Changes

*The conditions related with respiratory disease pathologies are pleural effusion, pneumothorax and pleural tumors and secondary to pulmonary diseases like pneumonias, pulmonary infarction and bronchogenic carcinoma.  

*The conditions related with respiratory disease pathologies are pleural effusion, pneumothorax and pleural tumors and secondary to pulmonary diseases like pneumonias, pulmonary infarction and bronchogenic carcinoma.  

*''Anna'' (food) is considered as ''prana'' (vital force). Difficulty to intake the food interferes with nutrition and leads to severe disability. It also interferes with the intake of medicines. Dysphagia may be due to mechanical causes or neurological causes seen associated with other serious pathologies. Lack of digestion indicates impairment of digestive system and thus lack of absorption of nutrients and medicines. ''Prakrita kapha'' imparts ''bala'' (strength) to the body. Sudden depletion of ''bala'' indicates impairment of ''Ojus''. ''Bala'' is essential for both treatment and for prevention of further progression of disease. Severe ''kapha kshaya'' (depletion of ''kapha'') and ''vata-pitta'' vitiation is explained as the cause behind the pathogenesis of ''trishna''. ''Trishna'' indicates not merely thirst, but severe depletion of water and electrolytes from the body which may lead to pathology even at the cellular level. [verse 5-6]

*''Anna'' (food) is considered as ''prana'' (vital force). Difficulty to intake the food interferes with nutrition and leads to severe disability. It also interferes with the intake of medicines. Dysphagia may be due to mechanical causes or neurological causes seen associated with other serious pathologies. Lack of digestion indicates impairment of digestive system and thus lack of absorption of nutrients and medicines. ''Prakrita kapha'' imparts ''bala'' (strength) to the body. Sudden depletion of ''bala'' indicates impairment of ''Ojus''. ''Bala'' is essential for both treatment and for prevention of further progression of disease. Severe ''kapha kshaya'' (depletion of ''kapha'') and ''vata-pitta'' vitiation is explained as the cause behind the pathogenesis of ''trishna''. ''Trishna'' indicates not merely thirst, but severe depletion of water and electrolytes from the body which may lead to pathology even at the cellular level. [verse 5-6]

*''Gambheera Hikka'' (severe hiccups) is included as one among the terminal illness in Ayurveda. The word ''gambheera'' indicates either ''hikka'' originating from deep pathology. ''Gambheera hikka'' is mentioned as ''pranantiki'' (Life ending) by Charaka in the [[Chikitsa Sthana]]. Persistent hiccups are seen in many pathologies both mechanical and neurological like central nervous system lesions and tumors. Individuals who are very weak due to any illness get afflicted with abdominal distension (''anaha'') and diarrhea simultaneously, it will be very much difficult to prolong his life. Likewise, a debilitated or weak person when afflicted with morbid thirst (''trishna'') and abdominal distension (''anaha'') will soon die.  

*''Gambheera Hikka'' (severe hiccups) is included as one among the terminal illness in Ayurveda. The word ''gambheera'' indicates either ''hikka'' originating from deep pathology. ''Gambheera hikka'' is mentioned as ''pranantiki'' (Life ending) by Charak in the [[Chikitsa Sthana]]. Persistent hiccups are seen in many pathologies both mechanical and neurological like central nervous system lesions and tumors. Individuals who are very weak due to any illness get afflicted with abdominal distension (''anaha'') and diarrhea simultaneously, it will be very much difficult to prolong his life. Likewise, a debilitated or weak person when afflicted with morbid thirst (''trishna'') and abdominal distension (''anaha'') will soon die.  

*The word ''durbala'' signifies decreased strength in terms of immune deficiency, decreased quality of ''dhatus'', diminished ability to withstand the strength of medicine and disease itself and decreased ability to recover. Such a person, who is weakened by illness when afflicted by any disease or any super imposed infection, there are less chances of survival.  

*The word ''durbala'' signifies decreased strength in terms of immune deficiency, decreased quality of ''dhatus'', diminished ability to withstand the strength of medicine and disease itself and decreased ability to recover. Such a person, who is weakened by illness when afflicted by any disease or any super imposed infection, there are less chances of survival.  

The conditions related to gastrointestinal pathologies include, E.coli infections, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, colitis, lactose intolerance, intestinal obstructions, cystic fibrosis, colon cancer.

The conditions related to gastrointestinal pathologies include, E.coli infections, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, colitis, lactose intolerance, intestinal obstructions, cystic fibrosis, colon cancer.

*The condition presented with edema as feature are Congestive cardiac failure, end stage renal failure, Good Pasteur’s syndrome, Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Cardiomyopathy, Ascites, Thrombophlebitis.  

*The condition presented with edema as feature are Congestive cardiac failure, end stage renal failure, Good Pasteur’s syndrome, Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Cardiomyopathy, Ascites, Thrombophlebitis.  

Few diseased conditions mentioned here in this chapter may be in quite manageable stage with the present modern management facilities but to the time of Charaka those were definitely fatal. For example, many of hypo-volemic and dehydrated conditions are well treated now. But still it is a challenge to save life in toxic dehydrations. Many such clinical challenges are narrated where patient should not be neglected, rather  aggressive care should be provided with informed consent to the relatives about possible fatal outcome.

Few diseased conditions mentioned here in this chapter may be in quite manageable stage with the present modern management facilities but to the time of Charak those were definitely fatal. For example, many of hypo-volemic and dehydrated conditions are well treated now. But still it is a challenge to save life in toxic dehydrations. Many such clinical challenges are narrated where patient should not be neglected, rather  aggressive care should be provided with informed consent to the relatives about possible fatal outcome.

</div>

</div>

<div id="BackToTop"  class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;

<div id="BackToTop"  class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;