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Ashtodariya Adhyaya (view source)

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→‎Types of diseases

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These diseases will be described in detail in the same order as enumerated earlier.

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*Eight types of ''udara roga'' (abdominal swelling) are ''vatika, paittika, kaphaja, sannipataja, plihodara'' (due to splenic disorder), ''baddhodara'' (due to intestinal obstruction), ''chidrodara'' (due to intestinal perforation) and ''dakodara'' (ascites).

*Eight types of ''mutraghatas'' (Oliguria/Anuria) are ''vatika, paittika, kaphaja, sannipatika, ashmarija'' (due to stone in urinary tract), ''sharkaraja'' (due to gravels in urinary tract), ''shukraja'' (due to spermolith) and ''shonitaja'' (due to hematoma).

*Eight types of ''ksheera-dosha'' (disorders of breast milk) are ''vaivarnya'' (discoloration), ''vaignadhyam'' (altered smell), ''vairasyam'' (altered taste), ''paichichhilyam'' (sliminess), ''phenasamghata'' (excessive frothiness), ''raukshyam'' (absence of unctuousness), ''gauravam'' (heaviness in digestion/physical character) and ''atisneha'' (excessive unctuousness).

*Eight types of ''reto dosha'' (disorders of semen) are ''tanu'' (increased liquidity/decreased liquefaction time), ''shuskam'' (less viscous/dry), ''phenilam'' (excessive frothiness), ''ashwetam'' (discoloration), ''puti'' (foul smelling), ''atipichichhilam'' (excessive sliminess), ''anyadhatupahitam'' (presence of tissue constituents) and ''avasadi'' (increased specific gravity) (1)

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===== Diseases of Seven Types =====

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sapta kuShThAnIti kapAlodumbaramaNDalarShyajihvapuNDarIkasidhmakAkaNAni, sapta piDakA iti sharAvikA kacchapikA jAlinI sarShapyalajI vinatA vidradhI ca,sapta visarpA iti vAtapittakaphAgnikardamakagranthisannipAtAkhyAH (2);

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*Seven varieties of ''kushtha'' (obstinate skin diseases) are ''kapala, udumbara, mandala, rishyajihwa, pundarika, sidhma'' and ''kakanaka''.

*Seven types of ''pidakas'' (inflammatory swellings) are ''sharavika, kachhapika, jalini, sarshapi, alaji, vinata'' and ''vidradhi''.

*Seven types of ''visarpa'' (acute spreading inflammatory skin conditions) are vatika, paittika, kaphaja, sannipatika, agni, kardama and granthi. (2)

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===== Diseases of Six Types =====

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ShaDatIsArA iti vAtapittakaphasannipAtabhayashokajAH, ShaDudAvartA iti vAtamUtrapurIShashukracchardikShavathujAH (3);

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*Six types of ''Atisara'' (diarrhoeal disorders) are ''vatika, paittika, kaphaja, sannipatika, bhayaja'' (caused by fear) and ''shokaja'' (caused by grief.)

*Six types of ''Udavartas'' (abdominal diseases due to suppression of natural urges) are ''vataja'' (due to suppression of flatus), ''mutraja'' (due to suppression of urine), ''purishaja'' (due to suppression of feces), ''shukraja'' (Due to suppression of ejaculation of semen), ''chhardija'' (due to suppression of vomiting) and ''kshavathuja'' (due to suppression of sneezing). (3)

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===== Diseases of Five Types =====

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pa~jca gulmA iti vAtapittakaphasannipAtashoNitajAH, pa~jca plIhadoShA iti gulmairvyAkhyAtAH, pa~jca kAsA iti vAtapittakaphakShatakShayajAH, pa~jca shvAsA itimahordhvacchinnatamakakShudrAH, pa~jca hikkA iti mahatI gambhIrA vyapetA kShudrA~annajA ca, pa~jca tRuShNA iti vAtapittAmakShayopasargAtmikAH, pa~jcachardaya iti dviShTArthasaMyogajA vAtapittakaphasannipAtodrekotthAshca [1] , pa~jca bhaktasyAnashanasthAnAnIti vAtapittakaphasannipAtadveShAH, pa~jcashirorogA iti pUrvoddeshamabhisamasya vAtapittakaphasannipAtakrimijAH, pa~jca hRudrogA iti shirorogairvyAkhyAtAH, pa~jca pANDurogA itivAtapittakaphasannipAtamRudbhakShaNajAH, pa~jconmAdA iti vAtapittakaphasannipAtAgantunimittAH (4)

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*Five types of ''gulmas'' (abdominal lump/tumour) are ''vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, sannipataja'' and ''raktaja''.

*Five types of ''pleeha doshas'' (splenic disorders) are of the same type as those of ''gulma''.

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*Five types of ''pandu'' (anaemia) are ''vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, sannipataja'' and ''mridbhakshanaja'' (due to intake of clay).

*Five types of ''unmada'' (insanity) are ''vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, sannipataja'' and ''aagantuja'' (due to exogenous causes). (4)

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===== Diseases of Four Types =====

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dvau jvarAviti uShNAbhiprAyaH shItasamutthashca shItAbhiprAyashcoShNasamutthaH, dvau vraNAviti nijashcAgantujashca, dvAvAyAmAvitibAhyashcAbhyantarashca, dve gRudhrasyAviti vAtAdvAtakaphAcca, dve kAmale iti koShThAshrayA shAkhAshrayA ca, dvividhamAmamiti alasako visUcikA ca,dvividhaM vAtaraktamiti gambhIramuttAnaM ca, dvividhAnyarshAMsIti shuShkANyArdrANi ca (7)

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*Two types of ''jwara'' (fever) are ''ushnabhipraya shitasamuttha'' (fever arising from cold and patient has desire for hot substances) and ''shitabhipraya ushnasamuttha'' (fever arising from heat and patient has desire for cold substances).

*Two types of ''vrana'' (wound) are ''nija'' (endogenous causes) and ''agantuja'' (exogenous causes).

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*Two types of ''vatarakta'' (gout) are ''gambheera'' (deep) and ''uttana'' (superficial).

*Two types of ''arsha'' (piles) are ''shushka'' (non bleeding masses) and ''aardra'' (bleeding masses). (7)

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===== Diseases of One Type =====

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kevalashcAyamuddesho yathoddeshamabhinirdiShTo bhavati||4||

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*Twenty types of ''krimis'' (parasites) include ''yuka'' (lice) and ''pipilika'' (eggs of lice) on the body surface and produced from external impurities, six parasites in blood (''kesada, lomada, lomadwipa, saurasa, audumbara'' and ''jantumatara''). Seven parasites that live in ''kapha''-specific body locations (''antrada, udaraveshta, hridayada, churu, darbhapushpa, saugandhika'' and ''mahaguda''), and five parasites originating from feces (''kakeruka, makeruka, leliha, sashulaka'' and ''sausurada'').

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*There are twenty types of ''yoni vyapadas'' (gynaecological disorders). Of these, ''vatika, paittika, kaphaja'' and ''sannipataja'' are produced by ''vata, pitta, kapha'' and a combination of all the three ''doshas'' (''tridosha'') respectively. The remaining sixteen are caused through various permutations and combinations of ''dosha, dushya'' and other causative factors. These are ''raktayoni'' (menorrhagia), ''arajaska'' (amenorroea), ''acharana'' (colpitis mycotica), ''aticharana'' (chronic vaginitis), ''prakcharana'' (deflorative vaginitis), upapluta (secondary dysmenorrhoea), paripluta (acute vaginitis), udavartini (primary dysmenorrhoea), karinini (endo-cervitis), ''putraghini'' (abortive tendency), ''antarmukhi'' (inversion of uterus), ''suchimukhi'' (colpo stenosis), ''sushka'' (culpo xerosis), ''vamini'' (profluvium seminis), ''sandhyayoni'' (undeveloped female sex organs/pseudo-uterus) and ''mahayoni'' (prolapse of the uterus). These are twenty types of gynaecological disorders. (9)

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==== Definite relation between ''dosha'' and disease ====

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