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''Uttara'' is the statement made in opposition (heterogeneous) to the homologous nature shown between ''hetu'' and ''karya'' and vice versa. For instance , if somebody says – disorders are similar to cause, as ''shitaka'' disease has similar causes like exposure to snow and cold wave, the opponent may say – disorders are dissimilar to cause as burning sensation, heat, sloughing and suppuration of body parts are caused by cold wave which is dissimilar. This is ''uttara'' (rejoinder) with contrary statements.[36]

''Uttara'' is the statement made in opposition (heterogeneous) to the homologous nature shown between [[hetu]] and ''karya'' and vice versa. For instance , if somebody says – disorders are similar to cause, as ''shitaka'' disease has similar causes like exposure to snow and cold wave, the opponent may say – disorders are dissimilar to cause as burning sensation, heat, sloughing and suppuration of body parts are caused by cold wave which is dissimilar. This is ''uttara'' (rejoinder) with contrary statements.[36]

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==== 16. ''Siddhanta'' (theory/doctrine) ====

==== 16. ''Siddhanta'' (theory/doctrine) ====

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