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Line 75: − + − <br/>Vagbhata states that rajasikaindividuals are characterized by bahubhashitva(excessive talkativeness), mana(excessive ego), krodha(anger), dambha(rebelness), matsar(dvesha)[A.H.ShariraSthana 3/7] <br/>The difference observed in an individual's activities is due to karma (previous deeds of the person).[Cha. Sa.ShariraSthana 2/36] <br/>Kashyapa has described seven types of rajasikaor krodhajasattva,where the yaksha sattva is additionally mentioned.<ref name="ref7">Kashyapa. Kashyapa Samhita. Edited by P. V. Tewari. Reprint. Varanasi: Chaukhambha vishvabharati;2008. </ref> [Ka.Sa. Sutra Sthana 28/24] The features of rajasikasattva,as explained by kashyapa are stated as below: + Line 85:
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<li style="font-weight:bold">Sarpa (traits like snake): <span style="font-weight:normal">This type of people arefearless when they are angry (kruddhasura), frightfulwhen not angry (akruddhabhiru),hard workers (ayasabahula), very sharp in activities (tikshna),always lives in fear (santrasragochara),loves eating food and activities (aharaviharapara), in nature. (Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4) </span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Sarpa (traits like snake): <span style="font-weight:normal">This type of people arefearless when they are angry (kruddhasura), frightfulwhen not angry (akruddhabhiru),hard workers (ayasabahula), very sharp in activities (tikshna),always lives in fear (santrasragochara),loves eating food and activities (aharaviharapara), in nature. (Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4) </span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Praita (traits like a dead body): <span style="font-weight:normal">This type of people love eating food a lot (aharakama),always in suffering (atidukhasilacaropachara), jealous of other people (asuyaka),have no discrimination in behavior (asamvibhagina), very greedy(atilolupa),don't like to perform any work (akarmasila) in nature. (Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4) </span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Praita (traits like a dead body): <span style="font-weight:normal">This type of people love eating food a lot (aharakama),always in suffering (atidukhasilacaropachara), jealous of other people (asuyaka),have no discrimination in behavior (asamvibhagina), very greedy(atilolupa),don't like to perform any work (akarmasila) in nature. (Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4) </span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Shakuna (traits of bird): <span style="font-weight:normal">This type of person shows devotion for passion (anushaktakama), overindulge in food and activities (ajastramaharaviharapara), unstable conduct (anavasthitatva),very intolerant (amarshana), not interested in acquiring things(asamcaya), in nature. (Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4) </span></li></ol>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Shakuna (traits of bird): <span style="font-weight:normal">This type of person shows devotion for passion (anushaktakama), overindulge in food and activities (ajastramaharaviharapara), unstable conduct (anavasthitatva),very intolerant (amarshana), not interested in acquiring things(asamcaya), in nature. (Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4) </span></li></ol>
Vagbhata states that rajasikaindividuals are characterized by bahubhashitva(excessive talkativeness), mana(excessive ego), krodha(anger), dambha(rebelness), matsar(dvesha)[A.H.ShariraSthana 3/7] <br/>The difference observed in an individual's activities is due to karma (previous deeds of the person).[Cha. Sa.ShariraSthana 2/36] <br/>Kashyapa has described seven types of rajasikaor krodhajasattva,where the yaksha sattva is additionally mentioned.<ref name="ref7">Kashyapa. Kashyapa Samhita. Edited by P. V. Tewari. Reprint. Varanasi: Chaukhambha vishvabharati;2008. </ref> [Ka.Sa. Sutra Sthana 28/24] The features of rajasikasattva,as explained by kashyapa are stated as below:
# Engaged in charity (dananityata)
# Engaged in charity (dananityata)
# Excessive sleep (atishayana)
# Excessive sleep (atishayana)
# Excessive greed (nityopetampramuditam)
# Excessive greed (nityopetampramuditam)
</p>
</p>
== Relation between trigunaand nidra[Su.Sa. ShariraSthana4/31] ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Guna
! Nidra
! Rationale
|-
| Sattva
| Mid-night
| Alertness of mind
|-
| Rajas
| Day or night
| Flickering (chanchala)
|-
| Tamas
| Day and night
| Excess kapha(avarana)
|-
|}
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Tamas guna is the leading cause of sleep,sattva guna is the cause of awakening, and rajas guna is the cause of the manifestation of dreams or a hyperactive mind.Rajas guna is responsible for the occurrence ofdreams(swapna) in an individual,witheither good or bad consequences.[Su.Sa. ShariraSthana 4/36] </p>
== Relation between prana and rajas guna ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Sattva, rajas,and tamas are listed among twelve vital entities in body (dwadashaprana). [Su.Sa.ShariraSthana4/3] </p>
== Assessment of rajas guna ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Rajas guna is assessed by means of inference from anumana pramana. It can be assessed by the presence of sanga(attachment) to different situations or individuals.[Cha.Sa.VimanaSthana 4/8] It is inferred as excessive sexual indulgence and other pleasures.[Chakrapani on Cha.Sa. VimanaSthana 4/8] The excessive expressions of feelings of desire in an individual can be related torajas guna. </p>
== Importance in prevention of diseases/ maintenance of health ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>The dominance of rajas guna has an impact on the psyche of an individual. The individual with rajas dominant psyche needs stimulation or motivation from others to cope with the circumstances.[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 35/38] Hence the rajas dominant individuals are termed as those with mediocre mental strength (madhyamamanobala). (Dalhana on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 35/38) Hence,like the shariraprakriti(somatic constitution), the manas prakriti (psychological constitution) also plays a vital role in determining an individual's characteristics contributing to a person's mental health status. Manas prakriti is termed as gunaprakritior maha prakriti. [Su.Sa.ShariraSthana 4/98-99] The assessment of rajas guna dominance in an individual can help understand the psychological status and susceptibility to mental health disorders. <br/>Rajas guna is also a determinant of vitalityseated in the marmaor vital points of the body.[Su.Sa. ShariraSthana 6/35] Thus, the normalcy of rajasis essential in properly functioning the vital body organs. <br/>An individual devoid of rajas and tamas,is called 'apta' or one with authoritative and authentic knowledge.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 11/18-19] Excess of rajas guna can lead to biasedness or altered knowledge in an individual.One who is vigilant towards maintaining health and consuming a beneficial diet is termed'parikshaka'. When he is afflicted with rajas guna falls prey to various diseases.A wholesome diet and lifestyle is advised considering thestatus of three guna. [A.S. Sutra Sthana 3/30]If not followed, the rajas-tamas originated diseases occur in such individuals due to intellectual defects (prajnaparadha). [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 28/36-38] <br/>Rajasika individuals tend to consume alcohol more frequently depending on mental strength and can reach the advanced states of excessive intoxication, alcohol dependency, and addiction more quicklythan the sattvikaindividuals.Hence, one must consider the mental strength and type of alcohol (madya) before consumption.[Cha. Sa. ChikitsaSthana 24/68-69, 79] <br/>Thus, the balance of triguna especially rajas guna, should be considered for maintaining mental health and avoiding psychological and psychosomatic disorders. </p>
== Importance in diagnosis and occurrence of diseases ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Rajas and tamas guna are termed as the manas dosha.They are responsible for the occurrence of various mental disorders.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/57, 25/11,Cha.Sa. VimanaSthana 6/6, A.H. Sutra Sthana 1/21, Dalhana on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/4] The disorders are of two types:rajas dominant and tamas dominant. [Cha.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/4] The flickering nature of rajas guna makes it responsible for initiating pathogenesis and stimulating tamas in the manifestation of disease.It is thus termed an initiator (pravartaka).Tamas cannot proceed without the stimulation of rajas guna.[Cha.Sa.VimanaSthana 6/9] Rajas gunaand vatadoshaplay an important role in the spreading stage of dosha (prasaraavastha)in six stages of pathogenesis (shatkriyakala).[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/28] Rajas and tamas guna work in unison (anubandha) in the occurrence of diseases.[Cha.Sa.VimanaSthana 6/9] Rajas and tamas guna lead to the occurrence of conditions like kama(lust),krodha(anger), lobha(greed),irshya(jealousy),maana(ego),mada(intoxication),shoka(excessive sadness/ unhappiness),chittodvega(anxiety),bhaya(fear), harsha(excessive joyousness) etc.These can get afflicted along with shariradosha to cause various diseases and psychosomatic disorders. [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa. VimanaSthana 6/8] <br/>Vertigo occurs due to the dominanceof rajas guna,pitta dosha,and vatadosha.[Su.Sa.ShariraSthana4/56] Rajasguna is also pivotal in unmadaand apasmaradiseases.[Su.Sa.Uttar Tantra 61/4, Cha. Sa. Nidana Sthana 8/4, Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 10/4] Atattvabhinivesha is grave condition caused by the vitiation of rajas and tamas guna.[Cha.Sa. ChiktsaSthana 10/59] <br/>Similarly the rajas and tamas individuals fall prey to disease after reaching the advanced stages of intoxication (madatyaya).[A.H.NidanaSthana 6/5] [Cha.Sa. ChikitsaSthana 24/46] Rajasika individuals are affected more quickly. [Cha. Sa.ChikitsaSthana 24/55] Rajas and tamas are involved in the pathogenesis of mada (intoxication)- murccha (syncope)- sanyasa (coma) conditions.[A.H. NidanaSthana 6/25] Similarly, in the historical description regarding the occurrence of rajayakshma, the prominence of rajas guna was observed in soma(moon).[Cha. Sa.ChikitsaSthana 8/7] It suggests the excess indulgence in activities to affect health and can lead to degenerative diseases. </p>