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== Definition ==
== Definition ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>In a drug, if the taste (rasa), properties (guna) , potency(veerya) and post digestive effect (vipaka) are functionally corresponding to each other, but the action is contrary to the expected, then that action or effect is called as prabhava. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 26/67] <br/>It is clear that rasa, guna, veerya and vipaka must be functionally corresponding, then prabhava can be considered. If any of the above is different, then it cannot be considered as prabhava. If any variation occurs, then the action can be because of that particular guṇa and that particular action will be considered as karma. <br/>The karma or the predictable actions of the drugs based on the rasadi gunas are limited and are easily anticipated, but the prabhava or the unpredictable actions are unlimited and has a greater per view in the field of clinical medicine. <br/>The effects of the prabhava are considered as “achintya (unpredictable)” <br/>If the rasa, guna, veerya and vipaka are functionally similar and are present in a dravya, then some drugs act by virtue of their rasa, some by the virtue of their guṇa, some by virtue veerya and some by the virtue of vipaka. But the prabhava dominates and suppresses the above properties and shows its peculiar action. <br/>Some Examples of prabhava mentioned in ayurvedic texts:
<ol><li>Chitraka and Danti have pungent taste (katu rasa), pungent post digestive effect (katu vipaka) and hot potency (ushna veerya). However, the actions of both the drugs are different. Danti acts as purgative (virechana dravya), but Chitraka does not have virechana action. </li>
<li>Visha(poison) acts as anti toxic (visha hara dravya).</li>
<li>Emetic (vamana) and purgative (virechana) drugs act by virtue of their prabhava and not by their rasa, guna, veerya and vipaka.</li>
<li>Wearing gems stones (mani dharana) causing some unpredictable effects and are considered as the prabhava of that gems. </li>
<li>Draksha and madhuka have similar properties, but Draksha acts as virechana dravya and madhūka does not have the property of virechana. </li>
<li>Ghrita (ghee) and dugdha (milk) have similar properties (Madhura rasa madhura vipaka) and ghrita acts as dipana, but dugdha does not. </li>
<li>Lashuna decreases vata and kapha dosha, in spite of having snigdha and guru gunas, which should increase vata kapha.</li>
<li>Even though rakta shali and yava have the similar properties, rakta shali decreases tridosha and yava increases tridoshas.</li>
<li>Medhya action of shankhapushpi, vishaghna action of Shirisha etc. can also be considered because of the prabhava. </li></ol></p>
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