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In summary, types of ''unmada'' and their etiology, premonitory symptoms, symptoms, curability or otherwise, and their modes of treatment have been described in this chapter. [ 24]  

In summary, types of ''unmada'' and their etiology, premonitory symptoms, symptoms, curability or otherwise, and their modes of treatment have been described in this chapter. [ 24]  

Thus ends the seventh chapter on diagnosis of ''unmada'' in [[Nidana Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charaka . [24]

Thus ends the seventh chapter on diagnosis of ''unmada'' in [[Nidana Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [24]

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

As the present chapter deals with the psychopathogenesis and diagnosis of ''unmada'', the fundamental approach of Ayurveda in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric diseases needs to be discussed. Charaka considers violation of dietetic rules as an important causative factor for ''unmada''. Both body and mind are affected by diet. ''Unmada'' occurs in individuals taking diet in manners forbidden by the dietetic rules, consuming improper dietary articles, food articles that are unclean and ill prepared, incompatible and vitiated. According to Chandogya Upanishad, quality of mind depends upon the food taken by the individual. Once digested, the food is divided into three components – gross (''sthula''), medium (''madhyam'') and (''sukshma''). The subtle portion of the food nourishes the mind. Bhagavad Gita also opines that the ''sattvika, rajasika'' and ''tamasika'' types of ''buddhi'' (intellect) is derived from the characteristics associated with the type of diet. Thus, Ayurveda considers that incompatible, vitiated food articles affect the physical as well as mental state of an individual, predisposing him to psychiatric illnesses in general, if he is already harboring other causative factors.

As the present chapter deals with the psychopathogenesis and diagnosis of ''unmada'', the fundamental approach of Ayurveda in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric diseases needs to be discussed. Charak considers violation of dietetic rules as an important causative factor for ''unmada''. Both body and mind are affected by diet. ''Unmada'' occurs in individuals taking diet in manners forbidden by the dietetic rules, consuming improper dietary articles, food articles that are unclean and ill prepared, incompatible and vitiated. According to Chandogya Upanishad, quality of mind depends upon the food taken by the individual. Once digested, the food is divided into three components – gross (''sthula''), medium (''madhyam'') and (''sukshma''). The subtle portion of the food nourishes the mind. Bhagavad Gita also opines that the ''sattvika, rajasika'' and ''tamasika'' types of ''buddhi'' (intellect) is derived from the characteristics associated with the type of diet. Thus, Ayurveda considers that incompatible, vitiated food articles affect the physical as well as mental state of an individual, predisposing him to psychiatric illnesses in general, if he is already harboring other causative factors.

Secondly, psychiatric illnesses with special reference to ''unmada'' are not only associated with the vitiation of ''manas doshas'' but there is vitiation and provocation of ''sharira doshas'' as well. It points to the fact that though psychiatric illnesses are associated with subtle pathological changes at the bio-energetic level, they are also simultaneously accompanied by qualitative as well as quantitative changes/imbalances in the neurotransmitters and other bio-chemicals at the physical level. Thus, the normal psychological processes as well as the psychopathologies, operate simultaneously at multiple levels (biological, bio-energetic) and also at subtler levels where the intangible thought processes start appearing in the relatively tangible field of bio-energy. All this needs extensive exploration using the available scientific tools.

Secondly, psychiatric illnesses with special reference to ''unmada'' are not only associated with the vitiation of ''manas doshas'' but there is vitiation and provocation of ''sharira doshas'' as well. It points to the fact that though psychiatric illnesses are associated with subtle pathological changes at the bio-energetic level, they are also simultaneously accompanied by qualitative as well as quantitative changes/imbalances in the neurotransmitters and other bio-chemicals at the physical level. Thus, the normal psychological processes as well as the psychopathologies, operate simultaneously at multiple levels (biological, bio-energetic) and also at subtler levels where the intangible thought processes start appearing in the relatively tangible field of bio-energy. All this needs extensive exploration using the available scientific tools.