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==Mental health==

==Mental health==

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As per the World Health Organization, mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively, and can contribute to his or her community. Mental health is an integral part of health; indeed, there is no health without mental health.  Mental health is determined by a range of socioeconomic, biological and environmental factors.  It leads to psychological well-being and is an integral part of good quality of life.  

As per the World Health Organization, mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively, and can contribute to his or her community. Mental health is an integral part of health; indeed, there is no health without mental health.  Mental health is determined by a range of socioeconomic, biological and environmental factors.<ref>Available from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response cited on 25/05/2021</ref>   It leads to psychological well-being and is an integral part of good quality of life.  

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==Importance of mental tranquility in the preservation of health:==  

==Importance of mental tranquility in the preservation of health:==  

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The mind plays a vital role in digestion and metabolism ([[agni]]). A positive mental attitude and concentration of the mind on food are crucial for proper digestion. [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 1/25] The negative mental attitude adversely affects digestive health and leads to the production of toxic metabolites ([[ama]]), even though the meals are of proper quality and quantity. [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 2/8-9] Research suggests that mental health is closely linked with gastrointestinal health. Emotions like stress, anxiety, mood swings may trigger stomach problems, and gastrointestinal disturbances affect mental health.

The mind plays a vital role in digestion and metabolism ([[agni]]). A positive mental attitude and concentration of the mind on food are crucial for proper digestion. [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 1/25] The negative mental attitude adversely affects digestive health and leads to the production of toxic metabolites ([[ama]]), even though the meals are of proper quality and quantity. [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 2/8-9] Research suggests that mental health is closely linked with gastrointestinal health. Emotions like stress, anxiety, mood swings may trigger stomach problems, and gastrointestinal disturbances affect mental health.<ref>Park AJ, Collins J, Blennerhassett PA, Ghia JE, Verdu EF, Bercik P, Collins SM. Altered colonic function and microbiota profile in a mouse model of chronic depression. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2013 Sep;25(9):733-e575. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12153. Epub 2013 Jun 17. PMID: 23773726; PMCID: PMC3912902.</ref> <ref>Washabau, R. J. (2013). Chapter 41 - Antispasmodic Agents (R. J. Washabau & M. J. B. T.-C. and F. G. Day (eds.); pp. 481–485). W.B. Saunders. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-3661-6.00041-9</ref>

   

   

The tranquility of mind is essential for proper nourishment of body. A calm mental state and happiness are important factors for gaining weight in asthenic individuals (karshya). [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 21/29]  

The tranquility of mind is essential for proper nourishment of body. A calm mental state and happiness are important factors for gaining weight in asthenic individuals (karshya). [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 21/29]  

Mind plays an important role in natural sleep (nidra). Fatigue after involvement in proper mental activities and temporary cessation from involvement in all sensory activities are important for natural sleep. Detachment of mind from senses and feeling of comfort causes sleep. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]]] 21/35,52,53]   

Mind plays an important role in natural sleep (nidra). Fatigue after involvement in proper mental activities and temporary cessation from involvement in all sensory activities are important for natural sleep. Detachment of mind from senses and feeling of comfort causes sleep. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]]] 21/35,52,53]   

    

    

The reproductive health and sexual pleasure depend upon state of mind. Happy state of mind has an aphrodisiac effect. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/36-45] Tranquilized and happy state of mind is the first and foremost factor for conception. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] Recent research suggests that psychological interventions in lowering psychological distress significantly increase pregnancy rates.  

The reproductive health and sexual pleasure depend upon state of mind. Happy state of mind has an aphrodisiac effect. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/36-45] Tranquilized and happy state of mind is the first and foremost factor for conception. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] Recent research suggests that psychological interventions in lowering psychological distress significantly increase pregnancy rates.<ref>Rooney KL, Domar AD. The relationship between stress and infertility. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2018;20(1):41-47. doi:10.31887/DCNS.2018.20.1/klrooney</ref>

   

   

Positive mental health can prevent diseases. A depressed mental state increases the susceptibility and severity of diseases. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] The psychological state can directly influence immunity through neuro-endocrine axis.  Mental trauma can affect recovery from existing diseases. The persons suffering from cardiac diseases [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26, [[Sutra Sthana]] 30/13-14] and cerebro-vascular diseases like coma [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 24/53] should be protected from any kind of mental trauma. Death may occur due to depletion of mental strength in case of severe disease. [Cha.Sa.[[Indriya Sthana]] 11/23-24]  

Positive mental health can prevent diseases. A depressed mental state increases the susceptibility and severity of diseases. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] The psychological state can directly influence immunity through neuro-endocrine axis.  Mental trauma can affect recovery from existing diseases. The persons suffering from cardiac diseases [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26, [[Sutra Sthana]] 30/13-14] and cerebro-vascular diseases like coma [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 24/53] should be protected from any kind of mental trauma. Death may occur due to depletion of mental strength in case of severe disease. [Cha.Sa.[[Indriya Sthana]] 11/23-24]  

It is observed that depression is common among people who have chronic illnesses. These include Alzheimer's disease, autoimmune diseases (including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis), cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, HIV/AIDS, hypothyroidism, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. The depressed state of mind can influence the convalescence in these illnesses. It is essential to treat depression in such conditions.

It is observed that depression is common among people who have chronic illnesses. These include Alzheimer's disease, autoimmune diseases (including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis), cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, HIV/AIDS, hypothyroidism, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. The depressed state of mind can influence the convalescence in these illnesses. It is essential to treat depression in such conditions.<ref>Available from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/chronic-illness-mental-health/ cited on 25/05/2021 </ref>

    

    

It is vital to understand the mind and its mechanisms related to health and disease. Positive Mental health can be achieved and preserved through knowledge of self- somatic constitution and psychological constitution, following a proper diet, taking herbs that promote intellect and memory (medhya [[rasayana]]). Ayurvedic therapies like therapeutic massage (abhyanga), oil dripping method on head (shirodhara) and purification therapies ([[panchakarma]]) are effective in the prevention and management of psychiatric diseases. Daily routine ([[dinacharya]]) including exercise, meditation, proper sleep habits, seasonal adaptations, and restraints of negative psychological emotion, is helpful. These are the critical factors for a healthy mind and the preservation of mental health.  This article describes the concept of mind in [[Ayurveda]] and its role in healthcare.

It is vital to understand the mind and its mechanisms related to health and disease. Positive Mental health can be achieved and preserved through knowledge of self- somatic constitution and psychological constitution, following a proper diet, taking herbs that promote intellect and memory (medhya [[rasayana]]). Ayurvedic therapies like therapeutic massage (abhyanga), oil dripping method on head (shirodhara) and purification therapies ([[panchakarma]]) are effective in the prevention and management of psychiatric diseases. Daily routine ([[dinacharya]]) including exercise, meditation, proper sleep habits, seasonal adaptations, and restraints of negative psychological emotion, is helpful. These are the critical factors for a healthy mind and the preservation of mental health.<ref>Deole Y.S. How to preserve and protect mental health? Three Ayurvedic ways to prevent neuropsychiatric disorders. Journal of the Science of Healing Outcomes. 2016;8 (30):5-12.</ref> This article describes the concept of mind in [[Ayurveda]] and its role in healthcare.

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==Etymology and definition:==

==Etymology and definition:==

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The word ‘manas’ is derived from the Sanskrit root ‘mana’, meaning to know or understand. (‘Jnane Bodhane va’).  The word ‘jnane’ denotes knowing, conscience, awareness, engaging in, or being acquainted with something. The word ‘bodhane’ refers to waking, understanding, signifying, awakening, enlightening, informing.   These two words indicate mana functions and their role in daily living to maintain equilibrium in cognitive faculties.   

The word ‘manas’ is derived from the Sanskrit root ‘mana’, meaning to know or understand. (‘Jnane Bodhane va’).<ref>Shabdakalpadrum</ref>   The word ‘jnane’ denotes knowing, conscience, awareness, engaging in, or being acquainted with something. The word ‘bodhane’ refers to waking, understanding, signifying, awakening, enlightening, informing.<ref>Available from https://spokensanskrit.org/ cited on 03/02/2021 </ref> These two words indicate mana functions and their role in daily living to maintain equilibrium in cognitive faculties.   

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==Synonyms:==

==Synonyms:==