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<li>Medhya action of shankhapushpi, vishaghna action of Shirisha etc. can also be considered because of the prabhava. </li></ol></p>
<li>Medhya action of shankhapushpi, vishaghna action of Shirisha etc. can also be considered because of the prabhava. </li></ol></p>
== Assessment of prabhava ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>The knowledge of prabhava of dravyas cannot be accessed by yukti or tarka. This can only be understood by the pratyaksha pramana and shastra pramāna. So it is important for the vaidyas to know about the prabhava of the dravya before using them for the treatment. Without the knowledge of the effects of the prabhava, if a drug is given to the patient considering only the rasa, vīrya and vipāka, the drug may give rise to adverse-effects and can harm the patients. </p>
== Concept of samana pratyarabdha and vichitra pratyarabdha ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>If the mahabhutas are responsible for the production of dravyas (dravya - arambhaka mahabhutas) and the mahabhutas responsible for the rasa, veerya and vipaka are similar, then the effect of the dravyas will be according to the rasa, veerya and vipaka. This is called as ‘Samana pratyarabdha’. The mahabhuta composition does not change even after the various stages of the digestion and assimilation of the dravya. Hence the effects will be according to the properties and will have predictable actions. Eg:- dugdha. <br/>If the mahabhutas composition of the dravya and its rasa, veerya, vipaka are different or if the mahabhuta combinations changes after different process of the digestion and assimilation, then new combinations will be formed giving rise to sudden changes in the actions of the drugs. Then those drugs are considered as ‘vichitra pratyarabdha dravya’. These vichitra pratyarabdha action of the drugs can be considered as prabhava. </p>
== Contemporary approach ==
=== Phytochemical point of view: ===
<p style='text-align:justify;'>The action of the drugs can be attributed to the various chemical contents or phyto-active compounds present in that particular drug. Each and every drug will have many chemically active compounds. The net action or the pharmacodynamics of all the chemical contents will decide the pharmacodynamics of that particular drug, especially herbal drugs. There may be some contradictory actions or opposite actions among various active chemicals present in that particular herbal drug. The properties of the drug also taken from the cumulative nature of all the properties of that drug. Sometimes, the chemicals corresponding to the action may not be in a observable quantity or they may not express their guṇa like rasa, guna, veerya and vipaka, but may show the action. Such chemical may be responsible for the action on various ailments. These actions shown by the chemicals which do not express their properties can be taken as prabhava of that particular drugs. </p>
=== Psycho-spiritual therapy: ===
<p style='text-align:justify;'>The effects of the gems stones on human health can be explained in view of psycho spiritual therapy . The gem stones are related to the various grahas (planetary actions) and can satisfy or nullify the effects of various planetary motions on human body. These effects are also considered as prabhava. <br/>Some psychological effects are seen when perceived by the sense organs like feeling of happiness by seeing a loved person, secretion of saliva by seeing or smelling tasy food etc, can also be considered as prabhava. These also have effect on the pscyho-somatic well being of the humans. These can be used to treat the conditions caused by asatmendriyartha samyoga (disease caused by the abnormal utilization of the sense organs). </p>
== Current researches ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>There is a vast scope of research on the concept of prabhava and its practices. </p>
== Conclusion ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>From the concepts of prabhava it can be understood that prabhava of the drugs plays a major role clinically. Even though prabhava is unpredictable with rasa, guna, virya and vipaka, it has got very vast clinical importance and application. </p>
== Further reading ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'><ol><li>https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2020/web/webtc/indexcaller.php </li>
<li>Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Drvyaguna vijnanam Purvardha, 7th Reprint, Sri Baidyanath Ayurveda Bhavan Limited, Nagpur. p. 297-312. </li>
<li>Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charaka Samhita of agnivesha with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary, 4th Edition, 1981, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Limited, New Delhi. p. 148-149. </li>
<li>Anna Moreshwara Kunta and Krishna Ramachandra Shastri Navare, Ashtanga Hrudayam of Vagbhata, 9th Edition, 2005, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi. p. 171-173. </li>
<li>Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Sushruta Samhita with Nibanda Sangraha Vyakhya, 4th Edition, 1980, Chaukhambha Orientali, Varanasi. p. 180-181. </li>
<li>Bulusu Sitaram, Bhavapraksha of Bhavamishra, Volume – 1, First Edition 2006, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi. p. 127-128. </li>
<li>Bapalal G Vaidya, Nighantu Adarsha, Volume 1, 2nd Edition, 1998, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi. p. 93-100. </li>
<li>Mallikarjuna Rao P, Dravyaguna Vijnan, Volume 1, 1st Edition, 2021, Chaukhambha Vishwabharati, Varanasi. p. 112-126. </li>
<li>Priya Vrat Sharma, Dravyaguna Vijnana, Volume 1 (Basic Concepts), 1998, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi. p. 232-237. </li></ol>
This chapter is under development process and partially complete. Suggestions are invited to complete it.</p>
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