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== ([[Sharira Sthana]] Chapter 5, Chapter on a Detailed Study of the ''Purusha'') ==                                           

== [[Sharira Sthana]] Chapter 5, Purusha Vichaya Sharira (Chapter on a Detailed Study of the ''Purusha'') ==                                           

=== Abstract ===

=== Abstract ===

=== Introduction ===

=== Introduction ===

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The term ''purusha vichayam'' means the search of the purusha (individual person’s living body) or the analytical study of the ''purusha''.  Since Vedic times, sages and practitioners of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] studied the environment and the various features that constituted the ''loka'' (realm or world) and  its impact  on the ''purusha'' (person). Many civilizations have acknowledged the relationship between man and his environment, but Vedic scholars recorded their observations of the similarities in the ''avyava'' (component) of ''loka'' and ''purusha'', concluding that the person is the replica of the universe (''Yatha Pinde Tatha Brahmande''). Lord Atreya dedicated this chapter to the study of the purusha underscoring this belief. Charaka advised maintaining a harmony between man and his environment to attain the prime objectives of a human life – blissful life (''sukhayu''), useful life (''hitayu''), and salvation (''moksha'').

The term ''purusha vichayam'' means the search of the purusha (individual person’s living body) or the analytical study of the ''purusha''.  Since Vedic times, sages and practitioners of Ayurveda studied the environment and the various features that constituted the ''loka'' (realm or world) and  its impact  on the ''purusha'' (person). Many civilizations have acknowledged the relationship between man and his environment, but Vedic scholars recorded their observations of the similarities in the ''avyava'' (component) of ''loka'' and ''purusha'', concluding that the person is the replica of the universe (''Yatha Pinde Tatha Brahmande''). Lord Atreya dedicated this chapter to the study of the purusha underscoring this belief. Charaka advised maintaining a harmony between man and his environment to attain the prime objectives of a human life – blissful life (''sukhayu''), useful life (''hitayu''), and salvation (''moksha'').

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===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===

===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===

''Anupaya'', or inefficient religious rituals such as ''prokshana'' (consecration), ''anashana'' (fasting), ''agnihotra'' (oblation to the fire), ''trishavana'' (worship with ''soma'' thrice a day while performing sacrifice), ''abhyukshana'' (wetting), ''aavahana'' (invocation), ''yajana'' (leading or guiding sacrificial rituals), ''yajna'' (sacrificial rituals), ''yachana'' (begging) and entering into water and fire.

''Anupaya'', or inefficient religious rituals such as ''prokshana'' (consecration), ''anashana'' (fasting), ''agnihotra'' (oblation to the fire), ''trishavana'' (worship with ''soma'' thrice a day while performing sacrifice), ''abhyukshana'' (wetting), ''aavahana'' (invocation), ''yajana'' (leading or guiding sacrificial rituals), ''yajna'' (sacrificial rituals), ''yachana'' (begging) and entering into water and fire.

Thus, if a person is devoid of intellect, restraint and memory, but is egoistic, skeptic, self-centered, is attached (to objects or actions), and is unable to discern between good or bad, self and the physical body, etc. he is an abode of all miseries. Such feelings are the root cause of vitiation of ''doshas'' relating to the mind and body. Such a person is trapped in the cycle of life and death and cannot attain salvation (from miseries). The ultimate goal of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] is salvation from all sorts of miseries which depends upon the wellbeing of the ''purusha'' - individually as well as socially. [10]

Thus, if a person is devoid of intellect, restraint and memory, but is egoistic, skeptic, self-centered, is attached (to objects or actions), and is unable to discern between good or bad, self and the physical body, etc. he is an abode of all miseries. Such feelings are the root cause of vitiation of ''doshas'' relating to the mind and body. Such a person is trapped in the cycle of life and death and cannot attain salvation (from miseries). The ultimate goal of Ayurveda is salvation from all sorts of miseries which depends upon the wellbeing of the ''purusha'' - individually as well as socially. [10]

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==== ''Moksha'' (Salvation) and ways and means of attaining it ====

==== ''Moksha'' (Salvation) and ways and means of attaining it ====