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(After this) Lord Punarvasu Atreya said, "''Rasas'' are only six: ''madhura'' (sweet), ''amla'' (sour), ''lavana'' (saline), ''katu'' (pungent), ''tikta'' (bitter) and ''kashaya'' (astringent). Their primordial source is water. Elimination and pacification the two actions, in moderate both being mixed up. Palatability or otherwise are subjective likings. Wholesome and unwholesome are effects. The products of five ''mahabhutas'' (''bhumi, udaka, agni, vayu'' and ''ankasha'') are actually the substratum of ''rasas'' dependent on the natural composition, products, preparation, place and time. Heavy, light, cold, hot, unctuous, rough, etc. are the properties residing in those substrata known as ''dravya'' (substance or drug). ''Kshara'' is called such because of ''ksharana'' (having been poured out or having corrosive action). It is not a ''rasa'', but a ''dravya'' (substance) having been derived from many ''rasas'' and having the amalgamations of many ''rasas'' - predominantly ''katu'' (pungent) and ''lavana'' (saline) -  and produced by a particular method of preparation. Unmanifestedness is there in primordial source of ''rasa,'' ''anurasa'' (secondary ''rasa'') and in the substance having ''anurasa''. Countlessness of ''rasas'' because of countlessness of factors like substratum etc. is not a convincing hypothesis because even a single ''rasa'' is attached to innumerable factors like substratum etc. and yet it does not forego its identity. Even in cases of combinations of ''rasas,'' there is no innumerableness of its primordial source, natural properties and actions. That is why the intelligent ones do not describe the action of the combined ''rasas''. Based on this fact, (I) will describe the characters of uncombined six ''rasas'' separately.” [9]

(After this) Lord Punarvasu Atreya said, "''Rasas'' are only six: ''madhura'' (sweet), ''amla'' (sour), ''lavana'' (saline), ''katu'' (pungent), ''tikta'' (bitter) and ''kashaya'' (astringent). Their primordial source is water. Elimination and pacification the two actions, in moderate both being mixed up. Palatability or otherwise are subjective likings. Wholesome and unwholesome are effects. The products of five [[mahabhuta]] ([[prithvi]], [[jala]], [[agni]], [[vayu]] and [[akasha]]) are actually the substratum of ''rasas'' dependent on the natural composition, products, preparation, place and time. Heavy, light, cold, hot, unctuous, rough, etc. are the properties residing in those substrata known as ''dravya'' (substance or drug). ''Kshara'' is called such because of ''ksharana'' (having been poured out or having corrosive action). It is not a ''rasa'', but a ''dravya'' (substance) having been derived from many ''rasas'' and having the amalgamations of many ''rasas'' - predominantly ''katu'' (pungent) and ''lavana'' (saline) -  and produced by a particular method of preparation. Unmanifestedness is there in primordial source of ''rasa,'' ''anurasa'' (secondary ''rasa'') and in the substance having ''anurasa''. Countlessness of ''rasas'' because of countlessness of factors like substratum etc. is not a convincing hypothesis because even a single ''rasa'' is attached to innumerable factors like substratum etc. and yet it does not forego its identity. Even in cases of combinations of ''rasas,'' there is no innumerableness of its primordial source, natural properties and actions. That is why the intelligent ones do not describe the action of the combined ''rasas''. Based on this fact, (I) will describe the characters of uncombined six ''rasas'' separately.” [9]

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