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'''e) Pramana as teaching, learning tool:'''  

'''e) Pramana as teaching, learning tool:'''  

Pramana are used in the medical texts like Charak and Sushruta Samhita to explain the knowledge matter to fellow peers and students. Thus it has wide applicability in the field of academic teaching and learning for accurate description of subject matter. Aptopadesha is the ideal method of learning any new phenomenon based on the basic known facts about the subject matter. Pratyaksha pramana helps to develop the scientific and self-experience based method to acquire and analyse the knowledge. Anumana helps in the predictive and logical interpretation of knowledge factor. Yukti is the logical reasoning aimed at development of the psychomotor domains of acquiring knowledge.

Pramana are used in the medical texts like Charak and Sushruta Samhita to explain the knowledge matter to fellow peers and students. Thus it has wide applicability in the field of academic teaching and learning for accurate description of subject matter. Aptopadesha is the ideal method of learning any new phenomenon based on the basic known facts about the subject matter. Pratyaksha pramana helps to develop the scientific and self-experience-based method to acquire and analyze the knowledge. Anumana helps in the predictive and logical interpretation of knowledge factor. Yukti is the logical reasoning aimed at the development of the psychomotor domains of acquiring knowledge.

==Contemporary approach:==

==Contemporary approach:==

In view of contemporary medical methods, the concept of pramana is most similar or closely related to epistemology. Epistemology is the science of correct Knowledge. It is the process or method or science to obtain the knowledge.  It basically gives information regarding the sources of knowledge. It is an important part of research methodology forming the backbone of the same. It answers basic questions pertaining to knowledge process like how, when, what, and why. It is the basis of knowledge, understanding and formation. According to James Fredrick Farrier, it is means of production of knowledge and it is scepticism about different knowledge claims. Epistemology involves the process of obtaining the knowledge either through inductive or deductive process. The inductive process aims at formation of new theory while the deductive approach tests the knowledge and known theory. Thus the process of the inductive approach is from narrow to broad while deductive approach goes from broader knowledge to precise more specific knowledge.   

In view of contemporary medical methods, the concept of pramana is most similar or closely related to epistemology. Epistemology is the science of correct Knowledge. It is the process or method or science to obtain the knowledge.  It basically gives information regarding the sources of knowledge. It is an important part of research methodology forming the backbone of the same. It answers basic questions pertaining to knowledge process like how, when, what, and why. It is the basis of knowledge, understanding and formation. According to James Fredrick Farrier, it is means of production of knowledge and it is scepticism about different knowledge claims. Epistemology involves the process of obtaining knowledge either through inductive or deductive process. The inductive process aims at formation of new theory while the deductive approach tests the knowledge and known theory. Thus the process of the inductive approach is from narrow to broad while deductive approach goes from broader knowledge to precise more specific knowledge.   

==Current researches:==

==Current researches:==

The available literature related to researches pertaining to the concept of pramana and its understanding, application primarily involves review articles. The articles are directed at various aspects of pramana including its application in clinical practice, research , teaching and learning field. Literature is also available on the detailed explanation of various pramana separately. Only few of these articles are available in the recognised peer reviewed journals. There is scope for robust investigation on the scientific evidence-based understanding of pramana and its application in practice. Summary of articles is given below.

The available literature related to researches pertaining to the concept of pramana and its understanding, application primarily involves review articles. The articles are directed at various aspects of pramana including its application in clinical practice, research , teaching and learning field. Literature is also available on the detailed explanation of various pramana separately. Only few of these articles are available in the recognised peer reviewed journals. There is scope for robust investigation on the scientific evidence-based understanding of pramana and its application in practice. Summary of articles is given below.

1) Pooja T. et al worked on a review article entitled “anumana pramana and its Scope as a diagnostic and research tool”. This study focused on significance of Anumana pramana in interpreting subtle phenomenon like functioning of tridosha in health and disease, role of unseen karmic effects on disease-occurrence and palliation, concept of rebirth etc.  

 

1) Pooja T. et al worked on a review article entitled “anumana pramana and its Scope as a diagnostic and research tool”. This study focused on significance of Anumana pramana in interpreting subtle phenomenon like the functioning of tri[[dosha]] in health and disease, role of unseen karmic effects on disease-occurrence and palliation, concept of rebirth etc.  

 

2) Sharayu Phuke et.al. worked on “Application of Upamana Pramana (Analogy) to Interpret Concept of Prakriti and Dhatu Sarata: A Review”. This study underlined utility of upamana pramana in understanding the concepts of prakriti and dhatu sarata.  

2) Sharayu Phuke et.al. worked on “Application of Upamana Pramana (Analogy) to Interpret Concept of Prakriti and Dhatu Sarata: A Review”. This study underlined utility of upamana pramana in understanding the concepts of prakriti and dhatu sarata.  

3) Supriya Bhalerao et.al described how aptly the pramana can help in understanding the Teaching, Learning and Research Methodology in a letter to editor entitled “Bloom's taxonomy reiterates Pramana”.  

3) Supriya Bhalerao et.al described how aptly the pramana can help in understanding the Teaching, Learning and Research Methodology in a letter to editor entitled “Bloom's taxonomy reiterates Pramana”.  

4) Rajendra Pai et al. discussed the scope of pramana in prakriti and vikriti pariksha for proper clinical practice in review article entitled “Importance of Pramana Pareeksha in Clinical Practice”.  

4) Rajendra Pai et al. discussed the scope of pramana in prakriti and vikriti pariksha for proper clinical practice in review article entitled “Importance of Pramana Pareeksha in Clinical Practice”.  

5) Sinimol T P et. al wrote a paper that analyses the logic behind application of yukti pramana.  

5) Sinimol T P et. al wrote a paper that analyses the logic behind application of yukti pramana.  

6) Ajit Patil, and Mrunali Patil wrote an article that focuses on the scope of anumana pramana as a tool to elaborate the ideologies of research.  

6) Ajit Patil, and Mrunali Patil wrote an article that focuses on the scope of anumana pramana as a tool to elaborate the ideologies of research.  

7) Sunny Chandrashekhar Patil, Arjunsingh Baghel, Rambabu R Dwivedi discussed methods of examination and investigation in Ayurveda: A review in reference to Pramana Vijnana (Epistemology).  

7) Sunny Chandrashekhar Patil, Arjunsingh Baghel, Rambabu R Dwivedi discussed methods of examination and investigation in Ayurveda: A review in reference to Pramana Vijnana (Epistemology).  

8) Vinay A. Pawar in his article, “Pramana Vidnyana - An ancient method of research  

8) Vinay A. Pawar in his article, “Pramana Vidnyana - An ancient method of research  

with special reference to Charak Samhita” throws light upon the various aspects of pramana in the field of research.  

with special reference to Charak Samhita” throws light upon the various aspects of pramana in the field of research.  

9) C. Bhuvaneswari, Meenakshi Malik, M. Sreevani, K. Venkat Shivudu in their article, significance of using upamana pramana in Ayurveda evaluated the upamana pramana in three aspects i.e. physiological, diagnostic, and philosophical aspects.  

9) C. Bhuvaneswari, Meenakshi Malik, M. Sreevani, K. Venkat Shivudu in their article, significance of using upamana pramana in Ayurveda evaluated the upamana pramana in three aspects i.e. physiological, diagnostic, and philosophical aspects.  

References:

==References:==