Changes

=== Relevance of the concepts of [[Kalpa Sthana]] in the current clinical practices ===

=== Relevance of the concepts of [[Kalpa Sthana]] in the current clinical practices ===

''Vamana karma'' (emesis) and ''virechana karma'' (purgation) are mandatory before performing ''basti karma'' (enema), in order to promote health (i.e., for the patient to gain mass). Keeping this in view, the details about drugs employed in ''vamana'' and ''virechana karma'' are described in this section and the details about ''basti karma'' in the subsequent section, [[Siddhi Sthana]].

''Vamana karma'' (emesis) and ''virechana karma'' (purgation) are mandatory before performing ''basti karma'' (enema), in order to promote health (i.e., for the patient to gain weight). Keeping this in view, the details about drugs employed in ''vamana'' and ''virechana karma'' are described in this section and the details about ''basti karma'' in the subsequent section, [[Siddhi Sthana]].

For ''vamana karma'', ''Madanaphala'' is the main drug employed in the current clinical practice. But the rest of five drugs (i.e., ''Jimutaka'', ''Ikshvaku'', ''Dhamargava'', ''Vatsaka'', and ''Kritavedhana'') are not being prescribed. Charak suggested the period of collection and procedure for extracting seed from the ''Madanaphala''. These procedures are not being followed currently.

For ''vamana karma'', ''Madanaphala'' is the main drug employed in the current clinical practice. But the rest of five drugs (i.e., ''Jimutaka'', ''Ikshvaku'', ''Dhamargava'', ''Vatsaka'', and ''Kritavedhana'') are not being prescribed. Charak suggested the period of collection and procedure for extracting seed from the ''Madanaphala''. These procedures are not being followed currently.

The procedures described by Charak with regard to ''vamana'' and ''virechana karma'' are being followed religiously by Ayurvedic physicians of current times.

The procedures described by Charak with regard to ''vamana'' and ''virechana karma'' are being followed religiously by Ayurvedic physicians of current times.

Ayurvedic classics have advocated to collect the medicinal plants according to part used and seasons in order to get desired pharmacological action and therapeutic benefits. Sushruta, Charak and other acharyas advocate the collection of various parts of medicinal plants in different seasons. The logic behind such recommendations has been validated by recent modern scientific research.

Ayurvedic classics have advocated to collect the medicinal plants according to part used and seasons in order to get desired pharmacological action and therapeutic benefits. Sushruta, Charak and other acharyas advocate the collection of various parts of medicinal plants based on the seasons. The logic behind such recommendations has been validated by recent modern scientific research.

In a study the variations in the phytoconstituents of ''Ashwagandha'' root  was evaluated according to lunar cycles with regard to ''grishma'' and ''shishira ritu'' (summer and late winter season). In this study, total phenolic, flavonide and carbohydrate content of ''Ashwagandha'' root were found more in ''poornima'' (full moon day) samples. GAP (''Grishma Ashadha Poornima'', or the full moon night occurring in the ''Grishma-Ashadha'' season) samples showed maximum differentiation from rest of the samples with regards to TCA, TCW, TFW, MEx, WEX, pH etc. parameters. The ''Grishma-Jyeshtha Poornima'' (GJP) and GAP samples were found to be superior than ''Amavasya'' (new moon day) samples with regard to  functional groups and with anoloid content respectively. <ref>Tavhare SD, Nishteswar K, Shukla VJ. Effect of seasonal variations on the phytoconstituents of Aśvagandhā w.r. to lunar cycles. Ancient Sci Life. 2016;35((3)):150–8 available online https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850775/</ref> <ref>Tavhare SD, Nishteswar K, Shukla VJ. Influence of lunar cycles on growth of Ashwagandha(Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal). AYU [serial online] 2015 [cited 2019 Jan 22];36:258-64. Available from: http://www.ayujournal.org/text.asp?2015/36/3/258/182763 </ref> Such type of studies validate the concept of seasonal collection of drug delineated in [[Ayurveda]] classics like [[Charak Samhita]] and ''Sushruta Samhita''.

In a study the variations in the phytoconstituents of ''Ashwagandha'' root  was evaluated according to lunar cycles with regard to ''grishma'' and ''shishira ritu'' (summer and late winter season). In this study, total phenolic, flavonide and carbohydrate content of ''Ashwagandha'' root were found more in ''poornima'' (full moon day) samples. GAP (''Grishma Ashadha Poornima'', or the full moon night occurring in the ''Grishma-Ashadha'' season) samples showed maximum differentiation from rest of the samples with regards to TCA, TCW, TFW, MEx, WEX, pH etc. parameters. The ''Grishma-Jyeshtha Poornima'' (GJP) and GAP samples were found to be superior than ''Amavasya'' (new moon day) samples with regard to  functional groups and with anoloid content respectively. <ref>Tavhare SD, Nishteswar K, Shukla VJ. Effect of seasonal variations on the phytoconstituents of Aśvagandhā w.r. to lunar cycles. Ancient Sci Life. 2016;35((3)):150–8 available online https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850775/</ref> <ref>Tavhare SD, Nishteswar K, Shukla VJ. Influence of lunar cycles on growth of Ashwagandha(Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal). AYU [serial online] 2015 [cited 2019 Jan 22];36:258-64. Available from: http://www.ayujournal.org/text.asp?2015/36/3/258/182763 </ref> Such type of studies validate the concept of seasonal collection of drug delineated in [[Ayurveda]] classics like [[Charak Samhita]] and ''Sushruta Samhita''.