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Acharya Charaka has explained schedule, importance and symptoms of proper and improper basti administration, indications- contraindications, elaborated basti procedure and niruha basti formulations in earlier three chapters. Thus, in this sequence acharya has described fourth chapter to put forward some snehabasti formulations. Purpose of Siddhi sthana is to give excellence in therapeutics thus the complications arising due to some improper methods need to be tackled. Vitiated dosha, fecal matter, indigestion are some factors that occlude the basti and empty stomach administration leads to improper movement of fats. Moreover, due to busy work schedule, improper dietary habits and debilitating disorders most of the patients are unsuitable for anuvasana or snehabasti. In such individuals if vata vitiation is evident and needs basti therapy, then use of sneha basti (unctuous enema) in lowest dose i.e. matra basti can be employed without any complications.
Acharya Charaka has explained schedule, importance and symptoms of proper and improper basti administration, indications- contraindications, elaborated basti procedure and niruha basti formulations in earlier three chapters. Thus, in this sequence acharya has described fourth chapter to put forward some snehabasti formulations. Purpose of Siddhi sthana is to give excellence in therapeutics thus the complications arising due to some improper methods need to be tackled. Vitiated dosha, fecal matter, indigestion are some factors that occlude the basti and empty stomach administration leads to improper movement of fats. Moreover, due to busy work schedule, improper dietary habits and debilitating disorders most of the patients are unsuitable for anuvasana or snehabasti. In such individuals if vata vitiation is evident and needs basti therapy, then use of sneha basti (unctuous enema) in lowest dose i.e. matra basti can be employed without any complications.
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
अथातः स्नेहव्यापत्सिद्धिं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
अथातः स्नेहव्यापत्सिद्धिं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
Now onwards we will describe chapter Snehavyapatsiddhi (chapter on complications of Unctuous enema and their successful management). (1)
Now onwards we will describe chapter Snehavyapatsiddhi (chapter on complications of Unctuous enema and their successful management). (1)
thus said Lord Atreya. (2)
thus said Lord Atreya. (2)
Various formulations:
==== Various formulations ====
स्नेहबस्तीन्निबोधेमान् वातपित्तकफापहान्|
स्नेहबस्तीन्निबोधेमान् वातपित्तकफापहान्|
मिथ्याप्रणिहितानां च व्यापदः सचिकित्सिताः||३||
मिथ्याप्रणिहितानां च व्यापदः सचिकित्सिताः||३||
mithyApraNihitAnAM ca vyApadaH sacikitsitAH||3||
mithyApraNihitAnAM ca vyApadaH sacikitsitAH||3||
Unctuous enema formulations for attenuation of vata, pitta and kapha, possible complications arising from improper administration and their treatments will be discussed. (3)
Unctuous enema formulations for attenuation of vata, pitta and kapha, possible complications arising from improper administration and their treatments will be discussed. (3)
Unctuous enema for vata disorders :
==== Unctuous enema for vata disorders ====
दशमूलं बलां रास्नामश्वगन्धां पुनर्नवाम्|
दशमूलं बलां रास्नामश्वगन्धां पुनर्नवाम्|
गुडूच्येरण्डभूतीकभार्गीवृषकरोहिषम्||४||
गुडूच्येरण्डभूतीकभार्गीवृषकरोहिषम्||४||
tailADhakaM samakShIraM jIvanIyaiH palonmitaiH||6||
tailADhakaM samakShIraM jIvanIyaiH palonmitaiH||6||
anuvAsanametaddhi sarvavAtavikAranut|
anuvAsanametaddhi sarvavAtavikAranut|
Content Quantity
Drugs for Decoction Bilva 1 Pala
Drugs for Decoction Bilva 1 Pala
Shyonaka 1 Pala
Gambhari 1 Pala
Patala 1 Pala
Ganikarika 1 Pala
Shaliparni 1 Pala
Prishniparni 1 Pala
Brihati 1 Pala
Kantakarika 1 Pala
Gokshura 1 Pala
Bala 1 Pala
Rasna 1 Pala
Ashwagandha 1 Pala
Punarnava 1 Pala
Guduchi 1 Pala
Eranda 1 Pala
Bhutika 1 Pala
Bharangi 1 Pala
Vasa 1 Pala
Rohisha 1 Pala
Shatavari 1 Pala
Sahachara 1 Pala
Kakanasa 1 Pala
Yava 2 Pala
Masha 2 Pala
Atasi 2 Pala
Kola 2 Pala
Kulattha 2 Pala
Water 4 Drona
Water 4 Drona
Sesame oil 1 Adhaka
Sesame oil 1 Adhaka
Milk 1 Adhaka
Milk 1 Adhaka
Kalka Jivaka 1 Pala
Kalka Jivaka 1 Pala
Rishabhaka 1 Pala
Meda 1 Pala
Mahameda 1 Pala
Kakoli 1 Pala
Kshirakakoli 1 Pala
Mudgaparni 1 Pala
Mashaparni 1 Pala
Jivanti 1 Pala
Madhuka 1 Pala
The decoction of above mentioned drugs should be prepared using 4 drona (approx. 49 liters) of water, boiling till 1 drona ( approx. 12.2 liters) of liquid remains. To this decoction paste of above mentioned herbs, 1 adhaka (approx. 3.07 liters) sesame oil and milk should be added. The oil prepared with this method can be used successfully in all vata disorders in anuvasana form. (4-7)
The decoction of above mentioned drugs should be prepared using 4 drona (approx. 49 liters) of water, boiling till 1 drona ( approx. 12.2 liters) of liquid remains. To this decoction paste of above mentioned herbs, 1 adhaka (approx. 3.07 liters) sesame oil and milk should be added. The oil prepared with this method can be used successfully in all vata disorders in anuvasana form. (4-7)
आनूपानां वसा तद्वज्जीवनीयोपसाधिता||७||
आनूपानां वसा तद्वज्जीवनीयोपसाधिता||७||
ānūpānāṁ vasā tadvajjīvanīyōpasādhitā||7||
ānūpānāṁ vasā tadvajjīvanīyōpasādhitā||7||
AnUpAnAM vasA tadvajjIvanIyopasAdhitA||7||
AnUpAnAM vasA tadvajjIvanIyopasAdhitA||7||
Anuvasana basti prepared from vasa i.e. muscle fat of animals inhabiting marshy land, boiled with drugs of jivaniya gana i.e. jivaka, rishabhaka, meda, mahameda, kakoli, kshirakakoli, mudgaparni, mashaparni, jivanti, madhuka cures vata disorders. (7)
Anuvasana basti prepared from vasa i.e. muscle fat of animals inhabiting marshy land, boiled with drugs of jivaniya gana i.e. jivaka, rishabhaka, meda, mahameda, kakoli, kshirakakoli, mudgaparni, mashaparni, jivanti, madhuka cures vata disorders. (7)
शताह्वायवबिल्वाम्लैः सिद्धं तैलं समीरणे|
शताह्वायवबिल्वाम्लैः सिद्धं तैलं समीरणे|
सैन्धवेनाग्नितप्तेन तप्तं चानिलनुद्धृतम्||८||
सैन्धवेनाग्नितप्तेन तप्तं चानिलनुद्धृतम्||८||
shatAhvAyavabilvAmlaiH siddhaM tailaM samIraNe|
shatAhvAyavabilvAmlaiH siddhaM tailaM samIraNe|
saindhavenAgnitaptena taptaM cAnilanuddhRutam||8||
saindhavenAgnitaptena taptaM cAnilanuddhRutam||8||
Unctuous enema for pitta disorders:
Oil cooked with shatahva, yava, bilva and sour liquids is also useful for anuvasana in vata disorders. Anuvasana of warm ghee prepared by immersing hot rock salt relieves diseases caused by vata. (8)
==== Unctuous enema for pitta disorders ====
जीवन्तीं मदनं मेदां श्रावणीं मधुकं बलाम्|
जीवन्तीं मदनं मेदां श्रावणीं मधुकं बलाम्|
शताह्वर्षभकौ कृष्णां काकनासां शतावरीम्||९||
शताह्वर्षभकौ कृष्णां काकनासां शतावरीम्||९||
Content
Content
Cow ghee
Sesame oil
Milk
Kalka jivanti krishna kshirakakoli
Kalka jivanti krishna kshirakakoli
madanaphala kakanasa karkatakhya
Meda Shatavari Shati
Shravani Swagupta Vacha
Madhuka Shatahva
Bala Rishabhaka
Cow ghee and oil should be taken one part and cooked with milk four times along with above mentioned pastes of herbs (all together one fourth of sneha). This formulation of anuvasana basti is nourishing, alleviates vata and pitta, increases strength, semen and agni (digestive power). Also it cures diseases of urinary, seminal and menstrual origin.
Cow ghee and oil should be taken one part and cooked with milk four times along with above mentioned pastes of herbs (all together one fourth of sneha). This formulation of anuvasana basti is nourishing, alleviates vata and pitta, increases strength, semen and agni (digestive power). Also it cures diseases of urinary, seminal and menstrual origin.
Cow ghee should be taken one part, sesame oil one fourth of ghee & contents of chandanadi taila mentioned in jwara chikitsa (chikitsa section, chapter 3) should be taken in one fourth quantity of total sneha & cooked with milk four times of sneha. (9-12)
Cow ghee should be taken one part, sesame oil one fourth of ghee & contents of chandanadi taila mentioned in jwara chikitsa (chikitsa section, chapter 3) should be taken in one fourth quantity of total sneha & cooked with milk four times of sneha. (9-12)
Unctuous enema for kapha disorders:
==== Unctuous enema for kapha disorders ====
सैन्धवं मदनं कुष्ठं शताह्वां निचुलं वचाम् |
सैन्धवं मदनं कुष्ठं शताह्वां निचुलं वचाम् |
ह्रीवेरं मधुकं भार्गीं देवदारु सकट्फलम्||१३||
ह्रीवेरं मधुकं भार्गीं देवदारु सकट्फलम्||१३||
Castor oil/sesame oil
Castor oil/sesame oil
Kalka Saindhava Hlibera Pushkara Ativisha Ajamoda
Kalka Saindhava Hlibera Pushkara Ativisha Ajamoda
Madanaphala Madhuka Meda Shyama Krishna
Kushtha Barangi Chavika Harenu Danti
Shatahva Devadaru Chitraka Nilini Rasna
Nichula Katphala Shati Sthira
Vacha Nagara Vidanga Bilva
Anuvasana basti prepared with above mentioned ingredients cures kaphaja disorders, bradhna (inguinal enlargements), udavarta(reverse movement of vata), gulma(abdominal lumps), arsha (haemorrhoids), pliha (spenic disorders), meha (urinary disorders), adhyavata (disease due to vata occluded by excess meda), anaha(distension of abdomen), ashmari (calculus).(13-17)
Anuvasana basti prepared with above mentioned ingredients cures kaphaja disorders, bradhna (inguinal enlargements), udavarta(reverse movement of vata), gulma(abdominal lumps), arsha (haemorrhoids), pliha (spenic disorders), meha (urinary disorders), adhyavata (disease due to vata occluded by excess meda), anaha(distension of abdomen), ashmari (calculus).(13-17)
sesame oil
sesame oil
Kashaya Vidanga Jati Patala Sahachara
Kashaya Vidanga Jati Patala Sahachara
Eranda Nirgundi Brihati Shampaka
Rajani Ganikarika Kantakari Karavira
Patola Shaliparni Gokshura Gambhari
Haritaki Prishniparni Akhuparni Amrita
Bibhitaki Bilva Nimba
Amalaki Shyonaka Patha
Kalka Madanaphala Vacha
Kalka Madanaphala Vacha
Bilva Ushira
Trivrit Darvi
Krishna Kushtha
Rasna Kalinga
Bhunimba Saptaparna
Devadaru
Effects of sneha basti:
Using this oil in snehapana, massage and basti cures kushtha (skin diseases), krimi (parasite infestations), meha (urinary disorders), arsha (haemorrhoids), grahani (gastrointestinal diseases), klibata (impotency), Irregular appetite, mala (morbid matters) and diseases caused by all the three dosha.(18-22)
==== Effects of sneha basti ====
व्याधिव्यायामकर्माध्वक्षीणाबलनिरोजसाम्|
व्याधिव्यायामकर्माध्वक्षीणाबलनिरोजसाम्|
क्षीणशुक्रस्य चातीव स्नेहवस्तिर्बलप्रदः||२३||
क्षीणशुक्रस्य चातीव स्नेहवस्तिर्बलप्रदः||२३||
janayedaprajAnAM ca prajAM strINAM tathA nRuNAm||24||
janayedaprajAnAM ca prajAM strINAM tathA nRuNAm||24||
Sneha basti gives strength to those who are emaciated due to disease, excessive exercise, labor, excess walking, loss of oja (vital essence) and semen. It gives great strength to feet, calves, thighs, back, shoulders and lumbar region. It is useful to procreate off springs for sterile men and women. (23-24)
Sneha basti gives strength to those who are emaciated due to disease, excessive exercise, labor, excess walking, loss of oja (vital essence) and semen. It gives great strength to feet, calves, thighs, back, shoulders and lumbar region. It is useful to procreate off springs for sterile men and women. (23-24)
Six complications of sneha basti (unctuous enema):
==== Six complications of sneha basti (unctuous enema) ====
वातपित्तकफात्यन्नपुरीषैरावृतस्य च|
वातपित्तकफात्यन्नपुरीषैरावृतस्य च|
अभुक्ते च प्रणीतस्य स्नेहबस्तेः षडापदः||२५||
अभुक्ते च प्रणीतस्य स्नेहबस्तेः षडापदः||२५||
• Administration of enema in empty stomach. (25)
• Administration of enema in empty stomach. (25)
Factors responsible for complication of sneha basti
==== Factors responsible for complication of sneha basti ====
शीतोऽल्पो वाऽधिके वाते पित्तेऽत्युष्णः कफे मृदुः|
शीतोऽल्पो वाऽधिके वाते पित्तेऽत्युष्णः कफे मृदुः|
अतिभुक्ते गुरुर्वर्चःसञ्चयेऽल्पबलस्तथा||२६||
अतिभुक्ते गुरुर्वर्चःसञ्चयेऽल्पबलस्तथा||२६||
Then basti becomes occluded and does not reach its destination as it gets covered with dosha. Similarly, if basti is given in patient with empty stomach then it goes upwards as all the channels are uncovered.
Then basti becomes occluded and does not reach its destination as it gets covered with dosha. Similarly, if basti is given in patient with empty stomach then it goes upwards as all the channels are uncovered.
Hereafter, the signs of different complications will be discussed. (26-28)
Hereafter, the signs of different complications will be discussed. (26-28)
Symptoms of impediment by vata and its management:
==== Symptoms of impediment by vata and its management ====
अङ्गमर्दज्वराध्मानशीतस्तम्भोरुपीडनैः |
अङ्गमर्दज्वराध्मानशीतस्तम्भोरुपीडनैः |
पार्श्वरुग्वेष्टनैर्विद्यात् स्नेहं वातावृतं भिषक्||२८||
पार्श्वरुग्वेष्टनैर्विद्यात् स्नेहं वातावृतं भिषक्||२८||
Treatment of vata impediment:
Treatment of vata impediment:
When anuvasana is occluded due to vata patient should be given niruha prepared with kalka (paste) of unctuous, sour, saline and hot ingredients; cow urine, decoction of brihatpanchamula, sauviraka (vinegar), sura (alcohol), kola, kulattha, yava along with rasna taila and pitadru taila. In evening anuvasana of same oils (i.e. rasna and pitadru oil) should be given. (28-30)
When anuvasana is occluded due to vata patient should be given niruha prepared with kalka (paste) of unctuous, sour, saline and hot ingredients; cow urine, decoction of brihatpanchamula, sauviraka (vinegar), sura (alcohol), kola, kulattha, yava along with rasna taila and pitadru taila. In evening anuvasana of same oils (i.e. rasna and pitadru oil) should be given. (28-30)
Symptoms of impediment by pitta and its management:
==== Symptoms of impediment by pitta and its management ====
दाहरागतृषामोहतमकज्वरदूषणैः|
दाहरागतृषामोहतमकज्वरदूषणैः|
विद्यात् पित्तावृतं स्वादुतिक्तैस्तं बस्तिभिर्हरेत्||३१||
विद्यात् पित्तावृतं स्वादुतिक्तैस्तं बस्तिभिर्हरेत्||३१||
vidyAt pittAvRutaM svAdutiktaistaM bastibhirharet||31||
vidyAt pittAvRutaM svAdutiktaistaM bastibhirharet||31||
Burning sensation, redness, excess thirst, unconsciousness, tamaka (entering into darkness) and fever are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to pitta. This occlusion can be removed by administration of enema containing sweet and bitter ingredients. (31)
Burning sensation, redness, excess thirst, unconsciousness, tamaka (entering into darkness) and fever are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to pitta. This occlusion can be removed by administration of enema containing sweet and bitter ingredients. (31)
Symptoms of impediment by kapha and its management:
==== Symptoms of impediment by kapha and its management ====
तन्द्राशीतज्वरालस्यप्रसेकारुचिगौरवैः|
तन्द्राशीतज्वरालस्यप्रसेकारुचिगौरवैः|
सम्मूर्च्छाग्लानिभिर्विद्याच्छ्लेष्मणा स्नेहमावृतम्||३२||
सम्मूर्च्छाग्लानिभिर्विद्याच्छ्लेष्मणा स्नेहमावृतम्||३२||
phalatailayutaiH sAmlairbastibhistaM vinirharet||33||
phalatailayutaiH sAmlairbastibhistaM vinirharet||33||
Drowsiness, cold, fever, lethargy, salivation, anorexia, heaviness, fainting and depression are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to kapha. This occlusion can be removed by administration of enema prepared from alcohol and cows urine by adding madanaphala taila along with astringent, pungent, tikshna, hot and sour ingredients. (32-33)
Drowsiness, cold, fever, lethargy, salivation, anorexia, heaviness, fainting and depression are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to kapha. This occlusion can be removed by administration of enema prepared from alcohol and cows urine by adding madanaphala taila along with astringent, pungent, tikshna, hot and sour ingredients. (32-33)
Symptoms and treatment of impediment due to excess intake of food:
==== Symptoms and treatment of impediment due to excess intake of food ====
छर्दिमूर्च्छारुचिग्लानिशूलनिद्राङ्गमर्दनैः |
छर्दिमूर्च्छारुचिग्लानिशूलनिद्राङ्गमर्दनैः |
आमलिङ्गैः सदाहैस्तं विद्यादत्यशनावृतम्||३४||
आमलिङ्गैः सदाहैस्तं विद्यादत्यशनावृतम्||३४||
nirharedvidhinA samyagudAvartahareNa ca||37||
nirharedvidhinA samyagudAvartahareNa ca||37||
Obstruction to the passage of stool, urine and flatus, pain, heaviness, flatulence and cardiac spasm are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to stool. This occlusion can be removed by oleation, fomentation and phala-varti (medicated suppository) therapies. niruha basti prepared with shyama, bilva etc. followed by anuvasana should be given appropriately. udavarta (reverse movement of vata) treatment principles should be followed. (36-37)
Obstruction to the passage of stool, urine and flatus, pain, heaviness, flatulence and cardiac spasm are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to stool. This occlusion can be removed by oleation, fomentation and phala-varti (medicated suppository) therapies. niruha basti prepared with shyama, bilva etc. followed by anuvasana should be given appropriately. udavarta (reverse movement of vata) treatment principles should be followed. (36-37)
Ailments caused by administration of basti on empty stomach and their treatments:
Ailments caused by administration of basti on empty stomach and their treatments:
अभुक्ते शून्यपायौ वा वेगात् स्नेहोऽतिपीडितः|
अभुक्ते शून्यपायौ वा वेगात् स्नेहोऽतिपीडितः|