Changes

<li>Biyashana: Having two meals per day</li>

<li>Biyashana: Having two meals per day</li>

<li>Unodara: Consuming smaller portions than desired and avoiding hunger.</li>

<li>Unodara: Consuming smaller portions than desired and avoiding hunger.</li>

<li>VruttiSankshep: restricting the amount of food consumed.</li>

<li>Vrutti Sankshep: restricting the amount of food consumed.</li>

<li>Rasa parityag: renunciation of one's favourite meals.</li>

<li>Rasa parityag: renunciation of one's favourite meals.</li>

<li>ChauviharUpavasa: From the preceding dusk till the dawn of the third day, any sort of food and liquid is prohibited.</li>

<li>Chauvihar Upavasa: From the preceding dusk till the dawn of the third day, any sort of food and liquid is prohibited.</li>

<li>TriviharUpavasa: From the previous evening's sundown through the next morning's sunrise, all food and liquids are prohibited.</li>

<li>Trivihar Upavasa: From the previous evening's sundown through the next morning's sunrise, all food and liquids are prohibited.</li>

<li>Aathai: Foreight days without meals, just boiled water is consumed.</li>

<li>Aathai: Foreight days without meals, just boiled water is consumed.</li>

<li>Navai: For nine days without meals, just boiled water is consumed.</li>

<li>Navai: For nine days without meals, just boiled water is consumed.</li>

<li>Varshitap: Individual consumes only on alternate days between dawn and dusk.</li></ol>

<li>Varshitap: Individual consumes only on alternate days between dawn and dusk.</li></ol>

<li>According to some other acharya<ref>Rai kumar vijay(2021)swastvrat vighyan;Varnasi;Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthana;Fifth Edition;p.547</ref></li>

<li>According to some other acharya<ref>Rai kumar vijay(2021)swastvrat vighyan;Varnasi;Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthana;Fifth Edition;p.547</ref></li>

<ol><li>Kalikaupavasa: Fasting for a specific time duration in a day.</li>

<ol><li>Kalika upavasa: Fasting for a specific time duration in a day.</li>

<li>Dugdhakalpa: When only milk is permissible for drinking during fasting.</li>

<li>Dugdha kalpa: When only milk is permissible for drinking during fasting.</li>

<li>Rasoupavasa:When an individual restricts oneself to a specific taste.</li></ol></ul>

<li>Raso upavasa: When an individual restricts oneself to a specific taste.</li></ol></ul>

== Upavasavis-à-vis pratyahara<ref>Frawley,David.Pratyahara:the forgotten limb of yoga.<nowiki>[online]</nowiki></ref> ==

== Upavasa vis-à-vis pratyahara<ref>Frawley,David.Pratyahara:the forgotten limb of yoga.[online]</ref> ==

<div style='text-align:justify;'>‘Pratyahara’ means control of ahara. It is the fifth step among the eight steps described by sage Patanjali in the book Yoga sutra. As yoga shastra describes three levels of food:

<div style='text-align:justify;'>‘Pratyahara’ means control of ahara. It is the fifth step among the eight steps described by sage Patanjali in the book Yoga sutra. As yoga shastra describes three levels of food:

Nourishment of every individual is carried out by the help of earth, water, fire, air and ether which is present in physical form of food.

Nourishment of every individual is carried out by the help of earth, water, fire, air and ether which is present in physical form of food.  

For the nourishment of [[Manas|mind]], subtle elements together constitute smell, taste, sight, touch and the sensation of sound.  

For the nourishment of [[Manas|mind]], subtle elements together constitute smell, taste, sight, touch and the sensation of sound.  

<br/>One should refrain from junk food, wrong consortium etc. and should emphasize on correct food eating habits, right consortium etc. These are the two folds known by the term ‘Pratyahara’.

<br/>One should refrain from junk food, wrong consortium etc. and should emphasize on correct food eating habits, right consortium etc. These are the two folds known by the term ‘Pratyahara’.

<ol type="A"><li>Physical food: Every meal comprises of five elements which are essential for the nourishment, growth and overall development of the [[Sharira|body]].</li>

<ol type="A"><li>Physical food: Every meal comprises of five elements which are essential for the nourishment, growth and overall development of the [[Sharira|body]].</li>

<li>Impressions : Our mind retains all the things perceived through our five senses.</li>

<li>Impressions : Our mind retains all the things perceived through our five senses.</li>

Associations: Our food habit also has impact on our [[Manas|mind]] and they are inter related to each other as stated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita Bhagvat Gita] about sattvik, rajasik and tamasik food which affect [[Sattva|sattva]], [[Rajas|rajas]] and [[Tamas|tamas]] [[Guna|guna]] of our [[Manas|mind]].</ol>

Associations: Our food habit also has impact on our [[Manas|mind]] and they are inter related to each other as stated in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita Bhagvat Gita] about sattvika, rajasika and tamasika food which affect [[Sattva|sattva]], [[Rajas|rajas]] and [[Tamas|tamas]] [[Guna|guna]] of our [[Manas|mind]].</ol>

By this, upavasa(fasting) touches all the virtues of the tripod of human life.

By this, upavasa(fasting) touches all the virtues of the tripod of human life.

</div>

</div>

<div style="column-count:4">

<div style="column-count:4">

* [[Prakriti|Prakriti]] (constitution)

* [[Prakriti|Prakriti]] (constitution)

* vaya (age)

* [[vaya]] (age)

* rogibala (strength of the patient)

* rogi bala (strength of the patient)

* vyadhibala (strength of the disease)

* [[vyadhi]] bala (strength of the disease)

* [[Kala|kala]] (time period)

* [[Kala|kala]] (time period)

* [[Satmya|satmya]] (habit)

* [[Satmya|satmya]] (habit)

== Method of withdrawal from fast ==

== Method of withdrawal from fast ==

<div style='text-align:justify;'>Favorable outcome of a fast depends on how it is broken.

<div style='text-align:justify;'>Favorable outcome of a fast depends on how it is broken.

The following day of the fast, after evacuation of bowel and bladder properly, one should consume unctuous, sweet, soft, tasty and sattvik food.  

The following day of the fast, after evacuation of bowel and bladder properly, one should consume unctuous, sweet, soft, tasty and sattvika food.  

Do not overindulge oneself in over eating, abstain from quick eating and food should be chewed properly and thoroughly, gradual changes in normal diet should be made after few days.

Do not overindulge oneself in over eating, abstain from quick eating and food should be chewed properly and thoroughly, gradual changes in normal diet should be made after few days.

Therapeutically, this is depicted in the sansarjana krama (post purification measures) after purification ([[Shodhana|shodhana]]) therapy; wherein it starts with peya– a low calorie intake and ends with krutamamsa rasa – a high calorie intake. This gradual withdrawal and adaptation enhances the digestive capacity and helps the [[Sharira|body]] become accustomed to regular food again.</div>

 

Therapeutically, this is depicted in the sansarjana krama (post purification measures) after purification ([[Shodhana|shodhana]]) therapy; wherein it starts with peya– a low calorie intake and ends with kruta mamsa rasa – a high calorie intake. This gradual withdrawal and adaptation enhances the digestive capacity and helps the [[Sharira|body]] become accustomed to regular food again.</div>

== Indication of upavasa ==

== Indication of upavasa ==

Following disorders with mild intensity are treated with upavasa. <br/>

Following disorders with mild intensity are treated with upavasa. <br/>

Vami (vomiting), [[Atisara Chikitsa|atisara (diarrhoea)]], gaurav (heaviness), hrudrog (heart-related disorder), acute intestinal irritation (cholera), [[Alasaka|alasaka]] (delayed emptying of stomach or sluggish bowels), [[Jwara|jwara (fever)]], arochaka (anorexia), kapha-pittaroga (disorders due to [[Kapha|kapha]] and [[Pitta|pitta]] predominance). [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 22/20]

Vami (vomiting), [[Atisara Chikitsa|atisara (diarrhoea)]], gaurav (heaviness), hrudrog (heart-related disorder), acute intestinal irritation (cholera), [[Alasaka|alasaka]] (delayed emptying of stomach or sluggish bowels), [[Jwara|jwara (fever)]], arochaka (anorexia), kapha-pitta roga (disorders due to [[Kapha|kapha]] and [[Pitta|pitta]] predominance). [Cha.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 22/20]

== Contraindications ==

== Contraindications ==

<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li>Patients with [[Vyadhi|disease]] from elevated [[Vata dosha|vata dosha]] should abstain oneself from fasting and those who have unrestrained thirst and hunger, aged and children, pregnant lady and sick person should avoid fasting.</li>

<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li>Patients with [[Vyadhi|disease]] from elevated [[Vata dosha|vata dosha]] should abstain oneself from fasting and those who have unrestrained thirst and hunger, aged and children, pregnant lady and sick person should avoid fasting.</li>

<li>As stated by acharya Charak, pregnant woman with aggravated [[Vata dosha|vata]] who practice frequent fasting develop retardation of fetus. This underdevelopment stays for long without any other signs, known as ‘Nagodara’. [Ch.Sa. Shareerasthana 8/26]</li>

<li>As stated by acharya Charak, pregnant woman with aggravated [[Vata dosha|vata]] who practice frequent fasting develop retardation of fetus. This underdevelopment stays for long without any other signs, known as ‘Nagodara’. [Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/26]</li>

<li>Fasting is contraindicated in vataja diseases, chronic diseases and [[Jwara|fever]], along with this, in people with anger, jealousy and psychological disorders. [Ch.Sa. Chikitsasthana 3/140]</li></ol>

<li>Fasting is contraindicated in vataja diseases, chronic diseases and [[Jwara|fever]], along with this, in people with anger, jealousy and psychological disorders. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/140]</li></ol>

== Physiology of fasting ==

== Physiology of fasting ==

== Probable mode of action of upavasa ==

== Probable mode of action of upavasa ==

<ul style="text-align:justify;"><li>Upavasa makes the [[Sharira|body]] light by relieving heaviness and clears the channels. So, during fasting, our [[Sharira|body]], as well as [[Manas|mind]], feels light. Heaviness is the characteristic of [[Kapha|kapha]]. [[Kapha|Kapha]] creates a blockage in the channels of our [[Sharira|body]].</li>

<ul style="text-align:justify;"><li>Upavasa makes the [[Sharira|body]] light by relieving heaviness and clears the channels. So, during fasting, our [[Sharira|body]], as well as [[Manas|mind]], feels light. Heaviness is the characteristic of [[Kapha|kapha]]. [[Kapha|Kapha]] creates a blockage in the channels of our [[Sharira|body]].</li>

<li>During Upavasa, [[Agni|Agni]], previously busy with digestion, becomes free; hence it digests the undigested food already present in the [[Sharira|body]]. Then it digests the samadosha, [[Dhatu|dhatu]] and [[Mala|mala]].</li>

<li>During Upavasa, [[Agni|Agni]], previously busy with digestion, becomes free; hence it digests the undigested food already present in the [[Sharira|body]]. Then it digests the sama [[dosha]], [[Dhatu|dhatu]] and [[Mala|mala]].</li>

<li>The atmospheric air and the heat dry up the small water bodies on the earth's surface. Similarly, fasting increases [[Vayu mahabhuta|vayu]] and [[Agni mahabhuta|agnimahabhuta]] (the air and fire components) in the [[Sharira|body]]. This in turn dries up the mildly vitiated [[Dosha|dosha]]. [Cha.Sa. Vimana Sthana 03/44]</li></ul>

<li>The atmospheric air and the heat dry up the small water bodies on the earth's surface. Similarly, fasting increases [[Vayu mahabhuta|vayu]] and [[agni mahabhuta]] (the air and fire components) in the [[Sharira|body]]. This in turn dries up the mildly vitiated [[Dosha|dosha]]. [Cha.Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 03/44]</li></ul>

== Applied aspect of upavasa(fasting) ==

== Applied aspect of upavasa(fasting) ==

<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li style="font-weight:bold">Diagnosis of [[Vyadhi|disease]]: <br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The desire to fast may be used as a diagnostic criterion forvataocclusion by excessive [[Kapha|kapha dosha]]. [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthana 28/63]</span></li>

<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li style="font-weight:bold">Diagnosis of [[Vyadhi|disease]]: <br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The desire to fast may be used as a diagnostic criterion for [[Vata dosha|vata]] occlusion by excessive [[Kapha|kapha dosha]]. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/63]</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">In management of [[Vyadhi|disease]]:</li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">In management of [[Vyadhi|disease]]:</li>

<ul><li>[[Jwara|Fever (jwararoga)]] [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthana 3/139],</li>

<ul><li>[[Jwara|Fever (jwararoga)]] [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/139],</li>

<li>Blood vitiation (raktajaroga) [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 24/18]</li>

<li>Blood vitiation (raktajaroga) [Cha.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 24/18]</li>

<li>[[Vyadhi|Diseases]] originating from the stomach ([[Amashaya|amashaya]]) can be treated through fasting. [Cha.Sa. NidanaSthana 8/31]</li>

<li>[[Vyadhi|Diseases]] originating from the stomach ([[Amashaya|amashaya]]) can be treated through fasting. [Cha.Sa. [[Nidana Sthana]] 8/31]</li>

<li>Bleeding disorders ([[Raktapitta|raktapitta]]) especially urdhwajaraktapitta through the upper orifices (eyes, mouth, and nose) [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthana 4/30],</li>

<li>Bleeding disorders ([[Raktapitta|raktapitta]]) especially urdhwaga raktapitta through the upper orifices (eyes, mouth, and nose) [Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 4/30],</li>

<li>Noninfectious gastroenteritis ([[Visuchika|visuchika]]). [Cha.Sa.VimanaSthana 2/13],</li>

<li>Noninfectious gastroenteritis ([[Visuchika|visuchika]]). [Cha.Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 2/13],</li>

<li>Mild aggravate [[Dosha|dosha]] can be managed by fasting therapy in case of diarrhea ([[Atisara Chikitsa|Atisara]]) [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthana 19/19],</li>

<li>Mild aggravate [[Dosha|dosha]] can be managed by fasting therapy in case of diarrhea ([[Atisara Chikitsa|Atisara]]) [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/19],</li>

<li>In all disorders of nutritive fluid ([[Rasa dhatu|rasa dhatu]]) [Cha.Sa.SutraSthana 28/25] and the conditions affecting mouth and oral cavity. [Cha.Sa. ChikitsaSthana 12/80]</li>

<li>In all disorders of nutritive fluid ([[Rasa dhatu|rasa dhatu]]) [Cha.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 28/25] and the conditions affecting mouth and oral cavity. [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/80]</li>

<li>Disorders due to over-nutrition ([[Santarpaniya Adhyaya|santarpanjanyavikara]]) [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 23/8]</li>

<li>Disorders due to over-nutrition ([[Santarpaniya Adhyaya|santarpanjanya vikara]]) [Cha.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 23/8]</li>

<li>In the prodromal stage of all varieties of erysipelas ([[Visarpa Chikitsa|visarpa]]) [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthan 21/44]</li>

<li>In the prodromal stage of all varieties of erysipelas ([[Visarpa Chikitsa|visarpa]]) [Cha.Sa. 21/44]</li>

<li>Indigestion caused due to [[Ama|ama]] (amajeerna). [Su.Sa. SutraSthana. 46/505]</li>

<li>Indigestion caused due to [[Ama|ama]] (amajeerna). [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 46/505]</li>

<li>Fissure in ano associated with [[Ama|ama]]. [Cha.Sa. SiddhiSthana 6/63]</li>

<li>Fissure in ano associated with [[Ama|ama]]. [Cha.Sa. [[Siddhi Sthana]] 6/63]</li>

<li>[[Grahani Chikitsa|Grahaniroga]][Cha.Sa. ChikitsaSthan 15/65]</li>

<li>[[Grahani Chikitsa|Grahani roga]] [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/65]</li>

<li>Akshiroga, [[Udara Chikitsa|Udararoga]], Pratishyaya, Vrana<ref>Vaidya Lakshmipati Shastri. Yogaratnakar with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary (uttarardha:netra roga Chikitsa verse no.3 ).Varnasi;Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthana;Fifth Edition;p.361</ref></li>

<li>Akshi roga, [[Udara Chikitsa|Udara roga]], Pratishyaya, Vrana<ref>Vaidya Lakshmipati Shastri. Yogaratnakar with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary (uttarardha:netra roga Chikitsa verse no.3 ).Varnasi;Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthana;Fifth Edition;p.361</ref></li>

<li>Fasting can improve or even cure [[Vyadhi|diseases]] related to cardiovascular system, circulatory system, digestive system, locomotor system (ex. rheumatism), respiratory system (ex. asthma)</li></ul>

<li>Fasting can improve or even cure [[Vyadhi|diseases]] related to cardiovascular system, circulatory system, digestive system, locomotor system (ex. rheumatism), respiratory system (ex. asthma)</li></ul>

<li style="font-weight:bold">In the preservation of health:</li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">In the preservation of health:</li>

<ul><li>To maintain equilibrium of [[Dosha|dosha]] in [[Sharira|body]], wintertime is favorable for fasting ([[Hemanta|hemanta]] and [[Shishira|shishira]]). [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 22/24]</li>

<ul><li>To maintain equilibrium of [[Dosha|dosha]] in [[Sharira|body]], wintertime is favorable for fasting ([[Hemanta|hemanta]] and [[Shishira|shishira]]). [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 22/24]</li>

<li>Upavasa should be practiced on a regular interval in obese people to remove toxic metabolic products ([[Ama|ama]]).</li></ul>

<li>Upavasa should be practiced on a regular interval in obese people to remove toxic metabolic products ([[Ama|ama]]).</li></ul>

<li>It is a kind of spiritual therapy (daivyavyapashayachikitsa). So, in [[Prajnaparadha|prajnaparadhajanyavyadhi]] which may be compared with life style disorder, the upavasa procedure can be very helpful.</li>

<li>It is a kind of spiritual therapy (daivyavyapashraya chikitsa). So, in [[Prajnaparadha|prajnaparadhajanya vyadhi]] which may be compared with life style disorder, the upavasa procedure can be very helpful.</li>

<li>Upavasa can make the [[Shishira|body]] light by relieving heaviness. Heaviness is generally caused by [[Kapha|kapha dosha]], similarly obstruction of the [[Shishira|body]] channel also occurs because of [[Kapha|kapha dosha]]. So upavasa helps in all the [[Kapha|kapha]] and [[Kapha|kapha]] associated with [[Pitta|pitta]] [[Vyadhi|diseases]].</li>

<li>Upavasa can make the [[Shishira|body]] light by relieving heaviness. Heaviness is generally caused by [[Kapha|kapha dosha]], similarly obstruction of the [[Shishira|body]] channel also occurs because of [[Kapha|kapha dosha]]. So upavasa helps in all the [[Kapha|kapha]] and [[Kapha|kapha]] associated with [[Pitta|pitta]] [[Vyadhi|diseases]].</li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">It removes toxins ([[Ama|ama]]): <span style="font-weight:normal">The fire intensity is reduced by the remaining ash particles on it and hampers the burning process. Similarly, in the human [[Shishira|body]], the vitiated [[Dosha|dosha]] lessen the power and disable the digestive capacity. It causes stomach related debilitation, and produces [[Ama|ama]]. These [[Ama|ama]] get accumulated in our [[Shishira|body]] and block the minute channels which leads to [[Vyadhi|diseases]]. During fasting, digestive process gets ignited and destroys metabolic toxins, and clears the blockages of channels.</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">It removes toxins ([[Ama|ama]]): <span style="font-weight:normal">The fire intensity is reduced by the remaining ash particles on it and hampers the burning process. Similarly, in the human [[Shishira|body]], the vitiated [[Dosha|dosha]] lessen the power and disable the digestive capacity. It causes stomach related debilitation, and produces [[Ama|ama]]. These [[Ama|ama]] get accumulated in our [[Shishira|body]] and block the minute channels which leads to [[Vyadhi|diseases]]. During fasting, digestive process gets ignited and destroys metabolic toxins, and clears the blockages of channels.</span></li>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Weakness: <span style="font-weight:normal">In the clinical features of appropriate [[Langhana|langhana]] therapy, lightness of the [[Shishira|body]], lack of drowsiness, exertion or fatigue, and many other symptoms are mentioned. These indicate positive physiology. Thus, weakness is not the outcome mentioned for [[Langhana|langhana]] neither it is expected. Only after the [[Shodhana|Shodhana]] kind of [[Langhana|Langhana]] this maybe found.</span></li></ul>

<li style="font-weight:bold">Weakness: <span style="font-weight:normal">In the clinical features of appropriate [[Langhana|langhana]] therapy, lightness of the [[Shishira|body]], lack of drowsiness, exertion or fatigue, and many other symptoms are mentioned. These indicate positive physiology. Thus, weakness is not the outcome mentioned for [[Langhana|langhana]] neither it is expected. Only after the [[Shodhana|Shodhana]] kind of [[Langhana|Langhana]] this maybe found.</span></li></ul>

== Autophagy vis-a-visupavasa ==

== Autophagy vis-a-vis upavasa ==

<ul style="text-align:justify;"><li>Autophagy (self-eating) is a metabolic process in which the cell eliminates non-essential components via a lysosome-dependent, regulatory mechanism. It transforms cellulardetritus into survival-essential energy.</li>

<ul style="text-align:justify;"><li>Autophagy (self-eating) is a metabolic process in which the cell eliminates non-essential components via a lysosome-dependent, regulatory mechanism. It transforms cellular detritus into survival-essential energy.</li>

<li>Autophagy occurs in our [[Shishira|body]] primarily during the energy deprivation phase, such as fasting. Fasting destroys metabolic toxins, ignites the digestive fire and clears all the blockage in our body's channels, which ultimately provides good health. Fasting is a ubiquitous religious and cultural practice that is found, in varying forms, across the world.</li>

<li>Autophagy occurs in our [[Shishira|body]] primarily during the energy deprivation phase, such as fasting. Fasting destroys metabolic toxins, ignites the digestive fire and clears all the blockage in our body's channels, which ultimately provides good health. Fasting is a ubiquitous religious and cultural practice that is found, in varying forms, across the world.</li>

<li>Fasting stimulate autophagy, it helps in the cell renewal process and it also help in declining the aging process.</li></ul>

<li>Fasting stimulate autophagy, it helps in the cell renewal process and it also help in declining the aging process.</li></ul>

== Theses and research works done ==

== Theses and research works done ==

<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rajani%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22131738 Ami Rajani], [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Vyas%20MK%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22131738 Mahesh Kumar Vyas], [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Vyas%20HA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22131738 Hitesh A. Vyas(2009)]:  Comparative study of Upavasa and Upavasa with Pachana in the management of Agnisada. Department of basic principles. I.P.G.T.R.A, Jamnagar</li>

<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rajani%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22131738 Ami Rajani], [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Vyas%20MK%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22131738 Mahesh Kumar Vyas], [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Vyas%20HA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22131738 Hitesh A. Vyas(2009)]:  Comparative study of Upavasa and Upavasa with Pachana in the management of Agnisada. Department of basic principles. I.P.G.T.R.A, Jamnagar</li>

<li>Mehta M. J. (1991) :ApatarpanaChikitsaSiddhantagataLaghuPachanaChikitsaKa SaiddhantikaevamPrayogikaManikeekarana. Department of basic principles. I.P.G.T.R.A, Jamnagar</li>

<li>Mehta M. J. (1991) :Apatarpana Chikitsa Siddhantagata Laghu Pachana Chikitsa Ka Saiddhantika evam Prayogika Manikeekarana. Department of basic principles. I.P.G.T.R.A, Jamnagar</li>

<li>A Study on DashavidhaLanghana in perspective of Autophagy to assess the role of Paachana modality to cause Autophagy in patients of MedoDushti(Dyslipidaemia) Dr. Anita Choudhary,Prof. Mahesh Vyas,Dr. Meera K. Bhojani(AIIA) (2021)</li></ol>

<li>Choudhary Anita, Vyas Mahesh, Bhojani Meera K.  (2021): A Study on Dashavidha Langhana in perspective of Autophagy to assess the role of Paachana modality to cause Autophagy in patients of MedoDushti(Dyslipidaemia), All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi.</li></ol>

== Related chapters ==

== Related chapters ==

* Ch Su -11 [[Tistraishaniya Adhyaya|TistraishaniyaAdhyaya]],

*[[Tistraishaniya Adhyaya]],

* Ch Su -22 [[Langhanabrimhaniya Adhyaya|LanghanabrimhaniyaAdhyaya]],

*[[Langhanabrimhaniya Adhyaya]],

* Ch Chi-3 [[Jwara Chikitsa|JwaraChikitsaAdhyaya]],

*[[Jwara Chikitsa|Jwara Chikitsa Adhyaya]],

* Ch Chi 15 [[Grahani Chikitsa|GrahaniChikitsaAdhyaya]],

*[[Grahani Chikitsa|Grahani Chikitsa Adhyaya]],

* SuUttarasthana 40 [[Atisara Chikitsa|Atisara]],

* Sushuta Samhita Uttara Sthana Atisara Chikitsa  

* A.H. Chi 1 [[Jwara Chikitsa|JwaraChikitsaAdhyaya]]

* Ashtanga Hridaya, Chikitsa Sthana chapter 1 Jwara Chikitsa Adhyaya

== References ==

== References ==