Changes

The influence of psychic component is very important to conceive and is described in many ways. A lonely place (''rahovisrishta'') is advised because any hindrance to the act affects emission of semen during coitus (CK on CS.Sa.2/3). A positive, healthy state of mind (''saumanasya'') is said to be the best state to conceive (CS.Su.25/40). If the woman thinks about an animal during coitus, the progeny takes the character of that animal (CS.Sa.2/25, 8/14; SS.Sa.2/46; AS. Su.13/3, Sa.1/53, AH.Sa.1/31). Similarly, proper methods for sex (''mithuna'') are indicated and it is advised not to follow wrong methods (CK on CS.Sa.2/3).Normal and abnormal postures (CS.Sa.8/6,58, AS.Sa.1/58-59), contraindication of coitus for both male and female along with their effects (CS.Sa.8/6, SS.Sa.10/56, Ci.24/110-123, AS.Sa.1/21,58; BP.Pur.3/26,5/300-302; BhS.Su.7/5-7) are found in many places. Four ''mahabhutas'' and six sources are the constituents of the ''sukshma-beeja'' which is taken with word ''shukra'' (CK on CS.Sa.2/3) viz. the sperm. (3)

The influence of psychic component is very important to conceive and is described in many ways. A lonely place (''rahovisrishta'') is advised because any hindrance to the act affects emission of semen during coitus (CK on CS.Sa.2/3). A positive, healthy state of mind (''saumanasya'') is said to be the best state to conceive (CS.Su.25/40). If the woman thinks about an animal during coitus, the progeny takes the character of that animal (CS.Sa.2/25, 8/14; SS.Sa.2/46; AS. Su.13/3, Sa.1/53, AH.Sa.1/31). Similarly, proper methods for sex (''mithuna'') are indicated and it is advised not to follow wrong methods (CK on CS.Sa.2/3).Normal and abnormal postures (CS.Sa.8/6,58, AS.Sa.1/58-59), contraindication of coitus for both male and female along with their effects (CS.Sa.8/6, SS.Sa.10/56, Ci.24/110-123, AS.Sa.1/21,58; BP.Pur.3/26,5/300-302; BhS.Su.7/5-7) are found in many places. Four ''mahabhutas'' and six sources are the constituents of the ''sukshma-beeja'' which is taken with word ''shukra'' (CK on CS.Sa.2/3) viz. the sperm. (3)

==== Description of shukra (Verse 4) ====

==== Description of ''shukra'' (Verse 4) ====

The word shukra referred here is described under the term bīja in the context of factors responsible for conception in different texts (CS.Su.11/23, SS.Sa.2/33, AS. Sa.1/68, KS.Sa.5/5). The author also uses ārtava(ovum) and śhukra (sperm) interchangeably with the word bīja (Dal.SS.Sa.2/33). Similarly, healthy pum-bīja (quality sperm) is taken with śuddha śhukra (AD, AH.Sa.1/8-9). Regarding the constituents and sources of śhukra, it is stated that all the four mahābhutas (exceptākāśa) equally contribute in creating semen and the best qualities of these four constituents produce pure semen (CK on CS.Sa.2/4) otherwise it becomes abnormal (GD on CS.Sa.2/4). Though semen is pānchabhautika, ākāśa is not mentioned here since it does not have any kinetic property. Thus, ejaculated semen is said to be catuṣpāda. However, ākāśa being all pervasive, it combines with semen in the uterus (where the semen finally becomes pānchabhautika).  

The word ''shukra'' referred here is described under the term ''beeja'' in the context of factors responsible for conception in different texts (CS.Su.11/23, SS.Sa.2/33, AS. Sa.1/68, KS.Sa.5/5). The author also uses ''aartava''(ovum) and ''shukra'' (sperm) interchangeably with the word ''beeja'' (Dal.SS.Sa.2/33). Similarly, healthy ''pum-beeja'' (quality sperm) is taken with ''shuddha shukra'' (AD, AH.Sa.1/8-9). Regarding the constituents and sources of ''shukra'', it is stated that all the four ''mahabhutas'' (i.e., all except ''akasha'') equally contribute in creating semen and the best qualities of these four constituents produce pure semen (CK on CS.Sa.2/4) otherwise it becomes abnormal (GD on CS.Sa.2/4). Though semen is ''panchabhautika'', ''akasha'' is not mentioned here since it does not have any kinetic property. Thus, ejaculated semen is said to be ''chatushpada''. However, ''akasha'' being all pervasive, it combines with semen in the uterus (where the semen finally becomes ''panchabhautika'').  

The semen createdfrom a six-rasa diet is said to be pure. Excessive use of madhura rasa promotes semen while amla etc destroys it (CK on CS.Sa.2/4).It is also found that if there is unvitiated śhukra, healthy śonita, healthy garbhaśaya, and observation of prescribed diets and specific lifestyles for both male and female partners, conception is definite (CS.Sa.8/17, Ci.30/125-26; AS.Ut.39/79; AH.Ut.34/61-62).The word sampad is related to all śukra, asr̥ga, ātma, āśaya and kāla. Unafflicted (adushta) śhukra, asr̥ga and āśaya, conjugation of soul with śhukra-śonita, having auspicious deeds, and normal season (i.e., no extremities in weather conditions etc.) are characteristics of ideal factors for a healthy conception. From the standpoint of kala, or time,  The ideal time  for delivery is ninth or tenth month of pregnancy (CK on C.S. Sha. 2/6 and C. S. Sha. 4/25 ) as up to this time the fetus gets well developed.  

The semen createdfrom a six-rasa diet is said to be pure. Excessive use of madhura rasa promotes semen while amla etc destroys it (CK on CS.Sa.2/4).It is also found that if there is unvitiated śhukra, healthy śonita, healthy garbhaśaya, and observation of prescribed diets and specific lifestyles for both male and female partners, conception is definite (CS.Sa.8/17, Ci.30/125-26; AS.Ut.39/79; AH.Ut.34/61-62).The word sampad is related to all śukra, asr̥ga, ātma, āśaya and kāla. Unafflicted (adushta) śhukra, asr̥ga and āśaya, conjugation of soul with śhukra-śonita, having auspicious deeds, and normal season (i.e., no extremities in weather conditions etc.) are characteristics of ideal factors for a healthy conception. From the standpoint of kala, or time,  The ideal time  for delivery is ninth or tenth month of pregnancy (CK on C.S. Sha. 2/6 and C. S. Sha. 4/25 ) as up to this time the fetus gets well developed.