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===== ''Kapikachchu'' (Mucuna pruriens) =====

===== ''Kapikachchu'' (Mucuna pruriens) =====

''Atmagupta'' or Mucuna pruriens has been established as potent aphrodisiac. M. pruriens efficiently recovers the spermatogenic loss induced due to Ethinyl estradiol administration by reduction in ROS, restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), regulation of apoptosis and increase in the number of germ cells. L-DOPA largely accounts for pro-spermatogenic properties of M. pruriens. In another study, seminal plasma of infertile patients, the levels of lipids, antioxidant vitamins, and corrected fructose were recovered after a decrease in lipid peroxides after treatment. Another study has clearly demonstrated the potency of M. pruriens to reduce the diabetic induced sperm damage induced by oxidative stress (OS). In a study oral administration of M. pruriens to infertile men for 3 months not only resulted in general improvement in sperm count and motility but it also led to significant reduction in the level of psychological stress. Similar research studies of other drugs mentioned should be done to explore their aphrodisiac properties.  

''Atmagupta'' or Mucuna pruriens has been established as potent aphrodisiac. M. pruriens efficiently recovers the spermatogenic loss induced due to Ethinyl estradiol administration by reduction in ROS, restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), regulation of apoptosis and increase in the number of germ cells. L-DOPA largely accounts for pro-spermatogenic properties of M. pruriens.<ref>Singh AP, Sarkar S, Tripathi M, Rajender S. Mucuna pruriens and its major constituent L-DOPA recover spermatogenic loss by combating ROS, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis, PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54655. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054655. Epub 2013 Jan 22.</ref> In another study, seminal plasma of infertile patients, the levels of lipids, antioxidant vitamins, and corrected fructose were recovered after a decrease in lipid peroxides after treatment.<ref>Ahmad MK, Mahdi AA, Shukla KK, Islam N, Jaiswar SP, Ahmad S., Effect of Mucuna pruriens on semen profile and biochemical parameters in seminal plasma of infertile men, Fertil Steril. 2008 Sep;90(3):627-35. Epub 2007 Nov 14.</ref> Another study has clearly demonstrated the potency of M. pruriens to reduce the diabetic induced sperm damage induced by oxidative stress (OS).<ref>Suresh S, Prithiviraj E, Lakshmi NV, Ganesh MK, Ganesh L, Prakash S. Effect of Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) on mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage in epididymal sperm of streptozotocin induced diabetic rat, J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jan 9;145(1):32-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.030. Epub 2012 Oct 26.</ref> In a study oral administration of M. pruriens to infertile men for 3 months not only resulted in general improvement in sperm count and motility but it also led to significant reduction in the level of psychological stress.<ref>Shukla K et al., Mucuna pruriens Reduces Stress and Improves the Quality of Semen in Infertile Men, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Mar 2010; 7(1): 137–144.</ref> Similar research studies of other drugs mentioned should be done to explore their aphrodisiac properties.

 

===== ''Arjuna'' (Terminalia arjuna) =====

===== ''Arjuna'' (Terminalia arjuna) =====

Extract of T. arjuna could be used as a natural antioxidant and enhancing the phytosterol content in clarified butter. Antioxidant supplementation drastically improves sperm count and sperm motility. Some tribal communities of Assam, India use ''arjuna'' in cases of infertility as observed in an ethno-botanical survey. ''Arjuna'' bark is widely used to decrease level of serum triglycerides and cholesterol, recover the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). As an anti-ischemic agent, it relieves myocardial necrosis, modulates platelet aggregation. It is an effective antioxidant. So, antioxidant properties of ''arjuna'' can be used to increase virility of a person.

Extract of T. arjuna could be used as a natural antioxidant and enhancing the phytosterol content in clarified butter. Antioxidant supplementation drastically improves sperm count and sperm motility. Some tribal communities of Assam, India use ''arjuna'' in cases of infertility as observed in an ethno-botanical survey. ''Arjuna'' bark is widely used to decrease level of serum triglycerides and cholesterol, recover the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). As an anti-ischemic agent, it relieves myocardial necrosis, modulates platelet aggregation. It is an effective antioxidant. So, antioxidant properties of ''arjuna'' can be used to increase virility of a person.