes. All the ''indriyas'' are controlled by mind. Hence the coordination of mind and senses takes place at head.
Complex structures of brain and spinal cord, roots of nervous system are located in head. All the functions of nervous system are regulated by brain and spinal cord. Twelve cranial nerves are important to be considered in this context.
Complex structures of brain and spinal cord, roots of nervous system are located in head. All the functions of nervous system are regulated by brain and spinal cord. Twelve cranial nerves are important to be considered in this context.
Consequences of head injury:
Injury to the shiras (head) leads to manyastambha (stiffness of neck), ardita (hemiplegia with facial palsy), chakshuvibhrama (improper movements of eyeball/lesions in sight), moha (a state of confusion), udveshtana (twisting pain in the head), cheshtanasha (loss of body functions), kasa (cough), shwasa (breathlessness), hanugraha (stiffness of jaw), muka (dumbness), gadgada (hoarseness of voice), akshinimilana (ptosis), gandaspandana (twitching in cheek), jrambhana (excessive yawning), lalasrava (dribbling of saliva), svarahani (aphonia), vadana jihmatva (de-viation of face) etc.(Cha.Si.9/6)
'''Consequences of head injury:'''
All the above diseases are observed due to dysfunction of cranial nerves.
Clinical features:
Injury to the ''shiras'' (head) leads to ''manyastambha'' (stiffness of neck), ''ardita'' (hemiplegia with facial palsy), ''chakshuvibhrama'' (improper movements of eyeball/lesions in sight), ''moha'' (a state of confusion), ''udveshtana'' (twisting pain in the head), ''cheshtanasha'' (loss of body functions), ''kasa'' (cough), ''shwasa'' (breathlessness), ''hanugraha'' (stiffness of jaw), ''muka'' (dumbness), ''gadgada'' (hoarseness of voice), ''akshinimilana'' (ptosis), ''gandaspandana'' (twitching in cheek), ''jrambhana'' (excessive yawning), ''lalasrava'' (dribbling of saliva), ''svarahani'' (aphonia), ''vadana jihmatva'' (deviation of face) etc.(Cha.Si.9/6)
Clinical features are observed as per dosha dominance and described in the text in kiyanta shi-rasiya, seventeenth chapter of sutra sthana.
All the above diseases are observed due to dysfunction of cranial nerves.
'''Clinical features:'''
Clinical features are observed as per ''dosha'' dominance and described in the text in kiyanta shirasiya, seventeenth chapter of sutra sthana.
Diagnosis and assessment:
Diagnosis and assessment:
Diagnosis of diseases of head is generally based upon history, clinical examination of signs and symptoms of patient. Assessment of frequency, nature and severity of disease are important. Specific investigations are done for each part like eyes, ears and nose. Advanced investigations like Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography scanning, Positron Emission To-mography scans are useful in detecting the space occupying lesions, degenerative pathologies in the brain and spinal cord.
Diagnosis of diseases of head is generally based upon history, clinical examination of signs and symptoms of patient. Assessment of frequency, nature and severity of disease are important. Specific investigations are done for each part like eyes, ears and nose. Advanced investigations like Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography scanning, Positron Emission To-mography scans are useful in detecting the space occupying lesions, degenerative pathologies in the brain and spinal cord.