Changes

*Possessing appropriate sexual organs of a male or a female, but no secondary characters. In this case, ''kala'' and ''karma'' are considered to be key factors. The sexual organs are present since the time of conception, hence they manifest, but the factors that are responsible for the development of breasts and moustaches (in females and males respectively) become weaker during puberty. The afflicted seeds dominate only secondary sex characters and do not allow them to manifest at all. These phenomena are entirely dependent on past deeds. When ''shukra'' and ''shonita'' combine in equal proportion, there is equal dominance of ''shukra'' and ''artava'' causing genetic mutation (CK on CS.Sa.2/18, SS.Sa.3/5; AS.Sa.2/5; AH.Sa.1/5). It is referred as ''napunsaka'' in several vedic texts. In addition to this, Harita accepted that if ''doshas'', ''bala, prakriti'' and ''vikriti'' of a couple are present in equal proportions in the offspring, then a female hermaphrodite would take birth (HS.6th sthana.1/37-40). However, even in such cases, God’s will is said to be responsible (Shr.S.Pur.6/12).

*Possessing appropriate sexual organs of a male or a female, but no secondary characters. In this case, ''kala'' and ''karma'' are considered to be key factors. The sexual organs are present since the time of conception, hence they manifest, but the factors that are responsible for the development of breasts and moustaches (in females and males respectively) become weaker during puberty. The afflicted seeds dominate only secondary sex characters and do not allow them to manifest at all. These phenomena are entirely dependent on past deeds. When ''shukra'' and ''shonita'' combine in equal proportion, there is equal dominance of ''shukra'' and ''artava'' causing genetic mutation (CK on CS.Sa.2/18, SS.Sa.3/5; AS.Sa.2/5; AH.Sa.1/5). It is referred as ''napunsaka'' in several vedic texts. In addition to this, Harita accepted that if ''doshas'', ''bala, prakriti'' and ''vikriti'' of a couple are present in equal proportions in the offspring, then a female hermaphrodite would take birth (HS.6th sthana.1/37-40). However, even in such cases, God’s will is said to be responsible (Shr.S.Pur.6/12).

==== Defects in conception due to non passage of shukra (Verse 19-20) ====

==== Defects in conception due to non passage of ''shukra'' (Verse 19-20) ====

Among other disorders mentioned in this chapter, Pavanendriya is a condition in which pavana (air) is ejaculated during coitus (CK on CS.Sa.2/18). In fact, it may be ‘devoid of semen’, and hence incapable to fertilize the ovum. Shandha is also an affliction where there is absence of semen (SS.Sa.2/44). (18)

Among other disorders mentioned in this chapter, ''pavanendriya'' is a condition in which ''pavana'' (air) is ejaculated during coitus (CK on CS.Sa.2/18). In fact, it may be ‘devoid of semen’, and hence incapable to fertilize the ovum. ''Shandha'' is also an affliction where there is absence of semen (SS.Sa.2/44). (18)

Mandavega (sluggish desire), alpa- bija (diminished seed), abala (devoid of inherent strength- nisargabala rahita), aharṣa (lack of passion) and kleeba (duṣtabīja; damaged genetic portion)- lead to strī- ṣanda or pum-ṣanda, conditionsthat cause problems in conception and afflict female or male partners respectively (CK on CS.Sa.2/19). These are also referred, respectively, as stree-ṣhandha and nara-ṣhandha in other texts (SS.Sa.2/42-43). (19)

 

''Mandavega'' (sluggish desire), ''alpa- beeja'' (diminished seed), ''abala'' (devoid of inherent strength- ''nisargabala rahita''), ''aharsha'' (lack of passion) and ''kleeba'' (''dushtabeeja''; damaged genetic portion)- lead to ''stree- shanda'' or ''pum-shanda'', conditions that cause problems in conception and afflict female or male partners respectively (CK on CS.Sa.2/19). These are also referred, respectively, as ''stree-shandha'' and ''nara-shandha'' in other texts (SS.Sa.2/42-43). (19)

==== Signs and symptoms in pregnancy indicating the sex of the child (Verse 25) ====

==== Signs and symptoms in pregnancy indicating the sex of the child (Verse 25) ====