Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya: Difference between revisions

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===Dravya, Guna and Karma===

=== [[Dravya]], [[Guna]] and [[Karma]]===

====Sentient and Insentient [[dravya]] (elements)====

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[[Panchamahabhuta]] (the five fundamental elements, [[akasha]], [[vayu]], [[tejas]], [[aap]] and [[prithvi]]), Soul, mind, time and ''dik'' (orientation in space) are collectively called ''dravyas'' (elements). [[~~dravya~~]], when is supplemented with sense organs, form the sentient being, while without them would be insentient. [48]

[[Panchamahabhuta]] (the five fundamental elements, [[akasha]], [[vayu]], [[tejas]], [[aap]] and [[prithvi]]), Soul, mind, time and ''dik'' (orientation in space) are collectively called [[dravyas]] (elements). [[Dravya]], when supplemented with sense organs, form the sentient being, while without them would be insentient. [48]

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==== Guna (basic properties/ qualities) and Karma (actions)====

==== [[Guna]] (basic properties/ qualities) and [[Karma]] (actions)====

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Sense objects (''shabda, sparsha, rupa, rasa, gandha'' (sound, touch, sight, taste and smell respectively), properties beginning with ''guru'' (twenty properties like ''guru, laghu'', etc), ''buddhi'' (intelligence) and ending with ''prayatna'' (effort),properties beginning with ''para'' are called ~~''gunas''~~. The movement initiated by (the attribute of ~~''Atma''~~) ''prayatna'' (effort) is called ''karma'' (action).[49]

Sense objects (''shabda, sparsha, rupa, rasa, gandha'' (sound, touch, sight, taste and smell respectively), properties beginning with ''guru'' (twenty properties like ''guru, laghu'', etc), [[buddhi]] (intelligence) and ending with ''prayatna'' (effort),properties beginning with ''para'' are called [[guna]]. The movement initiated by (the attribute of [[atma]]) ''prayatna'' (effort) is called [[karma]] (action).[49]

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====Inseparable ~~Concomitance~~ of ~~Element~~ and ~~Properties~~ ====

====Inseparable concomitance of element and properties ====

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''Samavaya'' (inseparable concomitance) is the inseparable relationship of [[dravya]] with their ~~''gunas''~~ (properties). This is eternal because whenever a [[dravya]] exists, it is not devoid of ~~''gunas''~~. [50]

''Samavaya'' (inseparable concomitance) is the inseparable relationship of [[dravya]] with their [[guna]] (properties). This is eternal because whenever a [[dravya]] exists, it is not devoid of [[guna]]. [50]

==== Definition of Dravya ====

==== Definition of [[Dravya]] ====

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[[~~dravya~~]] (element including drugs) is the substratum for ''karma'' (actions) and ''guna'' (properties) and that which is the ''samavayi'' ''karana'' (intrinsic or material cause of its effect). [51]

[[Dravya]] (element including drugs) is the substratum for [[karma]] (actions) and [[guna]] (properties) and that which is the ''samavayi'' ''karana'' (intrinsic or material cause of its effect). [51]

==== Definition of Guna ====

==== Definition of [[Guna]] ====

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''Guna'' (property) is related with ''samavaya'' (~~inseperable~~ concomitance to [[dravya]]), is devoid of action and is , i.e., non-inherent cause of its effect(''asamavayi''). [51]

[[Guna]] (property) is related with ''samavaya'' (inseparable concomitance to [[dravya]]), is devoid of action and is , i.e., non-inherent cause of its effect(''asamavayi''). [51]

==== Karma (action) ====

==== [[Karma]] (action) ====

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The causative factor in conjunction and disjunction is located in [[dravya]] and performance of the activities to be done (as intended by the doer) is ''karma'' (action). ''Karma'' does not depend on any other factor (to produce the activities). [52]

The causative factor in conjunction and disjunction is located in [[dravya]] and performance of the activities to be done (as intended by the doer) is [[karma]] (action). [[Karma]] does not depend on any other factor (to produce the activities). [52]

===Principles of equilibrium and dis-equilibrium ===

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-===Dravya, Guna and Karma===
+=== [[Dravya]], [[Guna]] and [[Karma]]===
 ====Sentient and Insentient [[dravya]] (elements)====
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 <div style="text-align:justify;">
-[[Panchamahabhuta]] (the five fundamental elements, [[akasha]], [[vayu]], [[tejas]], [[aap]] and [[prithvi]]), Soul, mind, time and ''dik'' (orientation in space) are collectively called ''dravyas'' (elements). [[dravya]], when is supplemented with sense organs, form the sentient being, while without them would be insentient. [48]
+[[Panchamahabhuta]] (the five fundamental elements, [[akasha]], [[vayu]], [[tejas]], [[aap]] and [[prithvi]]), Soul, mind, time and ''dik'' (orientation in space) are collectively called [[dravyas]] (elements). [[Dravya]], when supplemented with sense organs, form the sentient being, while without them would be insentient. [48]
 </div>
-==== Guna (basic properties/ qualities) and Karma (actions)====
+==== [[Guna]] (basic properties/ qualities) and [[Karma]] (actions)====
   <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
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 <div style="text-align:justify;">
-Sense objects (''shabda, sparsha, rupa, rasa, gandha'' (sound, touch, sight, taste and smell respectively), properties beginning with ''guru'' (twenty properties like ''guru, laghu'', etc), ''buddhi'' (intelligence) and ending with ''prayatna'' (effort),properties beginning with ''para'' are called ''gunas''. The movement initiated by (the attribute of ''Atma'') ''prayatna'' (effort) is called ''karma'' (action).[49]
+Sense objects (''shabda, sparsha, rupa, rasa, gandha'' (sound, touch, sight, taste and smell respectively), properties beginning with ''guru'' (twenty properties like ''guru, laghu'', etc), [[buddhi]] (intelligence) and ending with ''prayatna'' (effort),properties beginning with ''para'' are called [[guna]]. The movement initiated by (the attribute of [[atma]]) ''prayatna'' (effort) is called [[karma]] (action).[49]
 </div>
-====Inseparable Concomitance of Element and Properties ====
+====Inseparable concomitance of element and properties ====
 <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
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 </div></div>
-''Samavaya'' (inseparable concomitance) is the inseparable relationship of [[dravya]] with their ''gunas'' (properties). This is eternal because whenever a [[dravya]] exists, it is not devoid of ''gunas''. [50]
+''Samavaya'' (inseparable concomitance) is the inseparable relationship of [[dravya]] with their [[guna]] (properties). This is eternal because whenever a [[dravya]] exists, it is not devoid of [[guna]]. [50]
-==== Definition of Dravya ====
+==== Definition of [[Dravya]] ====
   <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
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 </div></div>
-[[dravya]] (element including drugs) is the substratum for ''karma'' (actions) and ''guna'' (properties) and that which is the ''samavayi'' ''karana'' (intrinsic or material cause of its effect). [51]
+[[Dravya]] (element including drugs) is the substratum for [[karma]] (actions) and [[guna]] (properties) and that which is the ''samavayi'' ''karana'' (intrinsic or material cause of its effect). [51]
-==== Definition of Guna ====
+==== Definition of [[Guna]] ====
   <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
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 </div></div>
-''Guna'' (property) is related with ''samavaya'' (inseperable concomitance to [[dravya]]), is devoid of action and is , i.e., non-inherent cause of its effect(''asamavayi''). [51]
+[[Guna]] (property) is related with ''samavaya'' (inseparable concomitance to [[dravya]]), is devoid of action and is , i.e., non-inherent cause of its effect(''asamavayi''). [51]
-==== Karma (action) ====
+==== [[Karma]] (action) ====
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 </div></div>
-The causative factor in conjunction and disjunction is located in [[dravya]] and performance of the activities to be done (as intended by the doer) is ''karma'' (action). ''Karma'' does not depend on any other factor (to produce the activities). [52]
+The causative factor in conjunction and disjunction is located in [[dravya]] and performance of the activities to be done (as intended by the doer) is [[karma]] (action). [[Karma]] does not depend on any other factor (to produce the activities). [52]
 ===Principles of equilibrium and dis-equilibrium ===