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== ([[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 12, Chapter on Treatment of Various Types of Swellings) ==

== [[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 12, Chapter on Management of ''Shwayathu'' (Various types of Swellings) ==

=== Abstract ===

=== Abstract ===

'''Keywords''': ''Svayathu, shotha, shopha,'' edema, swelling, ''langhana, amapachana, shodhana''.

'''Keywords''': ''Shvayathu, shotha, shopha,'' edema, swelling, ''langhana, amapachana, shodhana''.

=== Introduction ===

=== Introduction ===

shvayathucikitsitaM nAma dvAdasho~adhyAyaH||12||

shvayathucikitsitaM nAma dvAdasho~adhyAyaH||12||

Thus 12th chapter named [[Svayatu Chikitsa]] in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] of treatise compiled by Agnivesha, revised by Charaka and unavailable part restored by Dridhabala is completed (12).   

Thus 12th chapter named [[Shvayathu Chikitsa]] in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] of treatise compiled by Agnivesha, revised by Charaka and unavailable part restored by Dridhabala is completed (12).   

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

==== Derivation of term ====

==== Derivation of term ====

The word ''Svayatu'' is derived from root ''Tuoshchi-Gati-Vriddhyoh''. ''Tuo'' is converted to ''Shvi'' indicating to increase (''Vriddhi'') and by adding ''Athuc Pratyaya'' the word ''Svayatu'' is derived which literally means increased (3).

The word ''Shvayathu'' is derived from root ''Tuoshchi-Gati-Vriddhyoh''. ''Tuo'' is converted to ''Shvi'' indicating to increase (''Vriddhi'') and by adding ''Athuc Pratyaya'' the word ''Shvayathu'' is derived which literally means increased (3).

==== Pathogenesis ====

==== Pathogenesis ====

Madhava Nidana followed Ashtangahridaya and describes nine types of ''shotha'' and does not describe localized ''shotha'' in this chapter on ''shotha'' (Madhava Nidana ''shothadhikara'').

Madhava Nidana followed Ashtangahridaya and describes nine types of ''shotha'' and does not describe localized ''shotha'' in this chapter on ''shotha'' (Madhava Nidana ''shothadhikara'').

    

    

''Charaka'' considers bulging (''utsedha'') from the skin as ''svayatu'' therefore local swellings such as ''pidika'' (papules and pustules), nodules (including ''gandhamala''), ''galagandha'' (goiter), tumor etc are also described in this chapter. The probable modern equivalents are given in the bracket while describing these conditions in the text (74-100).   

''Charaka'' considers bulging (''utsedha'') from the skin as ''shvayathu'' therefore local swellings such as ''pidika'' (papules and pustules), nodules (including ''gandhamala''), ''galagandha'' (goiter), tumor etc are also described in this chapter. The probable modern equivalents are given in the bracket while describing these conditions in the text (74-100).   

Sushruta defines ''arbuda'' as a round and immovable growth produced by vitiated ''dosha'' by afflicting ''mamsa'' with mild pain but having deep roots and located in extensive area at the expense of tissue and causes swelling of the ''mamsa'' extensively. This ''arbuda'' (tumor) grows slowly and does not suppurate (Sushruta Nidana 11/13-14). But Charaka being a clinician does not consider much difference in the management of ''arbuda'' and ''granthi'' as their site, causative factors, shape, ''dosha'' morbidity and ''dushya'' (susceptible tissues) are about the same. However, it is clearly mentioned that ''arbuda'' should be managed by the expert surgeon only (87).   

Sushruta defines ''arbuda'' as a round and immovable growth produced by vitiated ''dosha'' by afflicting ''mamsa'' with mild pain but having deep roots and located in extensive area at the expense of tissue and causes swelling of the ''mamsa'' extensively. This ''arbuda'' (tumor) grows slowly and does not suppurate (Sushruta Nidana 11/13-14). But Charaka being a clinician does not consider much difference in the management of ''arbuda'' and ''granthi'' as their site, causative factors, shape, ''dosha'' morbidity and ''dushya'' (susceptible tissues) are about the same. However, it is clearly mentioned that ''arbuda'' should be managed by the expert surgeon only (87).