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Line 1,372: − + + + Line 1,384:
Line 1,386: − + + − + − • Snēha (sneha; स्नेह): Oiliness, unctousness, lubricity, Moisture, Oil + − • vicāraṇāḥ (vicAraNAH;विचारणाः): A special mode of administration of the unctuous substance either given orally in association with food or administered in any route other than oral.+ − • Ānupāna (AnupAna; अनुपान): Vehicle or medium of transporting food/drug within the body, primarily liquids. A fluid vehicle prescribed to be used while taking medicine or a drink prescribed to be had soon after a medicine is taken. The purpose is to facilitate absorption or assimilation of the drug in the system, to increase the efficacy of the drug and to check the undesirable effects of the drug.+ − • kōṣṭha (koShTha; कोष्ठ): bowel habit+ − • Acchasnēha (acchsneha; अच्छस्नेह): A therapy that emphasizes upon therapeutic oral administration of unctuous substances - either medicated or non-medicated - but without mixing them with any other food or drug.+ − • saṁśōdhana (saMshodhana; संशोधन): A major purification, bio-cleansing, or detoxication therapy. One of the two important divisions of the treatment in internal medicine, it signifies holistic cleansing of the physical system by ejecting out of the body waste products and byproducts of the metabolism and maintaining the equilibrium of humors.+ − • virēcana (virecana; विरेचन): Therapeutic catharsis. Virecana literally means catharsis, and implies the administration of purgative drugs which are pleasant to ingest , and effective in eliminating or ejecting the vitiated dosha, especially pitta, from the lower regions of the body.+ − • saṁskāra (saMskAra, संस्कार): processing (a drug, a formulation, or a food item) with some other substance.+ − • Rasa (rasa, रस) : The first dhātu among seven dhātus , rasa is dominated by Jala (water). This is pumped out of the Hṛdaya (heart) and continuously circulates all over the body to nourish other tissues. It is of 9 Anjalis in quantity. Vyāna and Samāna Vāyu help in its circulation. The major function of the Rasa Dhātu is Prīṇana (nourishing). + − • Śukra (shukra; शुक्र): The seventh dhātu, whose function is reproduction. Generally equated with Semen. Shukra is present in two forms: one, that is pervading the entire body, and second, that which is fertilizing the ovum. It is also predominantly made up of Jala Mahābhūta (water) + − • Oja (oja; ओज): immunity or the general strength of body or the bodily essence+ − • Mēda (meda; मेद): The fourth dhātu among the seven dhātus of the body, whose function is to provide Snehana. It is primarily made up of Jala (water) and Prthvi (earth) Mahabhutas (elements). Designative of adipose tissue and other lipids in the body. + − • Majjā (majja; मज्जा): Sixth of the seven basic dhātus, whose function is to fill the osseous cavities. It is predominantly formed of Jala (water) Mahābhūta. + − • Prakriti (prakRuti; प्रकृति): 1. The nature of an individual or a substance. 2. The physical and psychological features specific to an individual that are produced to the dominant Doṣa prevailing at the time of conception. Prakriti may be classified as Deha Prakriti (physical) and Manasa Prakriti (psychological). Deha Prakriti may be formed or shaped due to the dominance of a single dosha, two doshas or a combination of all the three doshas. + − • Āma (Ama; आम): 1. Raw, uncooked, unbaked, immature, unripe 2. May be associated with food or other physiological entities to mean incomplete transformation or metabolism causing a harmful effect on health. + − • saṁśamana (saMshamana; संशमन): Pacifying, allaying, or tranquilizing therapy. This is one of the two important divisions of Internal medicine, besides samshodhana. It signifies curative or corrective treatment through drugs, food, and conduct by pacifying, and thereby normalizing, the humors that have become errant.+ − • vyavāyī (vyavAyi; व्यवायि): Quality due to which a substance permeates all over the body before getting digested; caused due to activated Vayu & akash; e.g. Bhanga (Cannabis sativa) + − • abhiṣyandi (abhiShyandi; अभिष्यन्दि): substances which cause obstruction to srotas and are slimy & heavy in nature; e.g. Curd+ + +
→Bowel habits and duration of oleation therapy [verse 65-69]
Common method followed for oleation purpose before purification therapies:
Common method followed for oleation purpose before purification therapies:
Practically approximately 30 ml of sneha is administered on first day and based upon duration required for its digestion the dose of sneha to be administed is decided, which is the dose of sneha consumption on last day. For e.g. if a hard bowel person gets appetite after 2 hours of 30 ml sneha drinking and requires medium dose oleation (sneha dose which is digested in 12 hours) then the dose on last day will be approximately 180 ml, which is achieved by gradually increasing doses of sneha in seven days.
Practically approximately 30 ml of sneha is administered on first day and based upon duration required for its digestion the dose of sneha to be administed is decided, which is the dose of sneha consumption on last day. For e.g. if a hard bowel person gets appetite after 2 hours of 30 ml sneha drinking and requires medium dose oleation (sneha dose which is digested in 12 hours) then the dose on last day will be approximately 180 ml, which is achieved by gradually increasing doses of sneha in seven days.
Advanced researches:
=== Advanced researches ===
There are several research work carried out in field of oleation therapies which are as follows:
There are several research work carried out in field of oleation therapies which are as follows:
• Venkataramana B.S. (1967): Roga- Marga and Shodhana poorva Snehana, Department of Kayachikitsa, I.P.G.T. & R.A., Jamnagar.
• Venkataramana B.S. (1967): Roga- Marga and Shodhana poorva Snehana, Department of Kayachikitsa, I.P.G.T. & R.A., Jamnagar.
• Mangalagi S.G. (1979): A Study on Abhyantara Sneha w.s.r to Virechana, Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Mysore.
• Mangalagi S.G. (1979): A Study on Abhyantara Sneha w.s.r to Virechana, Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Mysore.
Scope for further research:
=== Scope for further research ===
• To improve palatability of fats, scientific research on the alternative methods of consumption i.e vicharana must be carried out and the number of vicharana should be increased based upon contemporaneous food preparations.
• To improve palatability of fats, scientific research on the alternative methods of consumption i.e vicharana must be carried out and the number of vicharana should be increased based upon contemporaneous food preparations.
• There is a wide scope in research regarding changes in the properties of fats when boiled with other substances i.e Samskara.
• There is a wide scope in research regarding changes in the properties of fats when boiled with other substances i.e Samskara.
• Therapeutic effects of oleation with fats used today should be ascertain clinically so that they can be accepted as medicinal Sneha.
• Therapeutic effects of oleation with fats used today should be ascertain clinically so that they can be accepted as medicinal Sneha.
• Combination of fats is an area least evaluated and has scope for improvement in fat properties.
• Combination of fats is an area least evaluated and has scope for improvement in fat properties.
Glossary of technical terms
=== Glossary ===
*Snēha (sneha; स्नेह): Oiliness, unctousness, lubricity, Moisture, Oil
*Vicāraṇāḥ (vicAraNAH;विचारणाः): A special mode of administration of the unctuous substance either given orally in association with food or administered in any route other than oral.
*Ānupāna (AnupAna; अनुपान): Vehicle or medium of transporting food/drug within the body, primarily liquids. A fluid vehicle prescribed to be used while taking medicine or a drink prescribed to be had soon after a medicine is taken. The purpose is to facilitate absorption or assimilation of the drug in the system, to increase the efficacy of the drug and to check the undesirable effects of the drug.
*Kōṣṭha (koShTha; कोष्ठ): bowel habit
*Acchasnēha (acchsneha; अच्छस्नेह): A therapy that emphasizes upon therapeutic oral administration of unctuous substances - either medicated or non-medicated - but without mixing them with any other food or drug.
*Saṁśōdhana (saMshodhana; संशोधन): A major purification, bio-cleansing, or detoxication therapy. One of the two important divisions of the treatment in internal medicine, it signifies holistic cleansing of the physical system by ejecting out of the body waste products and byproducts of the metabolism and maintaining the equilibrium of humors.
*Virēcana (virecana; विरेचन): Therapeutic catharsis. Virecana literally means catharsis, and implies the administration of purgative drugs which are pleasant to ingest , and effective in eliminating or ejecting the vitiated dosha, especially pitta, from the lower regions of the body.
*Saṁskāra (saMskAra, संस्कार): processing (a drug, a formulation, or a food item) with some other substance.
*Rasa (rasa, रस) : The first dhātu among seven dhātus , rasa is dominated by Jala (water). This is pumped out of the Hṛdaya (heart) and continuously circulates all over the body to nourish other tissues. It is of 9 Anjalis in quantity. Vyāna and Samāna Vāyu help in its circulation. The major function of the Rasa Dhātu is Prīṇana (nourishing).
*Śukra (shukra; शुक्र): The seventh dhātu, whose function is reproduction. Generally equated with Semen. Shukra is present in two forms: one, that is pervading the entire body, and second, that which is fertilizing the ovum. It is also predominantly made up of Jala Mahābhūta (water)
*Oja (oja; ओज): immunity or the general strength of body or the bodily essence
*Mēda (meda; मेद): The fourth dhātu among the seven dhātus of the body, whose function is to provide Snehana. It is primarily made up of Jala (water) and Prthvi (earth) Mahabhutas (elements). Designative of adipose tissue and other lipids in the body.
*Majjā (majja; मज्जा): Sixth of the seven basic dhātus, whose function is to fill the osseous cavities. It is predominantly formed of Jala (water) Mahābhūta.
*Prakriti (prakRuti; प्रकृति): 1. The nature of an individual or a substance. 2. The physical and psychological features specific to an individual that are produced to the dominant Doṣa prevailing at the time of conception. Prakriti may be classified as Deha Prakriti (physical) and Manasa Prakriti (psychological). Deha Prakriti may be formed or shaped due to the dominance of a single dosha, two doshas or a combination of all the three doshas.
*Āma (Ama; आम): 1. Raw, uncooked, unbaked, immature, unripe 2. May be associated with food or other physiological entities to mean incomplete transformation or metabolism causing a harmful effect on health.
*Saṁśamana (saMshamana; संशमन): Pacifying, allaying, or tranquilizing therapy. This is one of the two important divisions of Internal medicine, besides samshodhana. It signifies curative or corrective treatment through drugs, food, and conduct by pacifying, and thereby normalizing, the humors that have become errant.
*Vyavāyī (vyavAyi; व्यवायि): Quality due to which a substance permeates all over the body before getting digested; caused due to activated Vayu and akash; e.g. Bhanga (Cannabis sativa)
*Abhiṣyandi (abhiShyandi; अभिष्यन्दि): substances which cause obstruction to srotas and are slimy & heavy in nature; e.g. Curd