Changes

[[File:Major Hetu of Janapadodhvansa.jpg|center|Figure No. 1 – Major Hetu of Janapadodhvansa]]

[[File:Major Hetu of Janapadodhvansa.jpg|center|Figure No. 1 – Major Hetu of Janapadodhvansa]]

== Jwara (fever) as a prime linga (~representative symptom) of janapadodhvansajanya vyadhi ==

== Jwara (fever) as a prime linga (~representative symptom) of janapadodhvansajanya [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]] ==

<p style='text-align:justify;'>Jwara is characterized as a condition affecting both physical and mental wellbeing. It is the chief disorder amongst all other [[Vyadhi|diseases]] affecting every living being at the time of birth and death. (Cha. Sa. Nidana Sthana 1/35) Most of the epidemics related to infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] are types of influenza or are almost always associated with fever.<ref name="ref26">Microbial Threats I of M (US) F on. Infectious Disease Emergence: Past, Present, and Future [Internet]. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. National Academies Press (US); 2009 [cited 2020 Apr 4]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45714/</ref> Outbreak of Spanish Flu, dengue fever, swine flu, bird flu, typhoid, cholera, and even the present day COVID-19 are examples of jwara that resulted in some or the other form of janapadodhvansa.<ref name="ref27">Baker RE, Mahmud AS, Miller IF, et al. Infectious disease in an era of global change. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2022;20(4):193-205. doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00639-z</ref> <br/>Sushruta (Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 6/21) on the other hand has also explained few other manifestations of maraka like kasa (cough, bronchitis, lower respiratory tract infections), shwasa (respiratory infections, pneumonia), vamathu (gastric disturbance, nausea), pratishyaya (rhinitis, coryza or upper respiratory tract infections), shiroruja (headache)besides jwara.  These are also commonly observed infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] posing havoc in the community. <br/>Similarly, Sushruta mentions that the infection can also spread through surface contact with things like beddings, blankets, seating arrangement, vehicles, jewellery and accessories. (Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 6/21)</p>

<p style='text-align:justify;'>Jwara is characterized as a condition affecting both physical and mental wellbeing. It is the chief disorder amongst all other [[Vyadhi|diseases]] affecting every living being at the time of birth and death. (Cha. Sa. Nidana Sthana 1/35) Most of the epidemics related to infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] are types of influenza or are almost always associated with fever.<ref name="ref26">Microbial Threats I of M (US) F on. Infectious Disease Emergence: Past, Present, and Future [Internet]. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. National Academies Press (US); 2009 [cited 2020 Apr 4]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45714/</ref> Outbreak of Spanish Flu, dengue fever, swine flu, bird flu, typhoid, cholera, and even the present day COVID-19 are examples of jwara that resulted in some or the other form of janapadodhvansa.<ref name="ref27">Baker RE, Mahmud AS, Miller IF, et al. Infectious disease in an era of global change. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2022;20(4):193-205. doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00639-z</ref> <br/>Sushruta (Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 6/21) on the other hand has also explained few other manifestations of maraka like kasa (cough, bronchitis, lower respiratory tract infections), shwasa (respiratory infections, pneumonia), vamathu (gastric disturbance, nausea), pratishyaya (rhinitis, coryza or upper respiratory tract infections), shiroruja (headache)besides jwara.  These are also commonly observed infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] posing havoc in the community. <br/>Similarly, Sushruta mentions that the infection can also spread through surface contact with things like beddings, blankets, seating arrangement, vehicles, jewellery and accessories. (Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 6/21)</p>

== Management of janapadodhvansa (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13-18) ==

== Management of janapadodhvansa (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13-18) ==

<p style='text-align:justify;'>Acharya Charaka mentions the need of collection of medicinal herbs and commodities which are important for supporting the life in emergencies or epidemics beforehand, as there can be scarcity of the even most basic life needs during such period. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/4)This denotes the basis of disaster management and organisation of healthcare facilities during epidemics. The hospitals should be well prepared with all the emergency and required facilities to combat the health consequences of disasters.<ref name="ref28">Hospital Preparedness for Epidemics [Internet]. [cited 2020 Apr 9]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/hospital-preparedness-for-epidemics</ref> <br/>The principal line of treatment in the management of [[Vyadhi|diseases]] like jwara is pachana (medications enhancing digestion), vamana (therapeutic emesis) and apatarpana (depleting procedures). (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/40) Ushnodaka (warm water) helps in achieving all the above criteria. It is also indicated for the treatment of jwara as it pacifies vata and kapha dosha. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/40) It facilitates digestion and relieves anorexia due to its deepana (appetizing), pachana (digestion) properties. It satiatestrishna (thirst), when consumed even in small quantities. Its consumption is especially indicated in management of conditions like kasa (cough), peenasa (sinusitis), nava jwara (pyrexia), shwasa (breathing abnormality), etc. which represent majority of infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]].(Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 22/58) <br/>The generalized principles for management of janapadodhvansa include the measures for the promotion, preservation and correction of both physical and mental health. The panchakarma is the main line of treatment in these conditions. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13) Vamana is important for the radical removal of vitiated dosha especially the kapha dosha and helps in pacifying the jwara and nausea (hrillasa) related conditions associated with the infection. (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 3/146) Virechana also helps to evacuate the vitiated dosha through the faeces and corrects the agni vitiation. (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 3/169) Basti controls the vitiated vata and helps in excretion of the toxins and faecal matter from the bowel region. (Cha. Sa. Siddhi Sthana 1/40) Due to nasya or nasal instillation invading pathogens get adsorbed on the surface restricting their growth and further progressiom. Nasya is thus particularly useful in the treatment and prevention of respiratory tract infections. Snehana (internal administration of ghee or oil) in form of go-ghrita ( ghee). Jwara involves the obstruction of swedavaha strotas ( body channels carrying sweat) hence it will help to expel the toxins by inducing the process of swedana. (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 3/130) Deepana pachana treatments play an important role at every step in management as maintenance of agni function is of prime importance in prevention of any [[Vyadhi|disease]]. <br/>Dhoomapana is a treatment where the particulate matter in dhooma (medicated smoke) has anti-microbial activity and maintains integrity of respiratory tract. It is thus indicated in many respiratory conditions (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 5/27-32).Gandusha (Oil pulling),kavala (gargling), dantapavana (brushing or cleaning of teeth) act as mechanical barriers by avoiding the entry of pathogens through the buccal cavity.Sharira parimarjana (cleaning of body surface) and snana (bathing) measures contribute to cleansing of the body surfaces and also includes hasta,pada and mukha prakshalana i.e. hand and feet sanitization to prevent the spread of [[Vyadhi|disease]]. (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 5/93-94)  

<p style='text-align:justify;'>Acharya Charaka mentions the need of collection of medicinal herbs and commodities which are important for supporting the life in emergencies or epidemics beforehand, as there can be scarcity of the even most basic life needs during such period. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/4)This denotes the basis of disaster management and organisation of healthcare facilities during epidemics. The hospitals should be well prepared with all the emergency and required facilities to combat the health consequences of disasters.<ref name="ref28">Hospital Preparedness for Epidemics [Internet]. [cited 2020 Apr 9]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/hospital-preparedness-for-epidemics</ref> <br/>The principal line of treatment in the management of [[Vyadhi|diseases]] like jwara is pachana (medications enhancing digestion), vamana (therapeutic emesis) and apatarpana (depleting procedures). (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/40) Ushnodaka (warm water) helps in achieving all the above criteria. It is also indicated for the treatment of jwara as it pacifies vata and kapha dosha. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/40) It facilitates digestion and relieves anorexia due to its deepana (appetizing), pachana (digestion) properties. It satiatestrishna (thirst), when consumed even in small quantities. Its consumption is especially indicated in management of conditions like kasa (cough), peenasa (sinusitis), nava jwara (pyrexia), shwasa (breathing abnormality), etc. which represent majority of infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]].(Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 22/58) <br/>The generalized principles for management of janapadodhvansa include the measures for the promotion, preservation and correction of both physical and mental health. The panchakarma is the main line of treatment in these conditions. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13) Vamana is important for the radical removal of vitiated dosha especially the kapha dosha and helps in pacifying the jwara and nausea (hrillasa) related conditions associated with the infection. (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 3/146) Virechana also helps to evacuate the vitiated dosha through the faeces and corrects the agni vitiation. (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 3/169) Basti controls the vitiated vata and helps in excretion of the toxins and faecal matter from the bowel region. (Cha. Sa. Siddhi Sthana 1/40) Due to nasya or nasal instillation invading pathogens get adsorbed on the surface restricting their growth and further progressiom. Nasya is thus particularly useful in the treatment and prevention of respiratory tract infections. Snehana (internal administration of ghee or oil) in form of go-ghrita ( ghee). Jwara involves the obstruction of swedavaha strotas ( body channels carrying sweat) hence it will help to expel the toxins by inducing the process of swedana. (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 3/130) Deepana pachana treatments play an important role at every step in management as maintenance of agni function is of prime importance in prevention of any [[Vyadhi|disease]]. <br/>Dhoomapana is a treatment where the particulate matter in dhooma (medicated smoke) has anti-microbial activity and maintains integrity of respiratory tract. It is thus indicated in many respiratory conditions (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 5/27-32).Gandusha (Oil pulling),kavala (gargling), dantapavana (brushing or cleaning of teeth) act as mechanical barriers by avoiding the entry of pathogens through the buccal cavity.Sharira parimarjana (cleaning of body surface) and snana (bathing) measures contribute to cleansing of the body surfaces and also includes hasta,pada and mukha prakshalana i.e. hand and feet sanitization to prevent the spread of [[Vyadhi|disease]]. (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 5/93-94)  

<br/>The rasayana chikitsa forms the backbone of treatment of janapadodhvansa as it is pivotal in enhancing the immune response to pathogenic external and internal invasion and stress. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13)Different rasayana acting on pranavaha, rasavaha strotas, annavaha strotas depending on the dosha and site involvement can thus be implemented for management of janapadodhvansavyadhi. Use of various rasayana like Chyavanaprasha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/62-74), Bramha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/41-57), Amalaki rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/2/9-14) etc. are popular in clinical scenario for of maintenance of health during pandemic conditions. <br/>Other non-pharmacological and psychotherapy based approaches like sadvritta palana (following proper code of conduct) and behavioural attributes like satyabhashana (honesty), bhootadaya (compassion), bali (sacrifice), devata archana (devotion), daana (charity), vriddhopaseva (showing care and empathy towards the elderly) are mentioned to facilitate the social and mental health. Providing support and care to people and families affected with pandemics is of vital importance to balance the psychological components of health especially during the pandemic like conditions. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/15-16) <br/>Sadvritta emphasizes on the spread and containment of the sansargajanya vyadhi (infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]]) and their mode of transmission. (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/18) The sadvritta focuses on various domains like physical health, social behaviour, psychological state,hygiene, food etiquettes thus providing holistic care. <br/>The treatment and preventive aspects of epidemics in purview of ayurveda can be summarized in the following table-</p>

<br/>The rasayana chikitsa forms the backbone of treatment of janapadodhvansa as it is pivotal in enhancing the immune response to pathogenic external and internal invasion and stress. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13)Different rasayana acting on pranavaha, rasavaha strotas, annavaha strotas depending on the dosha and site involvement can thus be implemented for management of janapadodhvansa [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]]. Use of various rasayana like Chyavanaprasha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/62-74), Bramha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/41-57), Amalaki rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/2/9-14) etc. are popular in clinical scenario for of maintenance of health during pandemic conditions. <br/>Other non-pharmacological and psychotherapy based approaches like sadvritta palana (following proper code of conduct) and behavioural attributes like satyabhashana (honesty), bhootadaya (compassion), bali (sacrifice), devata archana (devotion), daana (charity), vriddhopaseva (showing care and empathy towards the elderly) are mentioned to facilitate the social and mental health. Providing support and care to people and families affected with pandemics is of vital importance to balance the psychological components of health especially during the pandemic like conditions. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/15-16) <br/>Sadvritta emphasizes on the spread and containment of the sansargajanya vyadhi (infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]]) and their mode of transmission. (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/18) The sadvritta focuses on various domains like physical health, social behaviour, psychological state,hygiene, food etiquettes thus providing holistic care. <br/>The treatment and preventive aspects of epidemics in purview of ayurveda can be summarized in the following table-</p>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:justify;"

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:justify;"

! style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Other measures to ensure the promotion of health

! style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Other measures to ensure the promotion of health

== Recent research work done with regard to janapadodhvansa ==

== Recent research work done with regard to janapadodhvansa ==

<p style='text-align:justify;'>As mentioned earlier the pandemics have been a pressing problems since centuries altogether. The published data suggests that there have three pandemics of plague (since 5th century AD) , 7 pandemics of cholera(17th century AD), Influenza related pandemics (17th century AD) like Russian Flu, Spanish Flu, Swine Flu, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) in the past and Covid 19 (21st century) being the most recent.<ref name="ref60">Piret J and Boivin G (2021) Pandemics Throughout History. Front. Microbiol. 11:631736. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.631736</ref> The data from WHO sugggets that Covid 19 is still prevalent in most of the parts of the world and as of 9 April 2023 more than 762 million confirmed cases and over 6.8 million deaths have been reported globally.<ref name="ref61">Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 13 April 2023 [Internet]. [cited 2023 May 5]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---13-april-2023</ref> <br/>The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic attracted the attention of ayurveda fraternity towards the concept of Janapadodhvansa and its importance in preservation of health of entire community. Significant research work was thus carried out in this purview keeping janapadodhvansa in mind. Few such works are mentioned are mentioned belowHowever epidemiological assessment of various Hetu and Lakshana should be done accordingly</p>

<p style='text-align:justify;'>As mentioned earlier the pandemics have been a pressing problems since centuries altogether. The published data suggests that there have three pandemics of plague (since 5th century AD) , 7 pandemics of cholera(17th century AD), Influenza related pandemics (17th century AD) like Russian Flu, Spanish Flu, Swine Flu, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) in the past and Covid 19 (21st century) being the most recent.<ref name="ref60">Piret J and Boivin G (2021) Pandemics Throughout History. Front. Microbiol. 11:631736. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.631736</ref> The data from WHO sugggets that Covid 19 is still prevalent in most of the parts of the world and as of 9 April 2023 more than 762 million confirmed cases and over 6.8 million deaths have been reported globally.<ref name="ref61">Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 13 April 2023 [Internet]. [cited 2023 May 5]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---13-april-2023</ref> <br/>The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic attracted the attention of ayurveda fraternity towards the concept of Janapadodhvansa and its importance in preservation of health of entire community. Significant research work was thus carried out in this purview keeping janapadodhvansa in mind. Few such works are mentioned are mentioned belowHowever epidemiological assessment of various Hetu and Lakshana should be done accordingly</p>

<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li>In the review article entitled “Scientific aspects of Janapadodhvansa Vyadhi (epidemic disorders) according to Ayurveda in the context to Jwara—An epidemiological and Trisutra-based approach” authors have tried to throw light upon the scientific aspects of janapadodhvansavyadhi in light of epidemiology by correlating the epidemiological triad with trisutra i.e. epidemiological triad i.e. Host, agent and environment.<ref name="ref62">Joglekar AA, Vyas MK, Bhojani MK. Scientific aspects of Janapadodhwansa Vyadhi (epidemic disorders) according to Ayurveda in the context to Jwara—An epidemiological and Trisutra-based approach. J Indian Sys Medicine [serial online] 2022 [cited 2023 Apr 23];10:176-85. Available from: https://www.joinsysmed.com/text.asp?2022/10/3/176/357681</ref></li>

<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li>In the review article entitled “Scientific aspects of Janapadodhvansa [[Vyadhi|Vyadhi]] (epidemic disorders) according to Ayurveda in the context to Jwara—An epidemiological and Trisutra-based approach” authors have tried to throw light upon the scientific aspects of janapadodhvansa [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]] in light of epidemiology by correlating the epidemiological triad with trisutra i.e. epidemiological triad i.e. Host, agent and environment.<ref name="ref62">Joglekar AA, Vyas MK, Bhojani MK. Scientific aspects of Janapadodhwansa [[Vyadhi|Vyadhi]] (epidemic disorders) according to Ayurveda in the context to Jwara—An epidemiological and Trisutra-based approach. J Indian Sys Medicine [serial online] 2022 [cited 2023 Apr 23];10:176-85. Available from: https://www.joinsysmed.com/text.asp?2022/10/3/176/357681</ref></li>

<li>Review article entitled “Conceptual study on Janapadodhvansa Roga and its treatment” focuses on the major causes of janapadodhvansa and purification of impure soil, water and air mentioned according to Ayurveda.<ref name="ref63">Anuradha G. Patil, Hemlata Krishnarao Belorkar, Conceptual study on Janapadodhvansa Roga and its treatment. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(1):275-278.

<li>Review article entitled “Conceptual study on Janapadodhvansa Roga and its treatment” focuses on the major causes of janapadodhvansa and purification of impure soil, water and air mentioned according to Ayurveda.<ref name="ref63">Anuradha G. Patil, Hemlata Krishnarao Belorkar, Conceptual study on Janapadodhvansa Roga and its treatment. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(1):275-278.

Available From- https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1702

Available From- https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1702

</ref></li>

</ref></li>

<li>The review article, “janapadodhvansa in Ayurveda and its contemporary relevance to COVID-19” focuses on the implications of COVID-19, considering it as janapadodhvansajanya vyadhi and methods to curb to the same.<ref name="ref64">Wale Savita, Shingadagav Amol, Janapadodhwansa in Ayurveda and its Contemporary Relevance to COVID-19, Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AIIRJ), Vol- VII Issue- V May 2020, Page No. 56-60.</ref></li>

<li>The review article, “janapadodhvansa in Ayurveda and its contemporary relevance to COVID-19” focuses on the implications of COVID-19, considering it as janapadodhvansajanya [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]] and methods to curb to the same.<ref name="ref64">Wale Savita, Shingadagav Amol, Janapadodhwansa in Ayurveda and its Contemporary Relevance to COVID-19, Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AIIRJ), Vol- VII Issue- V May 2020, Page No. 56-60.</ref></li>

<li>In the article , janapadodhvansaand its impact on Covid-19, authors have focused on the concepts relevant to janapadodhvansa in purview of aetiology, spread and management of novel [[Vyadhi|disease]] COVID-19.<ref name="ref65">Kabi C, Venate P, Prasad R. JANAPADODHWANSA AND ITS IMPACT ON COVID-19. e-Şarkiyat İlmi Araştırmaları Dergisi/Journal of Oriental Scientific Research (JOSR). 2021 Jul 1;XCI:93–105.</ref></li>

<li>In the article , janapadodhvansaand its impact on Covid-19, authors have focused on the concepts relevant to janapadodhvansa in purview of aetiology, spread and management of novel [[Vyadhi|disease]] COVID-19.<ref name="ref65">Kabi C, Venate P, Prasad R. JANAPADODHWANSA AND ITS IMPACT ON COVID-19. e-Şarkiyat İlmi Araştırmaları Dergisi/Journal of Oriental Scientific Research (JOSR). 2021 Jul 1;XCI:93–105.</ref></li>

<li>Authors have compared the different principles of janapadodhvansa to that of the epidemics in the review article entitled “Janapadodhwamsa : A Concept of Epidemic in Ayurveda”.<ref name="ref66">Khayamali R, Khayamali B, Khayamali R. Janapadodhwamsa: A Concept of Epidemic in Ayurveda. Journal of Ayurveda Campus. 2022 Jun 24;2:46–53.</ref></li>

<li>Authors have compared the different principles of janapadodhvansa to that of the epidemics in the review article entitled “Janapadodhwamsa : A Concept of Epidemic in Ayurveda”.<ref name="ref66">Khayamali R, Khayamali B, Khayamali R. Janapadodhwamsa: A Concept of Epidemic in Ayurveda. Journal of Ayurveda Campus. 2022 Jun 24;2:46–53.</ref></li>

<li>In the article entitled “Janapadodhwamsa - An Ayurvedic and modern overview in present era” the authors have tried to throw light upon the classical and contemporary approaches in understanding janapadodhvansavyadhi.<ref name="ref67">Tarun Kumar Kushwaha, Suman Yadav, Ashutosh Kumar Yadav, Janapadodhwamsa - An Ayurvedic And Modern Overview In Present Era, Innovare journal of Ayurvedic Sciences Vol 9, Issue 6, 2021 , Page No. 1-5</ref></li>

<li>In the article entitled “Janapadodhwamsa - An Ayurvedic and modern overview in present era” the authors have tried to throw light upon the classical and contemporary approaches in understanding janapadodhvansa [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]].<ref name="ref67">Tarun Kumar Kushwaha, Suman Yadav, Ashutosh Kumar Yadav, Janapadodhwamsa - An Ayurvedic And Modern Overview In Present Era, Innovare journal of Ayurvedic Sciences Vol 9, Issue 6, 2021 , Page No. 1-5</ref></li>

<li>In the article “Ayurveda considerations on Infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] and their preventive measures w.s.r. to current pandemic situation” the janapdodhwansa vyadhi are compared with that of the infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] which may lead to modern pandemics.<ref name="ref68">Naharia, R., and A. P. Verma. “Ayurveda Considerations on Infectious Diseases and Their Preventive Measures W.s.r. To Current Pandemic Situation”. Himalayan Journal of Health Sciences, Vol. 6, no. 2, June 2021, pp. 29-32, doi:10.22270/hjhs.v6i2.97.</ref></li>

<li>In the article “Ayurveda considerations on Infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] and their preventive measures w.s.r. to current pandemic situation” the janapdodhwansa [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]] are compared with that of the infectious [[Vyadhi|diseases]] which may lead to modern pandemics.<ref name="ref68">Naharia, R., and A. P. Verma. “Ayurveda Considerations on Infectious Diseases and Their Preventive Measures W.s.r. To Current Pandemic Situation”. Himalayan Journal of Health Sciences, Vol. 6, no. 2, June 2021, pp. 29-32, doi:10.22270/hjhs.v6i2.97.</ref></li>

<li>In the article entitled “Role of Rasayan In Communicable [[Vyadhi|Disease]] (Janapadodhwamsa)” authors have thrown light upon the applicability of different rasyana in management of janapadodhvansa vis a vis communicable [[Vyadhi|disease]].<ref name="ref69">Shukla et. al. “Role of Rasayan in Communicable Disease (Janapadodhwamsa)” ejpmr, 2019,6(1), 232-234</ref></li>

<li>In the article entitled “Role of Rasayan In Communicable [[Vyadhi|Disease]] (Janapadodhwamsa)” authors have thrown light upon the applicability of different rasyana in management of janapadodhvansa vis a vis communicable [[Vyadhi|disease]].<ref name="ref69">Shukla et. al. “Role of Rasayan in Communicable Disease (Janapadodhwamsa)” ejpmr, 2019,6(1), 232-234</ref></li>

<li>In the article “Review on preventive measures of Corona with special reference to janapadodhwamsa” authors have thrown light upon the various preventive measures for the management of janapadodhvansavyadhi.<ref name="ref70">EBSCOhost | 152121539 | Review On Preventive Measures Of Corona With Special Reference To Janapadodhwamsa. [Internet]. [cited 2023 Apr 23]. Available from: https://web.p.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=09769242&AN=152121539&h=dAYAG8QLtmPPHjUk6VvIBcR03w4ehphQ9R5ccf4kaGBe4nu5xPHJZXWjh0SviVwi3bVOHL9Ejg%2fSsRnTut13FQ%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d09769242%26AN%3d152121539</ref></li>

<li>In the article “Review on preventive measures of Corona with special reference to janapadodhwamsa” authors have thrown light upon the various preventive measures for the management of janapadodhvansa [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]].<ref name="ref70">EBSCOhost | 152121539 | Review On Preventive Measures Of Corona With Special Reference To Janapadodhwamsa. [Internet]. [cited 2023 Apr 23]. Available from: https://web.p.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=09769242&AN=152121539&h=dAYAG8QLtmPPHjUk6VvIBcR03w4ehphQ9R5ccf4kaGBe4nu5xPHJZXWjh0SviVwi3bVOHL9Ejg%2fSsRnTut13FQ%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d09769242%26AN%3d152121539</ref></li>

<li>Considering the COVID 19 as a janapadodhvansavyadhi, chemo-profiling and analytical assessment of different herbs in management of same is mentioned in the article ‘Chemical profiling of selected Ayurveda formulations recommended for COVID-19’.<ref name="ref71">C. T., S., M., D., P. R., R. et al. Chemical profiling of selected Ayurveda formulations recommended for COVID-19. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci 10, 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-020-00089-1</ref> </li>

<li>Considering the COVID 19 as a janapadodhvansa [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]], chemo-profiling and analytical assessment of different herbs in management of same is mentioned in the article ‘Chemical profiling of selected Ayurveda formulations recommended for COVID-19’.<ref name="ref71">C. T., S., M., D., P. R., R. et al. Chemical profiling of selected Ayurveda formulations recommended for COVID-19. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci 10, 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-020-00089-1</ref> </li>

<li>In the article entitled “Ayurveda and Psychosocial impact of COVID-19”,  authors have focused on the impact janapodhwansa janya vyadhi pose on the psychosocial health of individuals.<ref name="ref72">Mehta, Tanuja; Sharma, Uttam Kumar1; Mittal, Bhawana2. Ayurveda and Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19. Journal of Ayurveda 14(4):p 138-142, Oct–Dec 2020. | DOI: 10.4103/joa.joa_224_20</ref></li></ol>

<li>In the article entitled “Ayurveda and Psychosocial impact of COVID-19”,  authors have focused on the impact janapodhwansa janya [[Vyadhi|vyadhi]] pose on the psychosocial health of individuals.<ref name="ref72">Mehta, Tanuja; Sharma, Uttam Kumar1; Mittal, Bhawana2. Ayurveda and Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19. Journal of Ayurveda 14(4):p 138-142, Oct–Dec 2020. | DOI: 10.4103/joa.joa_224_20</ref></li></ol>

== Summary ==

== Summary ==