Changes

== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==

== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==

*''Hikka'' and ''shwasa'' originate at the site of ''pitta'' (upper part of stomach). The nature of disease is mainly ''kapha'' and ''vata'' dominant. The aggravation leads to depletion of ''dhatus'' like ''rasa'' situated in heart.

*''Hikka'' and ''shwasa'' originate at the site of [[pitta]] (upper part of stomach). The nature of disease is mainly [[kapha]] and [[vata]] dominant. The aggravation leads to depletion of [[dhatu]] like ''rasa'' situated in heart.

*The environmental pathogens like dust, pollen, smoke particles, improper diet and lifestyle regimen, and various other obstructions in channels carrying ''prana'' can cause the diseases.  

*The environmental pathogens like dust, pollen, smoke particles, improper diet and lifestyle regimen, and various other obstructions in channels carrying ''prana'' can cause the diseases.  

*''Hikka'' and ''shwasa'' can originate secondary to various conditions like ''ama, anaha'' (constipation associated with flatulence), excess dryness in the body, excessive depletion (''apatarpana''), weakness, injury to ''marmas'' (vital points), frequent exposure to heat and cold, diarrhea, fever, vomiting, rhinitis, ''kshata'' (injury), ''kshaya'' (wasting), ''raktapitta'' (bleeding disorder), ''udavarta'' (upward movement of ''vata''), ''visuchika'' (enteritis), ''alasaka'' (sluggish bowel), ''pandu'' (anemia) and intake of poisons. In this case, the treatment will focus on primary disease along with management of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa'' also.  

*''Hikka'' and ''shwasa'' can originate secondary to various conditions like ''ama, anaha'' (constipation associated with flatulence), excess dryness in the body, excessive depletion (''apatarpana''), weakness, injury to ''marmas'' (vital points), frequent exposure to heat and cold, diarrhea, fever, vomiting, rhinitis, ''kshata'' (injury), ''kshaya'' (wasting), ''raktapitta'' (bleeding disorder), ''udavarta'' (upward movement of [[vata]]), ''visuchika'' (enteritis), ''alasaka'' (sluggish bowel), ''pandu'' (anemia) and intake of poisons. In this case, the treatment will focus on primary disease along with management of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa'' also.  

*''Pranavaha srotasa'' (channels carrying ''prana'') are mainly involved in the pathogenesis of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa''.  

*''Pranavaha srotasa'' (channels carrying ''prana'') are mainly involved in the pathogenesis of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa''.  

*''Vayu'' along with ''kapha'' blocks the channels carrying ''prana, udaka'' and ''anna'' and produces ''mahahikka''.

*''Vayu'' along with [[kapha]] blocks the channels carrying ''prana, udaka'' and ''anna'' and produces ''mahahikka''.

*The protocol for management of ''shwasa'' includes:  

*The protocol for management of ''shwasa'' includes:  

**Liquefying ''kapha'' by ''snehana''( massage) with oil mixed with rock salt  

**Liquefying [[kapha]] by [[snehana]]( massage) with oil mixed with rock salt  

**Channelizing and further liquefying it to get expelled out by ''swedana'' (sudation)  

**Channelizing and further liquefying it to get expelled out by [[swedana]] (sudation)  

**Intake of unctuous food for increasing quantity of ''kapha'' (in order to make it convenient to get expelled out as seen in mucolyic drugs) and pacification of ''vata''.  

**Intake of unctuous food for increasing quantity of [[kapha]] (in order to make it convenient to get expelled out as seen in mucolyic drugs) and pacification of [[vata]].  

**Therapeutic emesis to expel out vitiated ''kapha dosha''

**Therapeutic emesis to expel out vitiated [[kapha]] [[dosha]]

**Medicated smoking with drugs having hot potency to remove remaining ''kapha dosha''

**Medicated smoking with drugs having hot potency to remove remaining [[kapha]] [[dosha]]

*''Anulomana'' (treating ''vata'' to move in normal direction) is the principle of management for obstructed ''vata'' in case of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa''.

*''Anulomana'' (treating [[vata]] to move in normal direction) is the principle of management for obstructed [[vata]] in case of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa''.

*''Shwasa'' associated with cough and hoarseness of voice should be treated with ''vamana'' (therapeutic emesis)  

*''Shwasa'' associated with cough and hoarseness of voice should be treated with [[vamana]] (therapeutic emesis)  

*In ''tamaka shwasa, virechana'' (therapeutic purgation) should be given with ''vata-kaphahara'' medicines.  

*In ''tamaka shwasa, [[virechana]] (therapeutic purgation) should be given with [[vata]]-[[kapha]]hara medicines.  

*It is always required to keep the path of ''vata'', clean (respiratory tract) by frequent purification therapies and removing obstruction.

*It is always required to keep the path of [[vata]], clean (respiratory tract) by frequent purification therapies and removing obstruction.

*Purification therapies like ''vamana'' and ''virechana'' shall be administered after assessing ''bala''(strength)of patient.   

*Purification therapies like [[vamana]] and [[virechana]] shall be administered after assessing ''bala''(strength)of patient.   

*The food, drinks and drugs having ''kapha-vata'' alleviating properties, ''ushna'' (hot) potency and facilitating normal movement of ''vata'' (''vatanulomana'') should be given in the patient of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa''.

*The food, drinks and drugs having [[kapha]]-[[vata]] alleviating properties, ''ushna'' (hot) potency and facilitating normal movement of [[vata]] (''vatanulomana'') should be given in the patient of ''hikka'' and ''shwasa''.

*''Brimhana'' (nourishment therapy) administered in ''hikka'' and ''shwasa'' and its complications make them curable. The ''shamana'' treatment (palliative therapy) prevents the complications. ''Karshana'' (depletion therapy) makes ''hikka'' and ''shwasa'' incurable.  

*''Brimhana'' (nourishment therapy) administered in ''hikka'' and ''shwasa'' and its complications make them curable. The ''shamana'' treatment (palliative therapy) prevents the complications. ''Karshana'' (depletion therapy) makes ''hikka'' and ''shwasa'' incurable.