Changes

Thus ends the third chapter on janapadodhwansa of the vimana section , composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charaka. [49-52]

Thus ends the third chapter on janapadodhwansa of the vimana section , composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charaka. [49-52]

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' / Fundamental Principles===

* ''Janapadodhvansa'' (destruction of human settlements or communities by means of natural and man-made calamities including epidemics) occurs when collective action of communities/towns/ countries do not follow their ''dharma'' (eternal duty) in the present and/or past lives and commit acts that are unrighteous or even harmful.

* ''Janapadodhvansa'' (destruction of human settlements or communities by means of natural and man-made calamities including epidemics) occurs when collective action of communities/towns/ countries do not follow their ''dharma'' (eternal duty) in the present and/or past lives and commit acts that are unrighteous or even harmful.

* ''Langhana'' (reducing therapy) is done for mildly vitiated ''doshas''. ''Langhana pachana'' (reducing therapy along with therapies for digestion of ''ama dosha'') is done in moderately ''vitiated doshas''. ''Doshavasechana'' (elimination of vitiated ''doshas'' from the body) is done in severely vitiated ''doshas''.

* ''Langhana'' (reducing therapy) is done for mildly vitiated ''doshas''. ''Langhana pachana'' (reducing therapy along with therapies for digestion of ''ama dosha'') is done in moderately ''vitiated doshas''. ''Doshavasechana'' (elimination of vitiated ''doshas'' from the body) is done in severely vitiated ''doshas''.

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' / Applied Inferences===

The ''janapadas'' (Sanskrit: जनपद) were the major realms, republics or kingdoms of ''vedic'' (Iron Age) India. By the 6th century BC, they were divided into sixteen classical ''mahajanapadas''. The term ''janapada'' is a compound (or ''tatpurusha'') term, comprising of ''jana'' (people or subjects) and ''pada'' (foot). From its earliest attestations, the word has multiple meanings, and depending upon the context, could mean a community, a realm, or a population. ''Janapadas'' could also mean gathering places of men, merchants, artisans and craftsmen akin to a marketplace or town surrounded by hamlets and villages. A ''janapadin'' is the ruler of a ''janapada''.

The ''janapadas'' (Sanskrit: जनपद) were the major realms, republics or kingdoms of ''vedic'' (Iron Age) India. By the 6th century BC, they were divided into sixteen classical ''mahajanapadas''. The term ''janapada'' is a compound (or ''tatpurusha'') term, comprising of ''jana'' (people or subjects) and ''pada'' (foot). From its earliest attestations, the word has multiple meanings, and depending upon the context, could mean a community, a realm, or a population. ''Janapadas'' could also mean gathering places of men, merchants, artisans and craftsmen akin to a marketplace or town surrounded by hamlets and villages. A ''janapadin'' is the ruler of a ''janapada''.