Changes

''Snuhi'' is being referred to as ''tikshnatama'' (strongest drastic) drug for inducing the purgation which suggests it has strong action and should be used cautiously. ''Snuhi'' can be used only when ''dosha'' accumulated is of large quantity where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in ''mridukoshtha'' (Laxed bowel). [3-4]

''Snuhi'' is being referred to as ''tikshnatama'' (strongest drastic) drug for inducing the purgation which suggests it has strong action and should be used cautiously. ''Snuhi'' can be used only when ''dosha'' accumulated is of large quantity where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in ''mridukoshtha'' (Laxed bowel). [3-4]

Charaka in 5th Chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] advises use of this drug along with ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum) in ''vata gulma'' along with honey and ghee as adjuvants.( Ch.Ch.5 /153) Apart from this those suffering from ''udara'' (ascitis) and has ''krurakoshta'' (hard bowel) leaves of ''snuhi''  are to be used as vegetable.

Charaka in 5th Chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] advises use of this drug along with ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum) in ''vata gulma'' along with honey and ghee as adjuvants.[ Cha. Sa.[ Chikitsa Sthana]] 5 /153] Apart from this those suffering from ''udara'' (ascitis) and has ''krurakoshta'' (hard bowel) leaves of ''snuhi''  are to be used as vegetable.

''Snuhi'' is indicated in some of the chronic diseases like ''pandu, udara'' etc. Charaka advises ''kshara gutika'' in ''grahani'' which has ''snuhi ksheera'' in it.  ''Tandula'' ( Rice) soaked with ''snuhi ksheera'' should be dried and given to persons suffering from ''udara'' in the form of ''peya''. ''Pippali'' should be given with 21 trituration of ''snuhi ksheera'' and may be administered to persons suffering from ''udara''.

''Snuhi'' is indicated in some of the chronic diseases like ''pandu, udara'' etc. Charaka advises ''kshara gutika'' in ''grahani'' which has ''snuhi ksheera'' in it.  ''Tandula'' ( Rice) soaked with ''snuhi ksheera'' should be dried and given to persons suffering from ''udara'' in the form of ''peya''. ''Pippali'' should be given with 21 trituration of ''snuhi ksheera'' and may be administered to persons suffering from ''udara''.

In ''Rajanighantu'' few more synonyms are mentioned like ''vatari'' (overcomes ''vata'' ), ''bhadra''( auspicious), ''vyaghranakha'' (sharp in its action), ''netrari'' (harmful to eyes) and ''dandavrikshaka'' (small tree). A variety of ''snuhi'' i.e. ''tridhara'' is said to be useful in ''rasasiddhi''.<ref>Indradev Tripathi, Rajanighantu of Pt Narahari, Chaukhmbha Orientalia 4th Edition,2006,p.no 272</ref>

In ''Rajanighantu'' few more synonyms are mentioned like ''vatari'' (overcomes ''vata'' ), ''bhadra''( auspicious), ''vyaghranakha'' (sharp in its action), ''netrari'' (harmful to eyes) and ''dandavrikshaka'' (small tree). A variety of ''snuhi'' i.e. ''tridhara'' is said to be useful in ''rasasiddhi''.<ref>Indradev Tripathi, Rajanighantu of Pt Narahari, Chaukhmbha Orientalia 4th Edition,2006,p.no 272</ref>

Ghee prepared with ''snuhi'' latex is useful in ''gulma, udara'' and ''garavisha''.(Ch. Chi. 13/138). <ref>R K Sharma, Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vol III, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series,2009, P.No 559</ref>

Ghee prepared with ''snuhi'' latex is useful in ''gulma, udara'' and ''garavisha''.[Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 13/138].  

In ''arsha, alepa'' (paste) of ''snuhi'' latex with powder of turmeric is done.(Ch. Chi. 14/52-57)(Su. Chi. 6/12).<ref>R K Sharma, Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vol III, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series,2009, P.No 593</ref>

In ''arsha, alepa'' (paste) of ''snuhi'' latex with powder of turmeric is done.(Ch. Chi. 14/52-57)(Su. Chi. 6/12).<ref>R K Sharma, Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vol III, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series,2009, P.No 593</ref>

In ''shwitra'' (leucoderma) ''bhallataka'' (Semecarpus anacardium) is immersed in cow’s urine for 3 days dried in the shade and made into paste with ''snuhi'' latex and applied to the affected part.(As. Hri. Chi. 20/11).<ref>K R Shrikantha Murthy, Vagbhathas Ashtanga Hridaya, Vol II,Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi,2009, p.no 82</ref>

In ''shwitra'' (leucoderma) ''bhallataka'' (Semecarpus anacardium) is immersed in cow’s urine for 3 days dried in the shade and made into paste with ''snuhi'' latex and applied to the affected part.(As. Hri. Chi. 20/11).<ref>

K R Shrikantha Murthy, Vagbhathas Ashtanga Hridaya, Vol II,Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi,2009, p.no 82</ref>

In ''udararoga'', ghee prepared with ''dadhimanda'' is administered. (Ch. Chi. 13/141).<ref>R K Sharma, Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vol III, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series,2009, P.No 559</ref>

In ''udararoga'', ghee prepared with ''dadhimanda'' is administered. (Ch. Chi. 13/141).<ref>R K Sharma, Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vol III, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series,2009, P.No 559</ref>

In ''vicharchika'' (eczema) – ''sarshapa'' (mustard plant) is made into a paste is concealed in ''snuhi'' plant which is cooked in the fire, is applied on eczema. The same has been explained in Chakradutta as grihadhoomadi lepa.<ref>P V Sharma, Chakradatta, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, Edition 2007, p.no 394</ref>

In ''vicharchika'' (eczema) – ''sarshapa'' (mustard plant) is made into a paste is concealed in ''snuhi'' plant which is cooked in the fire, is applied on eczema. The same has been explained in Chakradutta as grihadhoomadi lepa.<ref>P V Sharma, Chakradatta, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, Edition 2007, p.no 394</ref>

Snehalavana prepared with snuhi is very much useful in vatavyadhi (Su. Chi. 4/31).<ref>K R Shrikantha Murthy, Illustrated Sushruta Samhita, Vol II,Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, Edition 2008,  p.no 62</ref>

Snehalavana prepared with snuhi is very much useful in vatavyadhi.<ref>

To protect from masoorika snuhi studded with red flag should be placed in an earthen pot and placed in the house (Chakradutta 54/48).<ref>P V Sharma, Chakradatta, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, Edition 2007, p.no 433</ref>

Sushruta. Chikitsa Sthana, Cha.4 Vatavyadhi Chikitsitam Adhyaya verse 31. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1.</ref>

To protect from masoorika snuhi studded with red flag should be placed in an earthen pot and placed in the house.<ref>Chakrapani, chapter 54, verse 48, In:P V Sharma,Editor, Chakradatta,? ed, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2007, p.no 433</ref>

''Snuhyadya taila'' is useful in baldness and hair loss (Chakradutta).<ref>P V Sharma, Chakradatta, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, Edition 2007, p.no 446</ref>

 

''Snuhyadya taila'' is useful in baldness and hair loss.<ref>Chakrapani,Chakradatta edited by In:P V Sharma,? ed, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2007, p.no 433</ref>

''Snuhi ksheera'' is considered to be toxic, thus it needs  purification prior to its therapeutic usage. ''Bilvadi'' drugs reduce the severe intensity of the latex and help to bring out the necessary action. Thus purified latex is given with seven different adjuvants according to individuals and physicians need.[10-12½]  

''Snuhi ksheera'' is considered to be toxic, thus it needs  purification prior to its therapeutic usage. ''Bilvadi'' drugs reduce the severe intensity of the latex and help to bring out the necessary action. Thus purified latex is given with seven different adjuvants according to individuals and physicians need.[10-12½]  

Those who cannot withstand the strong purgative action of the drug may be administered the drug in the inhalation form where the purgative action is seen but intensity of action is reduced. This method of administration of the drug can be done to ''mridukoshthi'' (soft bowel). It is a novel way of administration of drugs which can be compared with aerosols [15-17]

Those who cannot withstand the strong purgative action of the drug may be administered the drug in the inhalation form where the purgative action is seen but intensity of action is reduced. This method of administration of the drug can be done to ''mridukoshthi'' (soft bowel). It is a novel way of administration of drugs which can be compared with aerosols [15-17]

Many a times it becomes difficult to preserve the fresh drug for the longer duration, in such cases, drug is used as ''avaleha'' (linctus) or ''arishta'' (medicated liquor) which can be stored for use later. In this form drug is palatable and is easily taken by the individual.[18-,19]With addition of ''kashaya'' of ''dashamoola, kulattha, yava, shyamadi ghrita'' may be taken.(Ca. Su. 8/13) Three recipes of ''sudha'' according to their use with three different adjuvants can be given. Drug is mixed with either vegetable or meat juice or with ghee and given. Those who are completely non vegetarian, drug can be either given with fish or dry meat. It can be given as either ''ghrita''(ghee) or ''sura''(alcohol) form. ''Ghrita'' is taken with juice of ''amalaki'' as adjuvant which helps in better absorption of the drug.<ref> K R Shrikantha Murthy, Bhavaprakasha of Bhavamishra, Vol II,Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy,Varanasi, Edition 2009, p.no 580</ref>[ 19-20]

Many a times it becomes difficult to preserve the fresh drug for the longer duration, in such cases, drug is used as ''avaleha'' (linctus) or ''arishta'' (medicated liquor) which can be stored for use later. In this form drug is palatable and is easily taken by the individual.[18-,19]With addition of ''kashaya'' of ''dashamoola, kulattha, yava, shyamadi ghrita'' may be taken.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/13] Three recipes of ''sudha'' according to their use with three different adjuvants can be given. Drug is mixed with either vegetable or meat juice or with ghee and given. Those who are completely non vegetarian, drug can be either given with fish or dry meat. It can be given as either ''ghrita''(ghee) or ''sura''(alcohol) form. ''Ghrita'' is taken with juice of ''amalaki'' as adjuvant which helps in better absorption of the drug.<ref> Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakasha, edited by K R Shrikantha Murthy,? ed., Varanasi:Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, 2009,p.no 580</ref>[ 19-20]

== References ==

== References ==