Changes

Thus ends the fourth chapter of [[Vimana Sthana]] on “The determination of the three factors for understanding the specific characteristics of diseases” of Agnivesha’s work as redacted by Charak.

Thus ends the fourth chapter of [[Vimana Sthana]] on “The determination of the three factors for understanding the specific characteristics of diseases” of Agnivesha’s work as redacted by Charak.

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' / Fundamental Principles===

* Diagnosis of a disease should be done thoroughly using the ''trividha pariksha'' consisting of ''aptopadesha'' (authoritative knowledge), ''pratyaksha'' (physical examination by direct observation) and ''anumana'' (interpretation, evaluation and assessment).

* Diagnosis of a disease should be done thoroughly using the ''trividha pariksha'' consisting of ''aptopadesha'' (authoritative knowledge), ''pratyaksha'' (physical examination by direct observation) and ''anumana'' (interpretation, evaluation and assessment).

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' / Applied Inferences===

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''Trividharogavisheshavijnaniyam'' solely deals with the methods of clinical examination of the patient. Various types of examinations viz. ''rogapariksha, rogipariksha, trividha pariksha, shadvidha pariksha, ashtavidha pariksha'', and ''dashavidha pariksha'' are described in  Ayurveda for the examination of the patient and the diagnosis of the disease. All these examinations do not go beyond the ''trividha pariksha'' described in this chapter. ''Aptopadesha'' gives all the details of the disease i.e. its causative factors, pathogenesis and treatment and thus, provides all the theoretical knowledge of the disease which is helpful during clinical examination. ''Pratyaksha'' deals with direct examination of the patient by the physician. The physician has to use all his senses during the examination, in which he has to look for various signs and symptoms, changes in the color etc. Any information collected through ''anumana'' and ''pratyaksha'' cannot provide all the details of existing pathologies in the body. Now the physician has to use his own intellect and tries to establish the relation between the signs and symptoms and the likely pathologies in the body. He has to use his logic and reasoning and apply it properly in finalizing the vitiated ''doshas'' in the body. ''Anumana'' helps the physician to deduce and draw inferences where it is not possible to visualize or see, in order to draw certain conclusions or understand causation of an ailment.  

''Trividharogavisheshavijnaniyam'' solely deals with the methods of clinical examination of the patient. Various types of examinations viz. ''rogapariksha, rogipariksha, trividha pariksha, shadvidha pariksha, ashtavidha pariksha'', and ''dashavidha pariksha'' are described in  Ayurveda for the examination of the patient and the diagnosis of the disease. All these examinations do not go beyond the ''trividha pariksha'' described in this chapter. ''Aptopadesha'' gives all the details of the disease i.e. its causative factors, pathogenesis and treatment and thus, provides all the theoretical knowledge of the disease which is helpful during clinical examination. ''Pratyaksha'' deals with direct examination of the patient by the physician. The physician has to use all his senses during the examination, in which he has to look for various signs and symptoms, changes in the color etc. Any information collected through ''anumana'' and ''pratyaksha'' cannot provide all the details of existing pathologies in the body. Now the physician has to use his own intellect and tries to establish the relation between the signs and symptoms and the likely pathologies in the body. He has to use his logic and reasoning and apply it properly in finalizing the vitiated ''doshas'' in the body. ''Anumana'' helps the physician to deduce and draw inferences where it is not possible to visualize or see, in order to draw certain conclusions or understand causation of an ailment.